/**
   * Opens this database. The database should be opened after construction. or reopened by the
   * close(int closemode) method during a "shutdown compact". Closes the log if there is an error.
   */
  void reopen() {

    boolean isNew = false;

    setState(DATABASE_OPENING);

    try {
      nameManager = new HsqlNameManager(this);
      granteeManager = new GranteeManager(this);
      userManager = new UserManager(this);
      schemaManager = new SchemaManager(this);
      persistentStoreCollection = new PersistentStoreCollectionDatabase(this);
      isReferentialIntegrity = true;
      sessionManager = new SessionManager(this);
      collation = collation.newDatabaseInstance();
      dbInfo = DatabaseInformation.newDatabaseInformation(this);
      txManager = new TransactionManager2PL(this);

      lobManager.createSchema();
      sessionManager.getSysLobSession().setSchema(SqlInvariants.LOBS_SCHEMA);
      schemaManager.setSchemaChangeTimestamp();
      schemaManager.createSystemTables();

      // completed metadata
      logger.open();

      isNew = logger.isNewDatabase;

      if (isNew) {
        String username = urlProperties.getProperty("user", "SA");
        String password = urlProperties.getProperty("password", "");

        userManager.createFirstUser(username, password);
        schemaManager.createPublicSchema();
        logger.checkpoint(false);
      }

      lobManager.open();
      dbInfo.setWithContent(true);

      checkpointRunner = new CheckpointRunner();
      timeoutRunner = new TimeoutRunner();
    } catch (Throwable e) {
      logger.close(Database.CLOSEMODE_IMMEDIATELY);
      logger.releaseLock();
      setState(DATABASE_SHUTDOWN);
      clearStructures();
      DatabaseManager.removeDatabase(this);

      if (!(e instanceof HsqlException)) {
        e = Error.error(ErrorCode.GENERAL_ERROR, e);
      }

      logger.logSevereEvent("could not reopen database", e);

      throw (HsqlException) e;
    }

    setState(DATABASE_ONLINE);
  }
  /**
   * Closes this Database using the specified mode.
   *
   * <p>
   *
   * <ol>
   *   <LI>closemode -1 performs SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATELY, equivalent to a poweroff or crash.
   *   <LI>closemode 0 performs a normal SHUTDOWN that checkpoints the database normally.
   *   <LI>closemode 1 performs a shutdown compact that scripts out the contents of any CACHED
   *       tables to the log then deletes the existing *.data file that contains the data for all
   *       CACHED table before the normal checkpoint process which in turn creates a new, compact
   *       *.data file.
   * </ol>
   */
  public void close(int closemode) {

    HsqlException he = null;

    // multiple simultaneous close
    synchronized (this) {
      if (getState() != DATABASE_ONLINE) {
        return;
      }

      setState(DATABASE_CLOSING);
    }

    sessionManager.closeAllSessions();

    if (filesReadOnly) {
      closemode = CLOSEMODE_IMMEDIATELY;
    }

    /** impact of possible error conditions in closing the log for the CLOSEMODE_COMPACT mode */
    boolean result = logger.close(closemode);

    lobManager.close();
    sessionManager.close();

    try {
      if (result && closemode == CLOSEMODE_COMPACT) {
        clearStructures();
        reopen();
        setState(DATABASE_CLOSING);
        sessionManager.closeAllSessions();
        logger.close(CLOSEMODE_NORMAL);
        lobManager.close();
        sessionManager.close();
      }
    } catch (Throwable t) {
      if (t instanceof HsqlException) {
        he = (HsqlException) t;
      } else {
        he = Error.error(ErrorCode.GENERAL_ERROR, t);
      }
    }

    lobManager = null;

    logger.releaseLock();
    setState(DATABASE_SHUTDOWN);
    clearStructures();

    // fredt - this could change to avoid removing a db from the
    // DatabaseManager repository if there are pending getDatabase()
    // calls
    DatabaseManager.removeDatabase(this);

    // todo - when hsqldb.sql. framework logging is supported, add another call
    FrameworkLogger.clearLoggers("hsqldb.db." + getUniqueName());

    if (he != null) {
      throw he;
    }
  }