private boolean validateRequest(final DigestContext context, final byte[] ha1) {
    byte[] ha2;
    DigestQop qop = context.getQop();
    // Step 2.2 Calculate H(A2)
    if (qop == null || qop.equals(DigestQop.AUTH)) {
      ha2 = createHA2Auth(context, context.getParsedHeader());
    } else {
      ha2 = createHA2AuthInt();
    }

    byte[] requestDigest;
    if (qop == null) {
      requestDigest = createRFC2069RequestDigest(ha1, ha2, context);
    } else {
      requestDigest = createRFC2617RequestDigest(ha1, ha2, context);
    }

    byte[] providedResponse =
        context
            .getParsedHeader()
            .get(DigestAuthorizationToken.RESPONSE)
            .getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);

    return MessageDigest.isEqual(requestDigest, providedResponse);
  }
  public void sendAuthenticationInfoHeader(final HttpServerExchange exchange) {
    DigestContext context = exchange.getAttachment(DigestContext.ATTACHMENT_KEY);
    DigestQop qop = context.getQop();
    String currentNonce = context.getNonce();
    String nextNonce = nonceManager.nextNonce(currentNonce, exchange);
    if (qop != null || !nextNonce.equals(currentNonce)) {
      StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
      sb.append(NEXT_NONCE).append("=\"").append(nextNonce).append("\"");
      if (qop != null) {
        Map<DigestAuthorizationToken, String> parsedHeader = context.getParsedHeader();
        sb.append(",")
            .append(Headers.QOP.toString())
            .append("=\"")
            .append(qop.getToken())
            .append("\"");
        byte[] ha1 = context.getHa1();
        byte[] ha2;

        if (qop == DigestQop.AUTH) {
          ha2 = createHA2Auth(context);
        } else {
          ha2 = createHA2AuthInt();
        }
        String rspauth =
            new String(createRFC2617RequestDigest(ha1, ha2, context), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
        sb.append(",")
            .append(Headers.RESPONSE_AUTH.toString())
            .append("=\"")
            .append(rspauth)
            .append("\"");
        sb.append(",")
            .append(Headers.CNONCE.toString())
            .append("=\"")
            .append(parsedHeader.get(DigestAuthorizationToken.CNONCE))
            .append("\"");
        sb.append(",")
            .append(Headers.NONCE_COUNT.toString())
            .append("=")
            .append(parsedHeader.get(DigestAuthorizationToken.NONCE_COUNT));
      }

      HeaderMap responseHeader = exchange.getResponseHeaders();
      responseHeader.add(AUTHENTICATION_INFO, sb.toString());
    }

    exchange.removeAttachment(DigestContext.ATTACHMENT_KEY);
  }
  public AuthenticationMechanismOutcome handleDigestHeader(
      HttpServerExchange exchange, final SecurityContext securityContext) {
    DigestContext context = exchange.getAttachment(DigestContext.ATTACHMENT_KEY);
    Map<DigestAuthorizationToken, String> parsedHeader = context.getParsedHeader();
    // Step 1 - Verify the set of tokens received to ensure valid values.
    Set<DigestAuthorizationToken> mandatoryTokens = new HashSet<>(MANDATORY_REQUEST_TOKENS);
    if (!supportedAlgorithms.contains(DigestAlgorithm.MD5)) {
      // If we don't support MD5 then the client must choose an algorithm as we can not fall back to
      // MD5.
      mandatoryTokens.add(DigestAuthorizationToken.ALGORITHM);
    }
    if (!supportedQops.isEmpty() && !supportedQops.contains(DigestQop.AUTH)) {
      // If we do not support auth then we are mandating auth-int so force the client to send a QOP
      mandatoryTokens.add(DigestAuthorizationToken.MESSAGE_QOP);
    }

    DigestQop qop = null;
    // This check is early as is increases the list of mandatory tokens.
    if (parsedHeader.containsKey(DigestAuthorizationToken.MESSAGE_QOP)) {
      qop = DigestQop.forName(parsedHeader.get(DigestAuthorizationToken.MESSAGE_QOP));
      if (qop == null || !supportedQops.contains(qop)) {
        // We are also ensuring the client is not trying to force a qop that has been disabled.
        REQUEST_LOGGER.invalidTokenReceived(
            DigestAuthorizationToken.MESSAGE_QOP.getName(),
            parsedHeader.get(DigestAuthorizationToken.MESSAGE_QOP));
        // TODO - This actually needs to result in a HTTP 400 Bad Request response and not a new
        // challenge.
        return AuthenticationMechanismOutcome.NOT_AUTHENTICATED;
      }
      context.setQop(qop);
      mandatoryTokens.add(DigestAuthorizationToken.CNONCE);
      mandatoryTokens.add(DigestAuthorizationToken.NONCE_COUNT);
    }

    // Check all mandatory tokens are present.
    mandatoryTokens.removeAll(parsedHeader.keySet());
    if (mandatoryTokens.size() > 0) {
      for (DigestAuthorizationToken currentToken : mandatoryTokens) {
        // TODO - Need a better check and possible concatenate the list of tokens - however
        // even having one missing token is not something we should routinely expect.
        REQUEST_LOGGER.missingAuthorizationToken(currentToken.getName());
      }
      // TODO - This actually needs to result in a HTTP 400 Bad Request response and not a new
      // challenge.
      return AuthenticationMechanismOutcome.NOT_AUTHENTICATED;
    }

    // Perform some validation of the remaining tokens.
    if (!realmName.equals(parsedHeader.get(DigestAuthorizationToken.REALM))) {
      REQUEST_LOGGER.invalidTokenReceived(
          DigestAuthorizationToken.REALM.getName(),
          parsedHeader.get(DigestAuthorizationToken.REALM));
      // TODO - This actually needs to result in a HTTP 400 Bad Request response and not a new
      // challenge.
      return AuthenticationMechanismOutcome.NOT_AUTHENTICATED;
    }

    // TODO - Validate the URI

    if (parsedHeader.containsKey(DigestAuthorizationToken.OPAQUE)) {
      if (!OPAQUE_VALUE.equals(parsedHeader.get(DigestAuthorizationToken.OPAQUE))) {
        REQUEST_LOGGER.invalidTokenReceived(
            DigestAuthorizationToken.OPAQUE.getName(),
            parsedHeader.get(DigestAuthorizationToken.OPAQUE));
        return AuthenticationMechanismOutcome.NOT_AUTHENTICATED;
      }
    }

    DigestAlgorithm algorithm;
    if (parsedHeader.containsKey(DigestAuthorizationToken.ALGORITHM)) {
      algorithm = DigestAlgorithm.forName(parsedHeader.get(DigestAuthorizationToken.ALGORITHM));
      if (algorithm == null || !supportedAlgorithms.contains(algorithm)) {
        // We are also ensuring the client is not trying to force an algorithm that has been
        // disabled.
        REQUEST_LOGGER.invalidTokenReceived(
            DigestAuthorizationToken.ALGORITHM.getName(),
            parsedHeader.get(DigestAuthorizationToken.ALGORITHM));
        // TODO - This actually needs to result in a HTTP 400 Bad Request response and not a new
        // challenge.
        return AuthenticationMechanismOutcome.NOT_AUTHENTICATED;
      }
    } else {
      // We know this is safe as the algorithm token was made mandatory
      // if MD5 is not supported.
      algorithm = DigestAlgorithm.MD5;
    }

    try {
      context.setAlgorithm(algorithm);
    } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
      /*
       * This should not be possible in a properly configured installation.
       */
      REQUEST_LOGGER.exceptionProcessingRequest(e);
      return AuthenticationMechanismOutcome.NOT_AUTHENTICATED;
    }

    final String userName = parsedHeader.get(DigestAuthorizationToken.USERNAME);
    final IdentityManager identityManager = getIdentityManager(securityContext);
    final Account account;

    if (algorithm.isSession()) {
      /* This can follow one of the following: -
       *   1 - New session so use DigestCredentialImpl with the IdentityManager to
       *       create a new session key.
       *   2 - Obtain the existing session key from the session store and validate it, just use
       *       IdentityManager to validate account is still active and the current role assignment.
       */
      throw new IllegalStateException("Not yet implemented.");
    } else {
      final DigestCredential credential = new DigestCredentialImpl(context);
      account = identityManager.verify(userName, credential);
    }

    if (account == null) {
      // Authentication has failed, this could either be caused by the user not-existing or it
      // could be caused due to an invalid hash.
      securityContext.authenticationFailed(MESSAGES.authenticationFailed(userName), mechanismName);
      return AuthenticationMechanismOutcome.NOT_AUTHENTICATED;
    }

    // Step 3 - Verify that the nonce was eligible to be used.
    if (!validateNonceUse(context, parsedHeader, exchange)) {
      // TODO - This is the right place to make use of the decision but the check needs to be much
      // much sooner
      // otherwise a failure server
      // side could leave a packet that could be 're-played' after the failed auth.
      // The username and password verification passed but for some reason we do not like the nonce.
      context.markStale();
      // We do not mark as a failure on the security context as this is not quite a failure, a
      // client with a cached nonce
      // can easily hit this point.
      return AuthenticationMechanismOutcome.NOT_AUTHENTICATED;
    }

    // We have authenticated the remote user.

    sendAuthenticationInfoHeader(exchange);
    securityContext.authenticationComplete(account, mechanismName, false);
    return AuthenticationMechanismOutcome.AUTHENTICATED;

    // Step 4 - Set up any QOP related requirements.

    // TODO - Do QOP
  }