/**
* Merge zero or more spill files together, choosing the fastest merging strategy based on the
* number of spills and the IO compression codec.
*
* @return the partition lengths in the merged file.
*/
private long[] mergeSpills(SpillInfo[] spills) throws IOException {
final File outputFile = shuffleBlockResolver.getDataFile(shuffleId, mapId);
final boolean compressionEnabled = sparkConf.getBoolean("spark.shuffle.compress", true);
final CompressionCodec compressionCodec = CompressionCodec$.MODULE$.createCodec(sparkConf);
final boolean fastMergeEnabled =
sparkConf.getBoolean("spark.shuffle.unsafe.fastMergeEnabled", true);
final boolean fastMergeIsSupported =
!compressionEnabled || compressionCodec instanceof LZFCompressionCodec;
try {
if (spills.length == 0) {
new FileOutputStream(outputFile).close(); // Create an empty file
return new long[partitioner.numPartitions()];
} else if (spills.length == 1) {
// Here, we don't need to perform any metrics updates because the bytes written to this
// output file would have already been counted as shuffle bytes written.
Files.move(spills[0].file, outputFile);
return spills[0].partitionLengths;
} else {
final long[] partitionLengths;
// There are multiple spills to merge, so none of these spill files' lengths were counted
// towards our shuffle write count or shuffle write time. If we use the slow merge path,
// then the final output file's size won't necessarily be equal to the sum of the spill
// files' sizes. To guard against this case, we look at the output file's actual size when
// computing shuffle bytes written.
//
// We allow the individual merge methods to report their own IO times since different merge
// strategies use different IO techniques. We count IO during merge towards the shuffle
// shuffle write time, which appears to be consistent with the "not bypassing merge-sort"
// branch in ExternalSorter.
if (fastMergeEnabled && fastMergeIsSupported) {
// Compression is disabled or we are using an IO compression codec that supports
// decompression of concatenated compressed streams, so we can perform a fast spill merge
// that doesn't need to interpret the spilled bytes.
if (transferToEnabled) {
logger.debug("Using transferTo-based fast merge");
partitionLengths = mergeSpillsWithTransferTo(spills, outputFile);
} else {
logger.debug("Using fileStream-based fast merge");
partitionLengths = mergeSpillsWithFileStream(spills, outputFile, null);
}
} else {
logger.debug("Using slow merge");
partitionLengths = mergeSpillsWithFileStream(spills, outputFile, compressionCodec);
}
// When closing an UnsafeShuffleExternalSorter that has already spilled once but also has
// in-memory records, we write out the in-memory records to a file but do not count that
// final write as bytes spilled (instead, it's accounted as shuffle write). The merge needs
// to be counted as shuffle write, but this will lead to double-counting of the final
// SpillInfo's bytes.
writeMetrics.decShuffleBytesWritten(spills[spills.length - 1].file.length());
writeMetrics.incShuffleBytesWritten(outputFile.length());
return partitionLengths;
}
} catch (IOException e) {
if (outputFile.exists() && !outputFile.delete()) {
logger.error("Unable to delete output file {}", outputFile.getPath());
}
throw e;
}
}
@Override
public void insertAll(Iterator<Product2<K, V>> records) throws IOException {
assert (partitionWriters == null);
if (!records.hasNext()) {
return;
}
final SerializerInstance serInstance = serializer.newInstance();
final long openStartTime = System.nanoTime();
partitionWriters = new DiskBlockObjectWriter[numPartitions];
for (int i = 0; i < numPartitions; i++) {
final Tuple2<TempShuffleBlockId, File> tempShuffleBlockIdPlusFile =
blockManager.diskBlockManager().createTempShuffleBlock();
final File file = tempShuffleBlockIdPlusFile._2();
final BlockId blockId = tempShuffleBlockIdPlusFile._1();
partitionWriters[i] =
blockManager
.getDiskWriter(blockId, file, serInstance, fileBufferSize, writeMetrics)
.open();
}
// Creating the file to write to and creating a disk writer both involve interacting with
// the disk, and can take a long time in aggregate when we open many files, so should be
// included in the shuffle write time.
writeMetrics.incShuffleWriteTime(System.nanoTime() - openStartTime);
while (records.hasNext()) {
final Product2<K, V> record = records.next();
final K key = record._1();
partitionWriters[partitioner.getPartition(key)].write(key, record._2());
}
for (DiskBlockObjectWriter writer : partitionWriters) {
writer.commitAndClose();
}
}
public BypassMergeSortShuffleWriter(
SparkConf conf,
BlockManager blockManager,
Partitioner partitioner,
ShuffleWriteMetrics writeMetrics,
Serializer serializer) {
// Use getSizeAsKb (not bytes) to maintain backwards compatibility if no units are provided
this.fileBufferSize = (int) conf.getSizeAsKb("spark.shuffle.file.buffer", "32k") * 1024;
this.transferToEnabled = conf.getBoolean("spark.file.transferTo", true);
this.numPartitions = partitioner.numPartitions();
this.blockManager = blockManager;
this.partitioner = partitioner;
this.writeMetrics = writeMetrics;
this.serializer = serializer;
}
private void open() throws IOException {
assert (sorter == null);
sorter =
new UnsafeShuffleExternalSorter(
memoryManager,
shuffleMemoryManager,
blockManager,
taskContext,
INITIAL_SORT_BUFFER_SIZE,
partitioner.numPartitions(),
sparkConf,
writeMetrics);
serBuffer = new MyByteArrayOutputStream(1024 * 1024);
serOutputStream = serializer.serializeStream(serBuffer);
}
/**
* Merges spill files using Java FileStreams. This code path is slower than the NIO-based merge,
* {@link UnsafeShuffleWriter#mergeSpillsWithTransferTo(SpillInfo[], File)}, so it's only used in
* cases where the IO compression codec does not support concatenation of compressed data, or in
* cases where users have explicitly disabled use of {@code transferTo} in order to work around
* kernel bugs.
*
* @param spills the spills to merge.
* @param outputFile the file to write the merged data to.
* @param compressionCodec the IO compression codec, or null if shuffle compression is disabled.
* @return the partition lengths in the merged file.
*/
private long[] mergeSpillsWithFileStream(
SpillInfo[] spills, File outputFile, @Nullable CompressionCodec compressionCodec)
throws IOException {
assert (spills.length >= 2);
final int numPartitions = partitioner.numPartitions();
final long[] partitionLengths = new long[numPartitions];
final InputStream[] spillInputStreams = new FileInputStream[spills.length];
OutputStream mergedFileOutputStream = null;
boolean threwException = true;
try {
for (int i = 0; i < spills.length; i++) {
spillInputStreams[i] = new FileInputStream(spills[i].file);
}
for (int partition = 0; partition < numPartitions; partition++) {
final long initialFileLength = outputFile.length();
mergedFileOutputStream =
new TimeTrackingOutputStream(writeMetrics, new FileOutputStream(outputFile, true));
if (compressionCodec != null) {
mergedFileOutputStream = compressionCodec.compressedOutputStream(mergedFileOutputStream);
}
for (int i = 0; i < spills.length; i++) {
final long partitionLengthInSpill = spills[i].partitionLengths[partition];
if (partitionLengthInSpill > 0) {
InputStream partitionInputStream =
new LimitedInputStream(spillInputStreams[i], partitionLengthInSpill);
if (compressionCodec != null) {
partitionInputStream = compressionCodec.compressedInputStream(partitionInputStream);
}
ByteStreams.copy(partitionInputStream, mergedFileOutputStream);
}
}
mergedFileOutputStream.flush();
mergedFileOutputStream.close();
partitionLengths[partition] = (outputFile.length() - initialFileLength);
}
threwException = false;
} finally {
// To avoid masking exceptions that caused us to prematurely enter the finally block, only
// throw exceptions during cleanup if threwException == false.
for (InputStream stream : spillInputStreams) {
Closeables.close(stream, threwException);
}
Closeables.close(mergedFileOutputStream, threwException);
}
return partitionLengths;
}
@VisibleForTesting
void insertRecordIntoSorter(Product2<K, V> record) throws IOException {
assert (sorter != null);
final K key = record._1();
final int partitionId = partitioner.getPartition(key);
serBuffer.reset();
serOutputStream.writeKey(key, OBJECT_CLASS_TAG);
serOutputStream.writeValue(record._2(), OBJECT_CLASS_TAG);
serOutputStream.flush();
final int serializedRecordSize = serBuffer.size();
assert (serializedRecordSize > 0);
sorter.insertRecord(
serBuffer.getBuf(), Platform.BYTE_ARRAY_OFFSET, serializedRecordSize, partitionId);
}
private void assertPartitioner(Partitioner actualPartitioner, int expectedNumPartitions) {
assertTrue(actualPartitioner instanceof HashPartitioner);
assertEquals(expectedNumPartitions, actualPartitioner.numPartitions());
}
/**
* Merges spill files by using NIO's transferTo to concatenate spill partitions' bytes. This is
* only safe when the IO compression codec and serializer support concatenation of serialized
* streams.
*
* @return the partition lengths in the merged file.
*/
private long[] mergeSpillsWithTransferTo(SpillInfo[] spills, File outputFile) throws IOException {
assert (spills.length >= 2);
final int numPartitions = partitioner.numPartitions();
final long[] partitionLengths = new long[numPartitions];
final FileChannel[] spillInputChannels = new FileChannel[spills.length];
final long[] spillInputChannelPositions = new long[spills.length];
FileChannel mergedFileOutputChannel = null;
boolean threwException = true;
try {
for (int i = 0; i < spills.length; i++) {
spillInputChannels[i] = new FileInputStream(spills[i].file).getChannel();
}
// This file needs to opened in append mode in order to work around a Linux kernel bug that
// affects transferTo; see SPARK-3948 for more details.
mergedFileOutputChannel = new FileOutputStream(outputFile, true).getChannel();
long bytesWrittenToMergedFile = 0;
for (int partition = 0; partition < numPartitions; partition++) {
for (int i = 0; i < spills.length; i++) {
final long partitionLengthInSpill = spills[i].partitionLengths[partition];
long bytesToTransfer = partitionLengthInSpill;
final FileChannel spillInputChannel = spillInputChannels[i];
final long writeStartTime = System.nanoTime();
while (bytesToTransfer > 0) {
final long actualBytesTransferred =
spillInputChannel.transferTo(
spillInputChannelPositions[i], bytesToTransfer, mergedFileOutputChannel);
spillInputChannelPositions[i] += actualBytesTransferred;
bytesToTransfer -= actualBytesTransferred;
}
writeMetrics.incShuffleWriteTime(System.nanoTime() - writeStartTime);
bytesWrittenToMergedFile += partitionLengthInSpill;
partitionLengths[partition] += partitionLengthInSpill;
}
}
// Check the position after transferTo loop to see if it is in the right position and raise an
// exception if it is incorrect. The position will not be increased to the expected length
// after calling transferTo in kernel version 2.6.32. This issue is described at
// https://bugs.openjdk.java.net/browse/JDK-7052359 and SPARK-3948.
if (mergedFileOutputChannel.position() != bytesWrittenToMergedFile) {
throw new IOException(
"Current position "
+ mergedFileOutputChannel.position()
+ " does not equal expected "
+ "position "
+ bytesWrittenToMergedFile
+ " after transferTo. Please check your kernel"
+ " version to see if it is 2.6.32, as there is a kernel bug which will lead to "
+ "unexpected behavior when using transferTo. You can set spark.file.transferTo=false "
+ "to disable this NIO feature.");
}
threwException = false;
} finally {
// To avoid masking exceptions that caused us to prematurely enter the finally block, only
// throw exceptions during cleanup if threwException == false.
for (int i = 0; i < spills.length; i++) {
assert (spillInputChannelPositions[i] == spills[i].file.length());
Closeables.close(spillInputChannels[i], threwException);
}
Closeables.close(mergedFileOutputChannel, threwException);
}
return partitionLengths;
}
