BigInteger getResult(int n, int r) {
BigInteger ans;
ans = F[n];
ans = ans.divide(F[r]);
ans = ans.divide(F[n - r]);
return ans;
}
public static void num(String str) {
BigInteger a = new BigInteger(str);
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer("");
StringBuffer n = new StringBuffer("");
while (!(a.divide(div).equals(zero))) {
sb.insert(0, (char) (a.mod(div).intValue() + 96));
a = a.divide(div);
}
sb.insert(0, (char) (a.intValue() + 96));
for (int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++) {
if (i % 3 == 0 && i != 0) n.insert(0, ",");
n.insert(0, str.charAt(str.length() - i - 1));
}
while (sb.length() < 22) sb.append(" ");
System.out.println(sb + "" + n);
}
public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception {
Scanner cin = new Scanner(System.in);
BigInteger s, M;
int p, i;
while (cin.hasNext()) {
p = cin.nextInt();
s = BigInteger.valueOf(4);
M = BigInteger.ONE;
M = M.shiftLeft(p).subtract(BigInteger.ONE);
for (i = 0; i < p - 2; ++i) {
s = s.multiply(s).subtract(BigInteger.valueOf(2));
while (s.bitLength() > p) {
s = s.shiftRight(p).add(s.and(M));
}
}
if (s.compareTo(BigInteger.ZERO) == 0 || s.compareTo(M) == 0) {
System.out.println(0);
continue;
}
String ans = "";
while (s.compareTo(BigInteger.ZERO) > 0) {
long buf = s.mod(BigInteger.valueOf(16)).longValue();
ans += Integer.toHexString((int) buf);
s = s.divide(BigInteger.valueOf(16));
}
for (i = ans.length() - 1; i >= 0; --i) System.out.print(ans.charAt(i));
System.out.println();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
BigInteger a = BigInteger.valueOf(1), // without OO
b = 2, // with OO
c1 = a.negate().add(b.multiply(b)).add(b.divide(a)), // without OO
c2 = -a + b * b + b / a; // with OO
if (c1.compareTo(c2) < 0 || c1.compareTo(c2) > 0)
System.out.println("impossible"); // without OO
if (c1 < c2 || c1 > c2) System.out.println("impossible"); // with OO
HashMap<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();
if (!map.containsKey("qwe")) map.put("qwe", "asd"); // without OO
if (map["qwe"] == null) map["qwe"] = "asd"; // with OO
}
public static boolean check(long n, int p) {
BigInteger P = BigInteger.TEN.pow(p), Q = BigInteger.TEN.pow(p - 1);
BigInteger N = BigInteger.ONE, tmp = BigInteger.valueOf(2);
while (n > 0) {
if ((n % 2) == 1) {
N = N.multiply(tmp);
N = N.mod(P);
}
tmp = tmp.multiply(tmp);
tmp = tmp.mod(P);
n >>= 1;
}
N = N.divide(Q);
if (N.equals(BigInteger.ONE) || N.equals(BigInteger.valueOf(2))) return true;
else return false;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
PrintWriter pw;
Scanner sc;
try {
sc = new Scanner(new File("input.txt"));
BigInteger a, b, c;
a = sc.nextBigInteger();
b = sc.nextBigInteger();
c = a.divide(b);
// System.out.println(firstTeam+" "+secondTeam);
pw = new PrintWriter(new File("output.txt"));
pw.print(c);
pw.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(new BufferedInputStream(System.in));
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
int n = 1;
while (scanner.hasNextInt()) {
int a = scanner.nextInt();
int b = scanner.nextInt();
if (a == 0) break;
BigInteger sum = BigInteger.ZERO;
BigInteger bb = BigInteger.valueOf(b);
for (int i = 0; i < a; i++) sum = sum.add(scanner.nextBigInteger());
System.out.println(
"Bill #" + n + " costs " + sum + ": each friend should pay " + sum.divide(bb) + "\n");
n++;
}
}
public String getKDigits(int N, int K) {
BigInteger ret = new BigInteger("1");
BigInteger ten = new BigInteger("10");
for (int i = 1; i <= N; i++) {
ret = ret.multiply(new BigInteger(new Integer(i).toString()));
}
System.out.println(ret);
while (ret.mod(ten).equals(BigInteger.ZERO)) ret = ret.divide(ten);
String ans = ret.toString();
if (ans.length() > K) {
ans = ans.substring(ans.length() - K, ans.length());
}
return ans;
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(new BufferedInputStream(System.in));
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
while (scanner.hasNextInt()) {
int n = scanner.nextInt();
int k = scanner.nextInt();
BigInteger sum = BigInteger.ONE;
for (int i = n; i > n - k; i--) {
sum = sum.multiply(BigInteger.valueOf(i));
}
for (int i = 2; i <= k; i++) {
sum = sum.divide(BigInteger.valueOf(i));
}
System.out.println(sum.toString().length());
}
}