Exemplo n.º 1
0
  /**
   * Applies a mapping to a collation list.
   *
   * @param mapping Mapping
   * @param collationList Collation list
   * @return collation list with mapping applied to each field
   */
  public static List<RelCollation> apply(
      Mappings.TargetMapping mapping, List<RelCollation> collationList) {
    final List<RelCollation> newCollationList = new ArrayList<RelCollation>();
    for (RelCollation collation : collationList) {
      final List<RelFieldCollation> newFieldCollationList = new ArrayList<RelFieldCollation>();
      for (RelFieldCollation fieldCollation : collation.getFieldCollations()) {
        final RelFieldCollation newFieldCollation = apply(mapping, fieldCollation);
        if (newFieldCollation == null) {
          // This field is not mapped. Stop here. The leading edge
          // of the collation is still valid (although it's useless
          // if it's empty).
          break;
        }
        newFieldCollationList.add(newFieldCollation);
      }
      // Truncation to collations to their leading edge creates empty
      // and duplicate collations. Ignore these.
      if (!newFieldCollationList.isEmpty()) {
        final RelCollationImpl newCollation = new RelCollationImpl(newFieldCollationList);
        if (!newCollationList.contains(newCollation)) {
          newCollationList.add(newCollation);
        }
      }
    }

    // REVIEW: There might be redundant collations in the list. For example,
    // in {(x), (x, y)}, (x) is redundant because it is a leading edge of
    // another collation in the list. Could remove redundant collations.

    return newCollationList;
  }
Exemplo n.º 2
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 /**
  * Creates a relational expression which permutes the output fields of a relational expression
  * according to a permutation.
  *
  * <p>Optimizations:
  *
  * <ul>
  *   <li>If the relational expression is a {@link CalcRel} or {@link ProjectRel} which is already
  *       acting as a permutation, combines the new permutation with the old;
  *   <li>If the permutation is the identity, returns the original relational expression.
  * </ul>
  *
  * <p>If a permutation is combined with its inverse, these optimizations would combine to remove
  * them both.
  *
  * @param rel Relational expression
  * @param permutation Permutation to apply to fields
  * @param fieldNames Field names; if null, or if a particular entry is null, the name of the
  *     permuted field is used
  * @return relational expression which permutes its input fields
  */
 public static RelNode permute(RelNode rel, Permutation permutation, List<String> fieldNames) {
   if (permutation.isIdentity()) {
     return rel;
   }
   if (rel instanceof CalcRel) {
     CalcRel calcRel = (CalcRel) rel;
     Permutation permutation1 = calcRel.getProgram().getPermutation();
     if (permutation1 != null) {
       Permutation permutation2 = permutation.product(permutation1);
       return permute(rel, permutation2, null);
     }
   }
   if (rel instanceof ProjectRel) {
     Permutation permutation1 = ((ProjectRel) rel).getPermutation();
     if (permutation1 != null) {
       Permutation permutation2 = permutation.product(permutation1);
       return permute(rel, permutation2, null);
     }
   }
   final List<RelDataType> outputTypeList = new ArrayList<RelDataType>();
   final List<String> outputNameList = new ArrayList<String>();
   final List<RexNode> exprList = new ArrayList<RexNode>();
   final List<RexLocalRef> projectRefList = new ArrayList<RexLocalRef>();
   final List<RelDataTypeField> fields = rel.getRowType().getFieldList();
   for (int i = 0; i < permutation.getTargetCount(); i++) {
     int target = permutation.getTarget(i);
     final RelDataTypeField targetField = fields.get(target);
     outputTypeList.add(targetField.getType());
     outputNameList.add(
         ((fieldNames == null) || (fieldNames.size() <= i) || (fieldNames.get(i) == null))
             ? targetField.getName()
             : fieldNames.get(i));
     exprList.add(rel.getCluster().getRexBuilder().makeInputRef(fields.get(i).getType(), i));
     final int source = permutation.getSource(i);
     projectRefList.add(new RexLocalRef(source, fields.get(source).getType()));
   }
   final RexProgram program =
       new RexProgram(
           rel.getRowType(),
           exprList,
           projectRefList,
           null,
           rel.getCluster().getTypeFactory().createStructType(outputTypeList, outputNameList));
   return new CalcRel(
       rel.getCluster(),
       rel.getTraitSet(),
       rel,
       program.getOutputRowType(),
       program,
       Collections.<RelCollation>emptyList());
 }
Exemplo n.º 3
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  /** Variant of {@link #trimFields(RelNode, BitSet, Set)} for {@link TableFunctionRel}. */
  public TrimResult trimFields(
      TableFunctionRel tabFun, BitSet fieldsUsed, Set<RelDataTypeField> extraFields) {
    final RelDataType rowType = tabFun.getRowType();
    final int fieldCount = rowType.getFieldCount();
    List<RelNode> newInputs = new ArrayList<RelNode>();

    for (RelNode input : tabFun.getInputs()) {
      final int inputFieldCount = input.getRowType().getFieldCount();
      BitSet inputFieldsUsed = Util.bitSetBetween(0, inputFieldCount);

      // Create input with trimmed columns.
      final Set<RelDataTypeField> inputExtraFields = Collections.emptySet();
      TrimResult trimResult = trimChildRestore(tabFun, input, inputFieldsUsed, inputExtraFields);
      assert trimResult.right.isIdentity();
      newInputs.add(trimResult.left);
    }

    TableFunctionRel newTabFun = tabFun;
    if (!tabFun.getInputs().equals(newInputs)) {
      newTabFun = tabFun.copy(tabFun.getTraitSet(), newInputs);
    }
    assert newTabFun.getClass() == tabFun.getClass();

    // Always project all fields.
    Mapping mapping = Mappings.createIdentity(fieldCount);
    return new TrimResult(newTabFun, mapping);
  }
Exemplo n.º 4
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 /**
  * Applies a mapping to a list of field collations.
  *
  * @param mapping Mapping
  * @param fieldCollations Field collations
  * @return collations with mapping applied
  */
 public static List<RelFieldCollation> apply(
     Mapping mapping, List<RelFieldCollation> fieldCollations) {
   final List<RelFieldCollation> newFieldCollations =
       new ArrayList<RelFieldCollation>(fieldCollations.size());
   for (RelFieldCollation fieldCollation : fieldCollations) {
     newFieldCollations.add(apply(mapping, fieldCollation));
   }
   return newFieldCollations;
 }
Exemplo n.º 5
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  /**
   * Variant of {@link #trimFields(RelNode, BitSet, Set)} for {@link SetOpRel} (including UNION and
   * UNION ALL).
   */
  public TrimResult trimFields(
      SetOpRel setOp, BitSet fieldsUsed, Set<RelDataTypeField> extraFields) {
    final RelDataType rowType = setOp.getRowType();
    final int fieldCount = rowType.getFieldCount();
    int changeCount = 0;

    // Fennel abhors an empty row type, so pretend that the parent rel
    // wants the last field. (The last field is the least likely to be a
    // system field.)
    if (fieldsUsed.isEmpty()) {
      fieldsUsed.set(rowType.getFieldCount() - 1);
    }

    // Compute the desired field mapping. Give the consumer the fields they
    // want, in the order that they appear in the bitset.
    final Mapping mapping = createMapping(fieldsUsed, fieldCount);

    // Create input with trimmed columns.
    final List<RelNode> newInputs = new ArrayList<RelNode>();
    for (RelNode input : setOp.getInputs()) {
      TrimResult trimResult = trimChild(setOp, input, fieldsUsed, extraFields);
      RelNode newInput = trimResult.left;
      final Mapping inputMapping = trimResult.right;

      // We want "mapping", the input gave us "inputMapping", compute
      // "remaining" mapping.
      //    |                   |                |
      //    |---------------- mapping ---------->|
      //    |-- inputMapping -->|                |
      //    |                   |-- remaining -->|
      //
      // For instance, suppose we have columns [a, b, c, d],
      // the consumer asked for mapping = [b, d],
      // and the transformed input has columns inputMapping = [d, a, b].
      // remaining will permute [b, d] to [d, a, b].
      Mapping remaining = Mappings.divide(mapping, inputMapping);

      // Create a projection; does nothing if remaining is identity.
      newInput = CalcRel.projectMapping(newInput, remaining, null);

      if (input != newInput) {
        ++changeCount;
      }
      newInputs.add(newInput);
    }

    // If the input is unchanged, and we need to project all columns,
    // there's to do.
    if (changeCount == 0 && mapping.isIdentity()) {
      return new TrimResult(setOp, mapping);
    }

    RelNode newSetOp = setOp.copy(setOp.getTraitSet(), newInputs);
    return new TrimResult(newSetOp, mapping);
  }
Exemplo n.º 6
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 /**
  * Creates a relational expression which projects the output fields of a relational expression
  * according to a partial mapping.
  *
  * <p>A partial mapping is weaker than a permutation: every target has one source, but a source
  * may have 0, 1 or more than one targets. Usually the result will have fewer fields than the
  * source, unless some source fields are projected multiple times.
  *
  * <p>This method could optimize the result as {@link #permute} does, but does not at present.
  *
  * @param rel Relational expression
  * @param mapping Mapping from source fields to target fields. The mapping type must obey the
  *     constaints {@link MappingType#isMandatorySource()} and {@link
  *     MappingType#isSingleSource()}, as does {@link MappingType#InverseFunction}.
  * @param fieldNames Field names; if null, or if a particular entry is null, the name of the
  *     permuted field is used
  * @return relational expression which projects a subset of the input fields
  */
 public static RelNode projectMapping(RelNode rel, Mapping mapping, List<String> fieldNames) {
   assert mapping.getMappingType().isSingleSource();
   assert mapping.getMappingType().isMandatorySource();
   if (mapping.isIdentity()) {
     return rel;
   }
   final List<RelDataType> outputTypeList = new ArrayList<RelDataType>();
   final List<String> outputNameList = new ArrayList<String>();
   final List<RexNode> exprList = new ArrayList<RexNode>();
   final List<RexLocalRef> projectRefList = new ArrayList<RexLocalRef>();
   final List<RelDataTypeField> fields = rel.getRowType().getFieldList();
   for (int i = 0; i < fields.size(); i++) {
     final RelDataTypeField field = fields.get(i);
     exprList.add(rel.getCluster().getRexBuilder().makeInputRef(field.getType(), i));
   }
   for (int i = 0; i < mapping.getTargetCount(); i++) {
     int source = mapping.getSource(i);
     final RelDataTypeField sourceField = fields.get(source);
     outputTypeList.add(sourceField.getType());
     outputNameList.add(
         ((fieldNames == null) || (fieldNames.size() <= i) || (fieldNames.get(i) == null))
             ? sourceField.getName()
             : fieldNames.get(i));
     projectRefList.add(new RexLocalRef(source, sourceField.getType()));
   }
   final RexProgram program =
       new RexProgram(
           rel.getRowType(),
           exprList,
           projectRefList,
           null,
           rel.getCluster().getTypeFactory().createStructType(outputTypeList, outputNameList));
   return new CalcRel(
       rel.getCluster(),
       rel.getTraitSet(),
       rel,
       program.getOutputRowType(),
       program,
       Collections.<RelCollation>emptyList());
 }
Exemplo n.º 7
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 public RexNode visitCall(RexCall call) {
   List<RexNode> normalizedOperands = new ArrayList<RexNode>();
   int diffCount = 0;
   for (RexNode operand : call.getOperands()) {
     operand.accept(this);
     final RexNode normalizedOperand = lookup(operand);
     normalizedOperands.add(normalizedOperand);
     if (normalizedOperand != operand) {
       ++diffCount;
     }
   }
   if (diffCount > 0) {
     call = call.clone(call.getType(), normalizedOperands);
   }
   return register(call);
 }
Exemplo n.º 8
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 /**
  * Trims a child relational expression, then adds back a dummy project to restore the fields that
  * were removed.
  *
  * <p>Sounds pointless? It causes unused fields to be removed further down the tree (towards the
  * leaves), but it ensure that the consuming relational expression continues to see the same
  * fields.
  *
  * @param rel Relational expression
  * @param input Input relational expression, whose fields to trim
  * @param fieldsUsed Bitmap of fields needed by the consumer
  * @return New relational expression and its field mapping
  */
 protected TrimResult trimChildRestore(
     RelNode rel, RelNode input, BitSet fieldsUsed, Set<RelDataTypeField> extraFields) {
   TrimResult trimResult = trimChild(rel, input, fieldsUsed, extraFields);
   if (trimResult.right.isIdentity()) {
     return trimResult;
   }
   final RelDataType rowType = input.getRowType();
   List<RelDataTypeField> fieldList = rowType.getFieldList();
   final List<RexNode> exprList = new ArrayList<RexNode>();
   final List<String> nameList = rowType.getFieldNames();
   RexBuilder rexBuilder = rel.getCluster().getRexBuilder();
   assert trimResult.right.getSourceCount() == fieldList.size();
   for (int i = 0; i < fieldList.size(); i++) {
     int source = trimResult.right.getTargetOpt(i);
     RelDataTypeField field = fieldList.get(i);
     exprList.add(
         source < 0
             ? rexBuilder.makeZeroLiteral(field.getType())
             : rexBuilder.makeInputRef(field.getType(), source));
   }
   RelNode project = CalcRel.createProject(trimResult.left, exprList, nameList);
   return new TrimResult(project, Mappings.createIdentity(fieldList.size()));
 }
Exemplo n.º 9
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  /**
   * Variant of {@link #trimFields(RelNode, BitSet, Set)} for {@link org.eigenbase.rel.ValuesRel}.
   */
  public TrimResult trimFields(
      ValuesRel values, BitSet fieldsUsed, Set<RelDataTypeField> extraFields) {
    final RelDataType rowType = values.getRowType();
    final int fieldCount = rowType.getFieldCount();

    // If they are asking for no fields, we can't give them what they want,
    // because zero-column records are illegal. Give them the last field,
    // which is unlikely to be a system field.
    if (fieldsUsed.isEmpty()) {
      fieldsUsed = Util.bitSetBetween(fieldCount - 1, fieldCount);
    }

    // If all fields are used, return unchanged.
    if (fieldsUsed.equals(Util.bitSetBetween(0, fieldCount))) {
      Mapping mapping = Mappings.createIdentity(fieldCount);
      return new TrimResult(values, mapping);
    }

    List<List<RexLiteral>> newTuples = new ArrayList<List<RexLiteral>>();
    for (List<RexLiteral> tuple : values.getTuples()) {
      List<RexLiteral> newTuple = new ArrayList<RexLiteral>();
      for (int field : Util.toIter(fieldsUsed)) {
        newTuple.add(tuple.get(field));
      }
      newTuples.add(newTuple);
    }

    final Mapping mapping = createMapping(fieldsUsed, fieldCount);
    RelDataType newRowType =
        values
            .getCluster()
            .getTypeFactory()
            .createStructType(Mappings.apply3(mapping, rowType.getFieldList()));
    final ValuesRel newValues = new ValuesRel(values.getCluster(), newRowType, newTuples);
    return new TrimResult(newValues, mapping);
  }
Exemplo n.º 10
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 public Void visitFieldAccess(RexFieldAccess fieldAccess) {
   fieldAccessList.add(fieldAccess);
   return null;
 }
Exemplo n.º 11
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  /** Variant of {@link #trimFields(RelNode, BitSet, Set)} for {@link AggregateRel}. */
  public TrimResult trimFields(
      AggregateRel aggregate, BitSet fieldsUsed, Set<RelDataTypeField> extraFields) {
    // Fields:
    //
    // | sys fields | group fields | agg functions |
    //
    // Two kinds of trimming:
    //
    // 1. If agg rel has system fields but none of these are used, create an
    // agg rel with no system fields.
    //
    // 2. If aggregate functions are not used, remove them.
    //
    // But grouping fields stay, even if they are not used.

    final RelDataType rowType = aggregate.getRowType();

    // Compute which input fields are used.
    BitSet inputFieldsUsed = new BitSet();
    // 1. group fields are always used
    for (int i : Util.toIter(aggregate.getGroupSet())) {
      inputFieldsUsed.set(i);
    }
    // 2. agg functions
    for (AggregateCall aggCall : aggregate.getAggCallList()) {
      for (int i : aggCall.getArgList()) {
        inputFieldsUsed.set(i);
      }
    }

    // Create input with trimmed columns.
    final RelNode input = aggregate.getInput(0);
    final Set<RelDataTypeField> inputExtraFields = Collections.emptySet();
    final TrimResult trimResult = trimChild(aggregate, input, inputFieldsUsed, inputExtraFields);
    final RelNode newInput = trimResult.left;
    final Mapping inputMapping = trimResult.right;

    // If the input is unchanged, and we need to project all columns,
    // there's nothing to do.
    if (input == newInput && fieldsUsed.equals(Util.bitSetBetween(0, rowType.getFieldCount()))) {
      return new TrimResult(aggregate, Mappings.createIdentity(rowType.getFieldCount()));
    }

    // Which agg calls are used by our consumer?
    final int groupCount = aggregate.getGroupSet().cardinality();
    int j = groupCount;
    int usedAggCallCount = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < aggregate.getAggCallList().size(); i++) {
      if (fieldsUsed.get(j++)) {
        ++usedAggCallCount;
      }
    }

    // Offset due to the number of system fields having changed.
    Mapping mapping =
        Mappings.create(
            MappingType.InverseSurjection, rowType.getFieldCount(), groupCount + usedAggCallCount);

    final BitSet newGroupSet = Mappings.apply(inputMapping, aggregate.getGroupSet());

    // Populate mapping of where to find the fields. System and grouping
    // fields first.
    for (IntPair pair : inputMapping) {
      if (pair.source < groupCount) {
        mapping.set(pair.source, pair.target);
      }
    }

    // Now create new agg calls, and populate mapping for them.
    final List<AggregateCall> newAggCallList = new ArrayList<AggregateCall>();
    j = groupCount;
    for (AggregateCall aggCall : aggregate.getAggCallList()) {
      if (fieldsUsed.get(j)) {
        AggregateCall newAggCall =
            new AggregateCall(
                aggCall.getAggregation(),
                aggCall.isDistinct(),
                Mappings.apply2(inputMapping, aggCall.getArgList()),
                aggCall.getType(),
                aggCall.getName());
        if (newAggCall.equals(aggCall)) {
          newAggCall = aggCall; // immutable -> canonize to save space
        }
        mapping.set(j, groupCount + newAggCallList.size());
        newAggCallList.add(newAggCall);
      }
      ++j;
    }

    RelNode newAggregate =
        new AggregateRel(aggregate.getCluster(), newInput, newGroupSet, newAggCallList);

    assert newAggregate.getClass() == aggregate.getClass();

    return new TrimResult(newAggregate, mapping);
  }
Exemplo n.º 12
0
  /** Variant of {@link #trimFields(RelNode, BitSet, Set)} for {@link JoinRel}. */
  public TrimResult trimFields(JoinRel join, BitSet fieldsUsed, Set<RelDataTypeField> extraFields) {
    final RelDataType rowType = join.getRowType();
    final int fieldCount = rowType.getFieldCount();
    final RexNode conditionExpr = join.getCondition();
    final int systemFieldCount = join.getSystemFieldList().size();

    // Add in fields used in the condition.
    BitSet fieldsUsedPlus = (BitSet) fieldsUsed.clone();
    final Set<RelDataTypeField> combinedInputExtraFields =
        new LinkedHashSet<RelDataTypeField>(extraFields);
    RelOptUtil.InputFinder inputFinder =
        new RelOptUtil.InputFinder(fieldsUsedPlus, combinedInputExtraFields);
    conditionExpr.accept(inputFinder);

    // If no system fields are used, we can remove them.
    int systemFieldUsedCount = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < systemFieldCount; ++i) {
      if (fieldsUsed.get(i)) {
        ++systemFieldUsedCount;
      }
    }
    final int newSystemFieldCount;
    if (systemFieldUsedCount == 0) {
      newSystemFieldCount = 0;
    } else {
      newSystemFieldCount = systemFieldCount;
    }

    int offset = systemFieldCount;
    int changeCount = 0;
    int newFieldCount = newSystemFieldCount;
    List<RelNode> newInputs = new ArrayList<RelNode>(2);
    List<Mapping> inputMappings = new ArrayList<Mapping>();
    List<Integer> inputExtraFieldCounts = new ArrayList<Integer>();
    for (RelNode input : join.getInputs()) {
      final RelDataType inputRowType = input.getRowType();
      final int inputFieldCount = inputRowType.getFieldCount();

      // Compute required mapping.
      BitSet inputFieldsUsed = new BitSet(inputFieldCount);
      for (int bit : Util.toIter(fieldsUsedPlus)) {
        if (bit >= offset && bit < offset + inputFieldCount) {
          inputFieldsUsed.set(bit - offset);
        }
      }

      // If there are system fields, we automatically use the
      // corresponding field in each input.
      if (newSystemFieldCount > 0) {
        // calling with newSystemFieldCount == 0 should be safe but hits
        // http://bugs.sun.com/bugdatabase/view_bug.do?bug_id=6222207
        inputFieldsUsed.set(0, newSystemFieldCount);
      }

      // FIXME: We ought to collect extra fields for each input
      // individually. For now, we assume that just one input has
      // on-demand fields.
      Set<RelDataTypeField> inputExtraFields =
          input.getRowType().getField("_extra") == null
              ? Collections.<RelDataTypeField>emptySet()
              : combinedInputExtraFields;
      inputExtraFieldCounts.add(inputExtraFields.size());
      TrimResult trimResult = trimChild(join, input, inputFieldsUsed, inputExtraFields);
      newInputs.add(trimResult.left);
      if (trimResult.left != input) {
        ++changeCount;
      }

      final Mapping inputMapping = trimResult.right;
      inputMappings.add(inputMapping);

      // Move offset to point to start of next input.
      offset += inputFieldCount;
      newFieldCount += inputMapping.getTargetCount() + inputExtraFields.size();
    }

    Mapping mapping = Mappings.create(MappingType.InverseSurjection, fieldCount, newFieldCount);
    for (int i = 0; i < newSystemFieldCount; ++i) {
      mapping.set(i, i);
    }
    offset = systemFieldCount;
    int newOffset = newSystemFieldCount;
    for (int i = 0; i < inputMappings.size(); i++) {
      Mapping inputMapping = inputMappings.get(i);
      for (IntPair pair : inputMapping) {
        mapping.set(pair.source + offset, pair.target + newOffset);
      }
      offset += inputMapping.getSourceCount();
      newOffset += inputMapping.getTargetCount() + inputExtraFieldCounts.get(i);
    }

    if (changeCount == 0 && mapping.isIdentity()) {
      return new TrimResult(join, Mappings.createIdentity(fieldCount));
    }

    // Build new join.
    final RexVisitor<RexNode> shuttle =
        new RexPermuteInputsShuttle(mapping, newInputs.get(0), newInputs.get(1));
    RexNode newConditionExpr = conditionExpr.accept(shuttle);

    final JoinRel newJoin =
        join.copy(join.getTraitSet(), newConditionExpr, newInputs.get(0), newInputs.get(1));

    return new TrimResult(newJoin, mapping);
  }
Exemplo n.º 13
0
  /** Variant of {@link #trimFields(RelNode, BitSet, Set)} for {@link ProjectRel}. */
  public TrimResult trimFields(
      ProjectRel project, BitSet fieldsUsed, Set<RelDataTypeField> extraFields) {
    final RelDataType rowType = project.getRowType();
    final int fieldCount = rowType.getFieldCount();
    final RelNode input = project.getChild();
    final RelDataType inputRowType = input.getRowType();

    // Which fields are required from the input?
    BitSet inputFieldsUsed = new BitSet(inputRowType.getFieldCount());
    final Set<RelDataTypeField> inputExtraFields = new LinkedHashSet<RelDataTypeField>(extraFields);
    RelOptUtil.InputFinder inputFinder =
        new RelOptUtil.InputFinder(inputFieldsUsed, inputExtraFields);
    for (Ord<RexNode> ord : Ord.zip(project.getProjects())) {
      if (fieldsUsed.get(ord.i)) {
        ord.e.accept(inputFinder);
      }
    }

    // Create input with trimmed columns.
    TrimResult trimResult = trimChild(project, input, inputFieldsUsed, inputExtraFields);
    RelNode newInput = trimResult.left;
    final Mapping inputMapping = trimResult.right;

    // If the input is unchanged, and we need to project all columns,
    // there's nothing we can do.
    if (newInput == input && fieldsUsed.cardinality() == fieldCount) {
      return new TrimResult(project, Mappings.createIdentity(fieldCount));
    }

    // Some parts of the system can't handle rows with zero fields, so
    // pretend that one field is used.
    if (fieldsUsed.cardinality() == 0) {
      final Mapping mapping = Mappings.create(MappingType.InverseSurjection, fieldCount, 1);
      final RexLiteral expr =
          project.getCluster().getRexBuilder().makeExactLiteral(BigDecimal.ZERO);
      RelDataType newRowType =
          project
              .getCluster()
              .getTypeFactory()
              .createStructType(
                  Collections.singletonList(expr.getType()), Collections.singletonList("DUMMY"));
      ProjectRel newProject =
          new ProjectRel(
              project.getCluster(),
              project.getCluster().traitSetOf(RelCollationImpl.EMPTY),
              newInput,
              Collections.<RexNode>singletonList(expr),
              newRowType,
              project.getFlags());
      return new TrimResult(newProject, mapping);
    }

    // Build new project expressions, and populate the mapping.
    List<RexNode> newProjectExprList = new ArrayList<RexNode>();
    final RexVisitor<RexNode> shuttle = new RexPermuteInputsShuttle(inputMapping, newInput);
    final Mapping mapping =
        Mappings.create(MappingType.InverseSurjection, fieldCount, fieldsUsed.cardinality());
    for (Ord<RexNode> ord : Ord.zip(project.getProjects())) {
      if (fieldsUsed.get(ord.i)) {
        mapping.set(ord.i, newProjectExprList.size());
        RexNode newProjectExpr = ord.e.accept(shuttle);
        newProjectExprList.add(newProjectExpr);
      }
    }

    final RelDataType newRowType =
        project
            .getCluster()
            .getTypeFactory()
            .createStructType(Mappings.apply3(mapping, rowType.getFieldList()));

    final List<RelCollation> newCollations =
        RexUtil.apply(inputMapping, project.getCollationList());

    final RelNode newProject;
    if (RemoveTrivialProjectRule.isIdentity(
        newProjectExprList, newRowType, newInput.getRowType())) {
      // The new project would be the identity. It is equivalent to return
      // its child.
      newProject = newInput;
    } else {
      newProject =
          new ProjectRel(
              project.getCluster(),
              project
                  .getCluster()
                  .traitSetOf(
                      newCollations.isEmpty() ? RelCollationImpl.EMPTY : newCollations.get(0)),
              newInput,
              newProjectExprList,
              newRowType,
              project.getFlags());
      assert newProject.getClass() == project.getClass();
    }
    return new TrimResult(newProject, mapping);
  }