/**
 * A call site writer which replaces call site caching with static calls. This means that the
 * generated code looks more like Java code than dynamic Groovy code. Best effort is made to use JVM
 * instructions instead of calls to helper methods.
 *
 * @author Cedric Champeau
 */
public class StaticTypesCallSiteWriter extends CallSiteWriter implements Opcodes {

  private static final ClassNode INVOKERHELPER_TYPE = ClassHelper.make(InvokerHelper.class);
  private static final MethodNode GROOVYOBJECT_GETPROPERTY_METHOD =
      GROOVY_OBJECT_TYPE.getMethod(
          "getProperty", new Parameter[] {new Parameter(STRING_TYPE, "propertyName")});
  private static final MethodNode INVOKERHELPER_GETPROPERTY_METHOD =
      INVOKERHELPER_TYPE.getMethod(
          "getProperty",
          new Parameter[] {
            new Parameter(OBJECT_TYPE, "object"), new Parameter(STRING_TYPE, "propertyName")
          });
  private static final MethodNode INVOKERHELPER_GETPROPERTYSAFE_METHOD =
      INVOKERHELPER_TYPE.getMethod(
          "getPropertySafe",
          new Parameter[] {
            new Parameter(OBJECT_TYPE, "object"), new Parameter(STRING_TYPE, "propertyName")
          });
  private static final ClassNode COLLECTION_TYPE = make(Collection.class);
  private static final MethodNode COLLECTION_SIZE_METHOD =
      COLLECTION_TYPE.getMethod("size", Parameter.EMPTY_ARRAY);
  private static final MethodNode MAP_GET_METHOD =
      MAP_TYPE.getMethod("get", new Parameter[] {new Parameter(OBJECT_TYPE, "key")});

  private WriterController controller;

  public StaticTypesCallSiteWriter(final StaticTypesWriterController controller) {
    super(controller);
    this.controller = controller;
  }

  @Override
  public void generateCallSiteArray() {
    if (controller instanceof StaticTypesWriterController) {
      ((StaticTypesWriterController) controller).getRegularCallSiteWriter().generateCallSiteArray();
    } else {
      super.generateCallSiteArray();
    }
  }

  @Override
  public void makeCallSite(
      final Expression receiver,
      final String message,
      final Expression arguments,
      final boolean safe,
      final boolean implicitThis,
      final boolean callCurrent,
      final boolean callStatic) {}

  @Override
  public void makeGetPropertySite(
      Expression receiver,
      final String methodName,
      final boolean safe,
      final boolean implicitThis) {
    Object dynamic =
        receiver.getNodeMetaData(StaticCompilationMetadataKeys.RECEIVER_OF_DYNAMIC_PROPERTY);
    if (dynamic != null) {
      MethodNode target =
          safe ? INVOKERHELPER_GETPROPERTYSAFE_METHOD : INVOKERHELPER_GETPROPERTY_METHOD;
      MethodCallExpression mce =
          new MethodCallExpression(
              new ClassExpression(INVOKERHELPER_TYPE),
              target.getName(),
              new ArgumentListExpression(receiver, new ConstantExpression(methodName)));
      mce.setSafe(false);
      mce.setImplicitThis(false);
      mce.setMethodTarget(target);
      mce.visit(controller.getAcg());
      return;
    }
    TypeChooser typeChooser = controller.getTypeChooser();
    ClassNode classNode = controller.getClassNode();
    ClassNode receiverType =
        (ClassNode) receiver.getNodeMetaData(StaticCompilationMetadataKeys.PROPERTY_OWNER);
    if (receiverType == null) {
      receiverType = typeChooser.resolveType(receiver, classNode);
    }
    Object type = receiver.getNodeMetaData(StaticTypesMarker.INFERRED_TYPE);
    if (type == null && receiver instanceof VariableExpression) {
      Variable variable = ((VariableExpression) receiver).getAccessedVariable();
      if (variable instanceof Expression) {
        type = ((Expression) variable).getNodeMetaData(StaticTypesMarker.INFERRED_TYPE);
      }
    }
    if (type != null) {
      // in case a "flow type" is found, it is preferred to use it instead of
      // the declaration type
      receiverType = (ClassNode) type;
    }
    boolean isClassReceiver = false;
    if (isClassClassNodeWrappingConcreteType(receiverType)) {
      isClassReceiver = true;
      receiverType = receiverType.getGenericsTypes()[0].getType();
    }
    MethodVisitor mv = controller.getMethodVisitor();

    if (receiverType.isArray() && methodName.equals("length")) {
      receiver.visit(controller.getAcg());
      ClassNode arrayGetReturnType = typeChooser.resolveType(receiver, classNode);
      controller.getOperandStack().doGroovyCast(arrayGetReturnType);
      mv.visitInsn(ARRAYLENGTH);
      controller.getOperandStack().replace(int_TYPE);
      return;
    } else if ((receiverType.implementsInterface(COLLECTION_TYPE)
            || COLLECTION_TYPE.equals(receiverType))
        && ("size".equals(methodName) || "length".equals(methodName))) {
      MethodCallExpression expr =
          new MethodCallExpression(receiver, "size", ArgumentListExpression.EMPTY_ARGUMENTS);
      expr.setMethodTarget(COLLECTION_SIZE_METHOD);
      expr.setImplicitThis(implicitThis);
      expr.setSafe(safe);
      expr.visit(controller.getAcg());
      return;
    }
    if (makeGetPropertyWithGetter(receiver, receiverType, methodName, safe, implicitThis)) return;
    if (makeGetField(
        receiver,
        receiverType,
        methodName,
        implicitThis,
        samePackages(receiverType.getPackageName(), classNode.getPackageName()))) return;
    if (receiverType.isEnum()) {
      mv.visitFieldInsn(
          GETSTATIC,
          BytecodeHelper.getClassInternalName(receiverType),
          methodName,
          BytecodeHelper.getTypeDescription(receiverType));
      controller.getOperandStack().push(receiverType);
      return;
    }
    if (receiver instanceof ClassExpression) {
      if (makeGetField(
          receiver,
          receiver.getType(),
          methodName,
          implicitThis,
          samePackages(receiver.getType().getPackageName(), classNode.getPackageName()))) return;
      if (makeGetPropertyWithGetter(receiver, receiver.getType(), methodName, safe, implicitThis))
        return;
      if (makeGetPrivateFieldWithBridgeMethod(
          receiver, receiver.getType(), methodName, safe, implicitThis)) return;
    }
    if (isClassReceiver) {
      // we are probably looking for a property of the class
      if (makeGetPropertyWithGetter(receiver, CLASS_Type, methodName, safe, implicitThis)) return;
      if (makeGetField(receiver, CLASS_Type, methodName, false, true)) return;
    }
    if (makeGetPrivateFieldWithBridgeMethod(receiver, receiverType, methodName, safe, implicitThis))
      return;

    // GROOVY-5580, it is still possible that we're calling a superinterface property
    String getterName = "get" + MetaClassHelper.capitalize(methodName);
    if (receiverType.isInterface()) {
      Set<ClassNode> allInterfaces = receiverType.getAllInterfaces();
      MethodNode getterMethod = null;
      for (ClassNode anInterface : allInterfaces) {
        getterMethod = anInterface.getGetterMethod(getterName);
        if (getterMethod != null) break;
      }
      // GROOVY-5585
      if (getterMethod == null) {
        getterMethod = OBJECT_TYPE.getGetterMethod(getterName);
      }

      if (getterMethod != null) {
        MethodCallExpression call =
            new MethodCallExpression(receiver, getterName, ArgumentListExpression.EMPTY_ARGUMENTS);
        call.setMethodTarget(getterMethod);
        call.setImplicitThis(false);
        call.setSourcePosition(receiver);
        call.visit(controller.getAcg());
        return;
      }
    }

    // GROOVY-5568, we would be facing a DGM call, but instead of foo.getText(), have foo.text
    List<MethodNode> methods =
        findDGMMethodsByNameAndArguments(
            controller.getSourceUnit().getClassLoader(),
            receiverType,
            getterName,
            ClassNode.EMPTY_ARRAY);
    if (!methods.isEmpty()) {
      List<MethodNode> methodNodes = chooseBestMethod(receiverType, methods, ClassNode.EMPTY_ARRAY);
      if (methodNodes.size() == 1) {
        MethodNode getter = methodNodes.get(0);
        MethodCallExpression call =
            new MethodCallExpression(receiver, getterName, ArgumentListExpression.EMPTY_ARGUMENTS);
        call.setMethodTarget(getter);
        call.setImplicitThis(false);
        call.setSourcePosition(receiver);
        call.visit(controller.getAcg());
        return;
      }
    }

    boolean isStaticProperty =
        receiver instanceof ClassExpression
            && (receiverType.isDerivedFrom(receiver.getType())
                || receiverType.implementsInterface(receiver.getType()));

    if (!isStaticProperty) {
      if (receiverType.implementsInterface(MAP_TYPE) || MAP_TYPE.equals(receiverType)) {
        // for maps, replace map.foo with map.get('foo')
        writeMapDotProperty(receiver, methodName, mv, safe);
        return;
      }
      if (receiverType.implementsInterface(LIST_TYPE) || LIST_TYPE.equals(receiverType)) {
        writeListDotProperty(receiver, methodName, mv, safe);
        return;
      }
    }

    controller
        .getSourceUnit()
        .addError(
            new SyntaxException(
                "Access to "
                    + (receiver instanceof ClassExpression ? receiver.getType() : receiverType)
                        .toString(false)
                    + "#"
                    + methodName
                    + " is forbidden",
                receiver.getLineNumber(),
                receiver.getColumnNumber(),
                receiver.getLastLineNumber(),
                receiver.getLastColumnNumber()));
    controller.getMethodVisitor().visitInsn(ACONST_NULL);
    controller.getOperandStack().push(OBJECT_TYPE);
  }

  private void writeMapDotProperty(
      final Expression receiver,
      final String methodName,
      final MethodVisitor mv,
      final boolean safe) {
    receiver.visit(controller.getAcg()); // load receiver

    Label exit = new Label();
    if (safe) {
      Label doGet = new Label();
      mv.visitJumpInsn(IFNONNULL, doGet);
      controller.getOperandStack().remove(1);
      mv.visitInsn(ACONST_NULL);
      mv.visitJumpInsn(GOTO, exit);
      mv.visitLabel(doGet);
      receiver.visit(controller.getAcg());
    }

    mv.visitLdcInsn(methodName); // load property name
    mv.visitMethodInsn(
        INVOKEINTERFACE, "java/util/Map", "get", "(Ljava/lang/Object;)Ljava/lang/Object;", true);
    if (safe) {
      mv.visitLabel(exit);
    }
    controller.getOperandStack().replace(OBJECT_TYPE);
  }

  private void writeListDotProperty(
      final Expression receiver,
      final String methodName,
      final MethodVisitor mv,
      final boolean safe) {
    ClassNode componentType =
        (ClassNode) receiver.getNodeMetaData(StaticCompilationMetadataKeys.COMPONENT_TYPE);
    if (componentType == null) {
      componentType = OBJECT_TYPE;
    }
    // for lists, replace list.foo with:
    // def result = new ArrayList(list.size())
    // for (e in list) { result.add (e.foo) }
    // result
    CompileStack compileStack = controller.getCompileStack();

    Label exit = new Label();
    if (safe) {
      receiver.visit(controller.getAcg());
      Label doGet = new Label();
      mv.visitJumpInsn(IFNONNULL, doGet);
      controller.getOperandStack().remove(1);
      mv.visitInsn(ACONST_NULL);
      mv.visitJumpInsn(GOTO, exit);
      mv.visitLabel(doGet);
    }

    Variable tmpList = new VariableExpression("tmpList", make(ArrayList.class));
    int var = compileStack.defineTemporaryVariable(tmpList, false);
    Variable iterator = new VariableExpression("iterator", Iterator_TYPE);
    int it = compileStack.defineTemporaryVariable(iterator, false);
    Variable nextVar = new VariableExpression("next", componentType);
    final int next = compileStack.defineTemporaryVariable(nextVar, false);

    mv.visitTypeInsn(NEW, "java/util/ArrayList");
    mv.visitInsn(DUP);
    receiver.visit(controller.getAcg());
    mv.visitMethodInsn(INVOKEINTERFACE, "java/util/List", "size", "()I", true);
    controller.getOperandStack().remove(1);
    mv.visitMethodInsn(INVOKESPECIAL, "java/util/ArrayList", "<init>", "(I)V", false);
    mv.visitVarInsn(ASTORE, var);
    Label l1 = new Label();
    mv.visitLabel(l1);
    receiver.visit(controller.getAcg());
    mv.visitMethodInsn(
        INVOKEINTERFACE, "java/util/List", "iterator", "()Ljava/util/Iterator;", true);
    controller.getOperandStack().remove(1);
    mv.visitVarInsn(ASTORE, it);
    Label l2 = new Label();
    mv.visitLabel(l2);
    mv.visitVarInsn(ALOAD, it);
    mv.visitMethodInsn(INVOKEINTERFACE, "java/util/Iterator", "hasNext", "()Z", true);
    Label l3 = new Label();
    mv.visitJumpInsn(IFEQ, l3);
    mv.visitVarInsn(ALOAD, it);
    mv.visitMethodInsn(INVOKEINTERFACE, "java/util/Iterator", "next", "()Ljava/lang/Object;", true);
    mv.visitTypeInsn(CHECKCAST, BytecodeHelper.getClassInternalName(componentType));
    mv.visitVarInsn(ASTORE, next);
    Label l4 = new Label();
    mv.visitLabel(l4);
    mv.visitVarInsn(ALOAD, var);
    final ClassNode finalComponentType = componentType;
    PropertyExpression pexp =
        new PropertyExpression(
            new BytecodeExpression() {
              @Override
              public void visit(final MethodVisitor mv) {
                mv.visitVarInsn(ALOAD, next);
              }

              @Override
              public ClassNode getType() {
                return finalComponentType;
              }
            },
            methodName);
    pexp.visit(controller.getAcg());
    controller.getOperandStack().box();
    controller.getOperandStack().remove(1);
    mv.visitMethodInsn(INVOKEINTERFACE, "java/util/List", "add", "(Ljava/lang/Object;)Z", true);
    mv.visitInsn(POP);
    Label l5 = new Label();
    mv.visitLabel(l5);
    mv.visitJumpInsn(GOTO, l2);
    mv.visitLabel(l3);
    mv.visitVarInsn(ALOAD, var);
    if (safe) {
      mv.visitLabel(exit);
    }
    controller.getOperandStack().push(make(ArrayList.class));
    controller.getCompileStack().removeVar(next);
    controller.getCompileStack().removeVar(it);
    controller.getCompileStack().removeVar(var);
  }

  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
  private boolean makeGetPrivateFieldWithBridgeMethod(
      final Expression receiver,
      final ClassNode receiverType,
      final String fieldName,
      final boolean safe,
      final boolean implicitThis) {
    FieldNode field = receiverType.getField(fieldName);
    ClassNode classNode = controller.getClassNode();
    if (field != null
        && Modifier.isPrivate(field.getModifiers())
        && (StaticInvocationWriter.isPrivateBridgeMethodsCallAllowed(receiverType, classNode)
            || StaticInvocationWriter.isPrivateBridgeMethodsCallAllowed(classNode, receiverType))
        && !receiverType.equals(classNode)) {
      Map<String, MethodNode> accessors =
          (Map<String, MethodNode>)
              receiverType
                  .redirect()
                  .getNodeMetaData(StaticCompilationMetadataKeys.PRIVATE_FIELDS_ACCESSORS);
      if (accessors != null) {
        MethodNode methodNode = accessors.get(fieldName);
        if (methodNode != null) {
          MethodCallExpression mce =
              new MethodCallExpression(
                  receiver,
                  methodNode.getName(),
                  new ArgumentListExpression(
                      field.isStatic() ? new ConstantExpression(null) : receiver));
          mce.setMethodTarget(methodNode);
          mce.setSafe(safe);
          mce.setImplicitThis(implicitThis);
          mce.visit(controller.getAcg());
          return true;
        }
      }
    }
    return false;
  }

  @Override
  public void makeGroovyObjectGetPropertySite(
      final Expression receiver,
      final String methodName,
      final boolean safe,
      final boolean implicitThis) {
    TypeChooser typeChooser = controller.getTypeChooser();
    ClassNode classNode = controller.getClassNode();
    ClassNode receiverType = typeChooser.resolveType(receiver, classNode);
    if (receiver instanceof VariableExpression
        && ((VariableExpression) receiver).isThisExpression()
        && !controller.isInClosure()) {
      receiverType = classNode;
    }

    String property = methodName;
    if (implicitThis) {
      if (controller.getInvocationWriter() instanceof StaticInvocationWriter) {
        MethodCallExpression currentCall =
            ((StaticInvocationWriter) controller.getInvocationWriter()).getCurrentCall();
        if (currentCall != null
            && currentCall.getNodeMetaData(StaticTypesMarker.IMPLICIT_RECEIVER) != null) {
          property = (String) currentCall.getNodeMetaData(StaticTypesMarker.IMPLICIT_RECEIVER);
          String[] props = property.split("\\.");
          BytecodeExpression thisLoader =
              new BytecodeExpression() {
                @Override
                public void visit(final MethodVisitor mv) {
                  mv.visitVarInsn(ALOAD, 0); // load this
                }
              };
          thisLoader.setType(CLOSURE_TYPE);
          Expression pexp =
              new PropertyExpression(thisLoader, new ConstantExpression(props[0]), safe);
          for (int i = 1, propsLength = props.length; i < propsLength; i++) {
            final String prop = props[i];
            pexp.putNodeMetaData(StaticTypesMarker.INFERRED_TYPE, CLOSURE_TYPE);
            pexp = new PropertyExpression(pexp, prop);
          }
          pexp.visit(controller.getAcg());
          return;
        }
      }
    }

    if (makeGetPropertyWithGetter(receiver, receiverType, property, safe, implicitThis)) return;
    if (makeGetField(
        receiver,
        receiverType,
        property,
        implicitThis,
        samePackages(receiverType.getPackageName(), classNode.getPackageName()))) return;

    MethodCallExpression call =
        new MethodCallExpression(
            receiver, "getProperty", new ArgumentListExpression(new ConstantExpression(property)));
    call.setImplicitThis(implicitThis);
    call.setSafe(safe);
    call.setMethodTarget(GROOVYOBJECT_GETPROPERTY_METHOD);
    call.visit(controller.getAcg());
    return;
  }

  @Override
  public void makeCallSiteArrayInitializer() {}

  private boolean makeGetPropertyWithGetter(
      final Expression receiver,
      final ClassNode receiverType,
      final String methodName,
      final boolean safe,
      final boolean implicitThis) {
    // does a getter exists ?
    String getterName = "get" + MetaClassHelper.capitalize(methodName);
    MethodNode getterNode = receiverType.getGetterMethod(getterName);
    if (getterNode == null) {
      getterName = "is" + MetaClassHelper.capitalize(methodName);
      getterNode = receiverType.getGetterMethod(getterName);
    }
    if (getterNode != null
        && receiver instanceof ClassExpression
        && !CLASS_Type.equals(receiverType)
        && !getterNode.isStatic()) {
      return false;
    }

    // GROOVY-5561: if two files are compiled in the same source unit
    // and that one references the other, the getters for properties have not been
    // generated by the compiler yet (generated by the Verifier)
    PropertyNode propertyNode = receiverType.getProperty(methodName);
    if (propertyNode != null) {
      // it is possible to use a getter
      String prefix = "get";
      if (boolean_TYPE.equals(propertyNode.getOriginType())) {
        prefix = "is";
      }
      getterName = prefix + MetaClassHelper.capitalize(methodName);
      getterNode =
          new MethodNode(
              getterName,
              ACC_PUBLIC,
              propertyNode.getOriginType(),
              Parameter.EMPTY_ARRAY,
              ClassNode.EMPTY_ARRAY,
              EmptyStatement.INSTANCE);
      getterNode.setDeclaringClass(receiverType);
      if (propertyNode.isStatic()) getterNode.setModifiers(ACC_PUBLIC + ACC_STATIC);
    }
    if (getterNode != null) {
      MethodCallExpression call =
          new MethodCallExpression(receiver, getterName, ArgumentListExpression.EMPTY_ARGUMENTS);
      call.setSourcePosition(receiver);
      call.setMethodTarget(getterNode);
      call.setImplicitThis(implicitThis);
      call.setSafe(safe);
      call.visit(controller.getAcg());
      return true;
    }

    if (receiverType instanceof InnerClassNode && !receiverType.isStaticClass()) {
      if (makeGetPropertyWithGetter(
          receiver, receiverType.getOuterClass(), methodName, safe, implicitThis)) {
        return true;
      }
    }

    // go upper level
    ClassNode superClass = receiverType.getSuperClass();
    if (superClass != null) {
      return makeGetPropertyWithGetter(receiver, superClass, methodName, safe, implicitThis);
    }
    return false;
  }

  boolean makeGetField(
      final Expression receiver,
      final ClassNode receiverType,
      final String fieldName,
      final boolean implicitThis,
      final boolean samePackage) {
    FieldNode field = receiverType.getField(fieldName);
    // direct access is allowed if we are in the same class as the declaring class
    // or we are in an inner class
    if (field != null && isDirectAccessAllowed(field, controller.getClassNode(), samePackage)) {
      CompileStack compileStack = controller.getCompileStack();
      MethodVisitor mv = controller.getMethodVisitor();
      if (field.isStatic()) {
        mv.visitFieldInsn(
            GETSTATIC,
            BytecodeHelper.getClassInternalName(field.getOwner()),
            fieldName,
            BytecodeHelper.getTypeDescription(field.getOriginType()));
        controller.getOperandStack().push(field.getOriginType());
      } else {
        if (implicitThis) {
          compileStack.pushImplicitThis(implicitThis);
        }
        receiver.visit(controller.getAcg());
        if (implicitThis) compileStack.popImplicitThis();
        if (!controller.getOperandStack().getTopOperand().isDerivedFrom(field.getOwner())) {
          mv.visitTypeInsn(CHECKCAST, BytecodeHelper.getClassInternalName(field.getOwner()));
        }
        mv.visitFieldInsn(
            GETFIELD,
            BytecodeHelper.getClassInternalName(field.getOwner()),
            fieldName,
            BytecodeHelper.getTypeDescription(field.getOriginType()));
      }
      controller.getOperandStack().replace(field.getOriginType());
      return true;
    }
    ClassNode superClass = receiverType.getSuperClass();
    if (superClass != null) {
      return makeGetField(receiver, superClass, fieldName, implicitThis, false);
    }
    return false;
  }

  private static boolean samePackages(final String pkg1, final String pkg2) {
    return ((pkg1 == null && pkg2 == null) || pkg1 != null && pkg1.equals(pkg2));
  }

  private static boolean isDirectAccessAllowed(
      FieldNode a, ClassNode receiver, boolean isSamePackage) {
    ClassNode declaringClass = a.getDeclaringClass().redirect();
    ClassNode receiverType = receiver.redirect();

    // first, direct access from within the class or inner class nodes
    if (declaringClass.equals(receiverType)) return true;
    if (receiverType instanceof InnerClassNode) {
      while (receiverType != null && receiverType instanceof InnerClassNode) {
        if (declaringClass.equals(receiverType)) return true;
        receiverType = receiverType.getOuterClass();
      }
    }

    // no getter
    return a.isPublic() || (a.isProtected() && isSamePackage);
  }

  @Override
  public void makeSiteEntry() {}

  @Override
  public void prepareCallSite(final String message) {}

  @Override
  public void makeSingleArgumentCall(
      final Expression receiver, final String message, final Expression arguments) {
    TypeChooser typeChooser = controller.getTypeChooser();
    ClassNode classNode = controller.getClassNode();
    ClassNode rType = typeChooser.resolveType(receiver, classNode);
    ClassNode aType = typeChooser.resolveType(arguments, classNode);
    if (trySubscript(receiver, message, arguments, rType, aType)) {
      return;
    }
    // new try with flow type instead of declaration type
    rType = receiver.getNodeMetaData(StaticTypesMarker.INFERRED_TYPE);
    if (rType != null && trySubscript(receiver, message, arguments, rType, aType)) {
      return;
    }
    // todo: more cases
    throw new GroovyBugError(
        "At line "
            + receiver.getLineNumber()
            + " column "
            + receiver.getColumnNumber()
            + "\n"
            + "On receiver: "
            + receiver.getText()
            + " with message: "
            + message
            + " and arguments: "
            + arguments.getText()
            + "\n"
            + "This method should not have been called. Please try to create a simple example reproducing this error and file"
            + "a bug report at http://jira.codehaus.org/browse/GROOVY");
  }

  private boolean trySubscript(
      final Expression receiver,
      final String message,
      final Expression arguments,
      ClassNode rType,
      final ClassNode aType) {
    if (getWrapper(rType).isDerivedFrom(Number_TYPE)
        && getWrapper(aType).isDerivedFrom(Number_TYPE)) {
      if ("plus".equals(message)
          || "minus".equals(message)
          || "multiply".equals(message)
          || "div".equals(message)) {
        writeNumberNumberCall(receiver, message, arguments);
        return true;
      } else if ("power".equals(message)) {
        writePowerCall(receiver, arguments, rType, aType);
        return true;
      } else if ("mod".equals(message)) {
        writeModCall(receiver, arguments, rType, aType);
        return true;
      }
    } else if (STRING_TYPE.equals(rType) && "plus".equals(message)) {
      writeStringPlusCall(receiver, message, arguments);
      return true;
    } else if ("getAt".equals(message)) {
      if (rType.isArray() && getWrapper(aType).isDerivedFrom(Number_TYPE)) {
        writeArrayGet(receiver, arguments, rType, aType);
        return true;
      } else {
        // check if a getAt method can be found on the receiver
        ClassNode current = rType;
        MethodNode getAtNode = null;
        while (current != null && getAtNode == null) {
          getAtNode = current.getMethod("getAt", new Parameter[] {new Parameter(aType, "index")});
          if (getAtNode == null && isPrimitiveType(aType)) {
            getAtNode =
                current.getMethod(
                    "getAt", new Parameter[] {new Parameter(getWrapper(aType), "index")});
          } else if (getAtNode == null && aType.isDerivedFrom(Number_TYPE)) {
            getAtNode =
                current.getMethod(
                    "getAt", new Parameter[] {new Parameter(getUnwrapper(aType), "index")});
          }
          current = current.getSuperClass();
        }
        if (getAtNode != null) {
          MethodCallExpression call = new MethodCallExpression(receiver, "getAt", arguments);
          call.setSourcePosition(arguments);
          call.setImplicitThis(false);
          call.setMethodTarget(getAtNode);
          call.visit(controller.getAcg());
          return true;
        }

        // make sure Map#getAt() and List#getAt handled with the bracket syntax are properly
        // compiled
        ClassNode[] args = {aType};
        boolean acceptAnyMethod =
            MAP_TYPE.equals(rType)
                || rType.implementsInterface(MAP_TYPE)
                || LIST_TYPE.equals(rType)
                || rType.implementsInterface(LIST_TYPE);
        List<MethodNode> nodes =
            StaticTypeCheckingSupport.findDGMMethodsByNameAndArguments(
                controller.getSourceUnit().getClassLoader(), rType, message, args);
        if (nodes.isEmpty()) {
          // retry with raw types
          rType = rType.getPlainNodeReference();
          nodes =
              StaticTypeCheckingSupport.findDGMMethodsByNameAndArguments(
                  controller.getSourceUnit().getClassLoader(), rType, message, args);
        }
        nodes = StaticTypeCheckingSupport.chooseBestMethod(rType, nodes, args);
        if (nodes.size() == 1 || nodes.size() > 1 && acceptAnyMethod) {
          MethodNode methodNode = nodes.get(0);
          MethodCallExpression call = new MethodCallExpression(receiver, message, arguments);
          call.setSourcePosition(arguments);
          call.setImplicitThis(false);
          call.setMethodTarget(methodNode);
          call.visit(controller.getAcg());
          return true;
        }
        if (implementsInterfaceOrIsSubclassOf(rType, MAP_TYPE)) {
          // fallback to Map#get
          MethodCallExpression call = new MethodCallExpression(receiver, "get", arguments);
          call.setMethodTarget(MAP_GET_METHOD);
          call.setSourcePosition(arguments);
          call.setImplicitThis(false);
          call.visit(controller.getAcg());
          return true;
        }
      }
    }
    return false;
  }

  private void writeArrayGet(
      final Expression receiver,
      final Expression arguments,
      final ClassNode rType,
      final ClassNode aType) {
    OperandStack operandStack = controller.getOperandStack();
    int m1 = operandStack.getStackLength();
    // visit receiver
    receiver.visit(controller.getAcg());
    // visit arguments as array index
    arguments.visit(controller.getAcg());
    operandStack.doGroovyCast(int_TYPE);
    int m2 = operandStack.getStackLength();
    // array access
    controller.getMethodVisitor().visitInsn(AALOAD);
    operandStack.replace(rType.getComponentType(), m2 - m1);
  }

  private void writeModCall(
      Expression receiver, Expression arguments, ClassNode rType, ClassNode aType) {
    prepareSiteAndReceiver(receiver, "mod", false, controller.getCompileStack().isLHS());
    controller.getOperandStack().doGroovyCast(Number_TYPE);
    visitBoxedArgument(arguments);
    controller.getOperandStack().doGroovyCast(Number_TYPE);
    MethodVisitor mv = controller.getMethodVisitor();
    mv.visitMethodInsn(
        INVOKESTATIC,
        "org/codehaus/groovy/runtime/typehandling/NumberMath",
        "mod",
        "(Ljava/lang/Number;Ljava/lang/Number;)Ljava/lang/Number;",
        false);
    controller.getOperandStack().replace(Number_TYPE, 2);
  }

  private void writePowerCall(
      Expression receiver, Expression arguments, final ClassNode rType, ClassNode aType) {
    OperandStack operandStack = controller.getOperandStack();
    int m1 = operandStack.getStackLength();
    // slow Path
    prepareSiteAndReceiver(receiver, "power", false, controller.getCompileStack().isLHS());
    operandStack.doGroovyCast(getWrapper(rType));
    visitBoxedArgument(arguments);
    operandStack.doGroovyCast(getWrapper(aType));
    int m2 = operandStack.getStackLength();
    MethodVisitor mv = controller.getMethodVisitor();
    if (BigDecimal_TYPE.equals(rType) && Integer_TYPE.equals(getWrapper(aType))) {
      mv.visitMethodInsn(
          INVOKESTATIC,
          "org/codehaus/groovy/runtime/DefaultGroovyMethods",
          "power",
          "(Ljava/math/BigDecimal;Ljava/lang/Integer;)Ljava/lang/Number;",
          false);
    } else if (BigInteger_TYPE.equals(rType) && Integer_TYPE.equals(getWrapper(aType))) {
      mv.visitMethodInsn(
          INVOKESTATIC,
          "org/codehaus/groovy/runtime/DefaultGroovyMethods",
          "power",
          "(Ljava/math/BigInteger;Ljava/lang/Integer;)Ljava/lang/Number;",
          false);
    } else if (Long_TYPE.equals(getWrapper(rType)) && Integer_TYPE.equals(getWrapper(aType))) {
      mv.visitMethodInsn(
          INVOKESTATIC,
          "org/codehaus/groovy/runtime/DefaultGroovyMethods",
          "power",
          "(Ljava/lang/Long;Ljava/lang/Integer;)Ljava/lang/Number;",
          false);
    } else if (Integer_TYPE.equals(getWrapper(rType)) && Integer_TYPE.equals(getWrapper(aType))) {
      mv.visitMethodInsn(
          INVOKESTATIC,
          "org/codehaus/groovy/runtime/DefaultGroovyMethods",
          "power",
          "(Ljava/lang/Integer;Ljava/lang/Integer;)Ljava/lang/Number;",
          false);
    } else {
      mv.visitMethodInsn(
          INVOKESTATIC,
          "org/codehaus/groovy/runtime/DefaultGroovyMethods",
          "power",
          "(Ljava/lang/Number;Ljava/lang/Number;)Ljava/lang/Number;",
          false);
    }
    controller.getOperandStack().replace(Number_TYPE, m2 - m1);
  }

  private void writeStringPlusCall(
      final Expression receiver, final String message, final Expression arguments) {
    // todo: performance would be better if we created a StringBuilder
    OperandStack operandStack = controller.getOperandStack();
    int m1 = operandStack.getStackLength();
    // slow Path
    prepareSiteAndReceiver(receiver, message, false, controller.getCompileStack().isLHS());
    visitBoxedArgument(arguments);
    int m2 = operandStack.getStackLength();
    MethodVisitor mv = controller.getMethodVisitor();
    mv.visitMethodInsn(
        INVOKESTATIC,
        "org/codehaus/groovy/runtime/DefaultGroovyMethods",
        "plus",
        "(Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/Object;)Ljava/lang/String;",
        false);
    controller.getOperandStack().replace(STRING_TYPE, m2 - m1);
  }

  private void writeNumberNumberCall(
      final Expression receiver, final String message, final Expression arguments) {
    OperandStack operandStack = controller.getOperandStack();
    int m1 = operandStack.getStackLength();
    // slow Path
    prepareSiteAndReceiver(receiver, message, false, controller.getCompileStack().isLHS());
    controller.getOperandStack().doGroovyCast(Number_TYPE);
    visitBoxedArgument(arguments);
    controller.getOperandStack().doGroovyCast(Number_TYPE);
    int m2 = operandStack.getStackLength();
    MethodVisitor mv = controller.getMethodVisitor();
    mv.visitMethodInsn(
        INVOKESTATIC,
        "org/codehaus/groovy/runtime/dgmimpl/NumberNumber" + MetaClassHelper.capitalize(message),
        message,
        "(Ljava/lang/Number;Ljava/lang/Number;)Ljava/lang/Number;",
        false);
    controller.getOperandStack().replace(Number_TYPE, m2 - m1);
  }
}
/**
 * This visitor is responsible for amending the AST with static compilation metadata or transform
 * the AST so that a class or a method can be statically compiled. It may also throw errors specific
 * to static compilation which are not considered as an error at the type check pass. For example,
 * usage of spread operator is not allowed in statically compiled portions of code, while it may be
 * statically checked.
 *
 * <p>Static compilation relies on static type checking, which explains why this visitor extends the
 * type checker visitor.
 *
 * @author Cedric Champeau
 */
public class StaticCompilationVisitor extends StaticTypeCheckingVisitor {
  private static final ClassNode TYPECHECKED_CLASSNODE = ClassHelper.make(TypeChecked.class);
  private static final ClassNode COMPILESTATIC_CLASSNODE = ClassHelper.make(CompileStatic.class);
  private static final ClassNode[] TYPECHECKED_ANNOTATIONS = {
    TYPECHECKED_CLASSNODE, COMPILESTATIC_CLASSNODE
  };

  public static final ClassNode ARRAYLIST_CLASSNODE = ClassHelper.make(ArrayList.class);
  public static final MethodNode ARRAYLIST_CONSTRUCTOR;
  public static final MethodNode ARRAYLIST_ADD_METHOD =
      ARRAYLIST_CLASSNODE.getMethod(
          "add", new Parameter[] {new Parameter(ClassHelper.OBJECT_TYPE, "o")});

  static {
    ARRAYLIST_CONSTRUCTOR =
        new ConstructorNode(
            ACC_PUBLIC, Parameter.EMPTY_ARRAY, ClassNode.EMPTY_ARRAY, EmptyStatement.INSTANCE);
    ARRAYLIST_CONSTRUCTOR.setDeclaringClass(StaticCompilationVisitor.ARRAYLIST_CLASSNODE);
  }

  private final TypeChooser typeChooser = new StaticTypesTypeChooser();

  private ClassNode classNode;

  public StaticCompilationVisitor(final SourceUnit unit, final ClassNode node) {
    super(unit, node);
  }

  @Override
  protected ClassNode[] getTypeCheckingAnnotations() {
    return TYPECHECKED_ANNOTATIONS;
  }

  public static boolean isStaticallyCompiled(AnnotatedNode node) {
    if (node.getNodeMetaData(STATIC_COMPILE_NODE) != null)
      return (Boolean) node.getNodeMetaData(STATIC_COMPILE_NODE);
    if (node instanceof MethodNode) {
      return isStaticallyCompiled(node.getDeclaringClass());
    }
    if (node instanceof InnerClassNode) {
      return isStaticallyCompiled(((InnerClassNode) node).getOuterClass());
    }
    return false;
  }

  private void addPrivateFieldAndMethodAccessors(ClassNode node) {
    addPrivateBridgeMethods(node);
    addPrivateFieldsAccessors(node);
    Iterator<InnerClassNode> it = node.getInnerClasses();
    while (it.hasNext()) {
      addPrivateFieldAndMethodAccessors(it.next());
    }
  }

  @Override
  public void visitClass(final ClassNode node) {
    boolean skip = shouldSkipClassNode(node);
    if (!skip && !anyMethodSkip(node)) {
      node.putNodeMetaData(MopWriter.Factory.class, StaticCompilationMopWriter.FACTORY);
    }
    ClassNode oldCN = classNode;
    classNode = node;
    Iterator<InnerClassNode> innerClasses = classNode.getInnerClasses();
    while (innerClasses.hasNext()) {
      InnerClassNode innerClassNode = innerClasses.next();
      boolean innerStaticCompile = !(skip || isSkippedInnerClass(innerClassNode));
      innerClassNode.putNodeMetaData(STATIC_COMPILE_NODE, innerStaticCompile);
      innerClassNode.putNodeMetaData(
          WriterControllerFactory.class, node.getNodeMetaData(WriterControllerFactory.class));
      if (innerStaticCompile && !anyMethodSkip(innerClassNode)) {
        innerClassNode.putNodeMetaData(MopWriter.Factory.class, StaticCompilationMopWriter.FACTORY);
      }
    }
    super.visitClass(node);
    addPrivateFieldAndMethodAccessors(node);
    classNode = oldCN;
  }

  private boolean anyMethodSkip(final ClassNode node) {
    for (MethodNode methodNode : node.getMethods()) {
      if (isSkipMode(methodNode)) return true;
    }
    return false;
  }

  /**
   * If we are in a constructor, that is static compiled, but in a class, that is not, it may happen
   * that init code from object initializers, fields or properties is added into the constructor
   * code. The backend assumes a purely static contructor, so it may fail if it encounters dynamic
   * code here. Thus we make this kind of code fail
   */
  private void checkForConstructorWithCSButClassWithout(MethodNode node) {
    if (!(node instanceof ConstructorNode)) return;
    Object meta = node.getNodeMetaData(STATIC_COMPILE_NODE);
    if (!Boolean.TRUE.equals(meta)) return;
    ClassNode clz = typeCheckingContext.getEnclosingClassNode();
    meta = clz.getNodeMetaData(STATIC_COMPILE_NODE);
    if (Boolean.TRUE.equals(meta)) return;
    if (clz.getObjectInitializerStatements().isEmpty()
        && clz.getFields().isEmpty()
        && clz.getProperties().isEmpty()) {
      return;
    }

    addStaticTypeError(
        "Cannot statically compile constructor implicitly including non static elements from object initializers, properties or fields.",
        node);
  }

  @Override
  public void visitMethod(final MethodNode node) {
    if (isSkipMode(node)) {
      node.putNodeMetaData(STATIC_COMPILE_NODE, false);
    }
    super.visitMethod(node);
    checkForConstructorWithCSButClassWithout(node);
  }

  /** Adds special accessors for private constants so that inner classes can retrieve them. */
  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
  private void addPrivateFieldsAccessors(ClassNode node) {
    Set<ASTNode> accessedFields =
        (Set<ASTNode>) node.getNodeMetaData(StaticTypesMarker.PV_FIELDS_ACCESS);
    if (accessedFields == null) return;
    Map<String, MethodNode> privateConstantAccessors =
        (Map<String, MethodNode>) node.getNodeMetaData(PRIVATE_FIELDS_ACCESSORS);
    if (privateConstantAccessors != null) {
      // already added
      return;
    }
    int acc = -1;
    privateConstantAccessors = new HashMap<String, MethodNode>();
    final int access = Opcodes.ACC_STATIC | Opcodes.ACC_PUBLIC | Opcodes.ACC_SYNTHETIC;
    for (FieldNode fieldNode : node.getFields()) {
      if (accessedFields.contains(fieldNode)) {

        acc++;
        Parameter param = new Parameter(node.getPlainNodeReference(), "$that");
        Expression receiver =
            fieldNode.isStatic() ? new ClassExpression(node) : new VariableExpression(param);
        Statement stmt =
            new ExpressionStatement(new PropertyExpression(receiver, fieldNode.getName()));
        MethodNode accessor =
            node.addMethod(
                "pfaccess$" + acc,
                access,
                fieldNode.getOriginType(),
                new Parameter[] {param},
                ClassNode.EMPTY_ARRAY,
                stmt);
        privateConstantAccessors.put(fieldNode.getName(), accessor);
      }
    }
    node.setNodeMetaData(PRIVATE_FIELDS_ACCESSORS, privateConstantAccessors);
  }

  /**
   * This method is used to add "bridge" methods for private methods of an inner/outer class, so
   * that the outer class is capable of calling them. It does basically the same job as access$000
   * like methods in Java.
   *
   * @param node an inner/outer class node for which to generate bridge methods
   */
  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
  private void addPrivateBridgeMethods(final ClassNode node) {
    Set<ASTNode> accessedMethods =
        (Set<ASTNode>) node.getNodeMetaData(StaticTypesMarker.PV_METHODS_ACCESS);
    if (accessedMethods == null) return;
    List<MethodNode> methods = new ArrayList<MethodNode>(node.getAllDeclaredMethods());
    Map<MethodNode, MethodNode> privateBridgeMethods =
        (Map<MethodNode, MethodNode>) node.getNodeMetaData(PRIVATE_BRIDGE_METHODS);
    if (privateBridgeMethods != null) {
      // private bridge methods already added
      return;
    }
    privateBridgeMethods = new HashMap<MethodNode, MethodNode>();
    int i = -1;
    final int access = Opcodes.ACC_STATIC | Opcodes.ACC_PUBLIC | Opcodes.ACC_SYNTHETIC;
    for (MethodNode method : methods) {
      if (accessedMethods.contains(method)) {
        i++;
        Parameter[] methodParameters = method.getParameters();
        Parameter[] newParams = new Parameter[methodParameters.length + 1];
        System.arraycopy(methodParameters, 0, newParams, 1, methodParameters.length);
        newParams[0] = new Parameter(node.getPlainNodeReference(), "$that");
        Expression arguments;
        if (method.getParameters() == null || method.getParameters().length == 0) {
          arguments = ArgumentListExpression.EMPTY_ARGUMENTS;
        } else {
          List<Expression> args = new LinkedList<Expression>();
          for (Parameter parameter : methodParameters) {
            args.add(new VariableExpression(parameter));
          }
          arguments = new ArgumentListExpression(args);
        }
        Expression receiver =
            method.isStatic() ? new ClassExpression(node) : new VariableExpression(newParams[0]);
        MethodCallExpression mce = new MethodCallExpression(receiver, method.getName(), arguments);
        mce.setMethodTarget(method);

        ExpressionStatement returnStatement = new ExpressionStatement(mce);
        MethodNode bridge =
            node.addMethod(
                "access$" + i,
                access,
                method.getReturnType(),
                newParams,
                method.getExceptions(),
                returnStatement);
        privateBridgeMethods.put(method, bridge);
        bridge.addAnnotation(new AnnotationNode(COMPILESTATIC_CLASSNODE));
      }
    }
    if (!privateBridgeMethods.isEmpty()) {
      node.setNodeMetaData(PRIVATE_BRIDGE_METHODS, privateBridgeMethods);
    }
  }

  private void memorizeInitialExpressions(final MethodNode node) {
    // add node metadata for default parameters because they are erased by the Verifier
    if (node.getParameters() != null) {
      for (Parameter parameter : node.getParameters()) {
        parameter.putNodeMetaData(
            StaticTypesMarker.INITIAL_EXPRESSION, parameter.getInitialExpression());
      }
    }
  }

  @Override
  public void visitSpreadExpression(final SpreadExpression expression) {}

  @Override
  public void visitMethodCallExpression(final MethodCallExpression call) {
    super.visitMethodCallExpression(call);

    MethodNode target = (MethodNode) call.getNodeMetaData(DIRECT_METHOD_CALL_TARGET);
    if (target != null) {
      call.setMethodTarget(target);
      memorizeInitialExpressions(target);
    }

    if (call.getMethodTarget() == null && call.getLineNumber() > 0) {
      addError("Target method for method call expression hasn't been set", call);
    }
  }

  @Override
  public void visitConstructorCallExpression(final ConstructorCallExpression call) {
    super.visitConstructorCallExpression(call);

    MethodNode target = (MethodNode) call.getNodeMetaData(DIRECT_METHOD_CALL_TARGET);
    if (target == null && call.getLineNumber() > 0) {
      addError("Target constructor for constructor call expression hasn't been set", call);
    } else {
      if (target == null) {
        // try to find a target
        ArgumentListExpression argumentListExpression =
            InvocationWriter.makeArgumentList(call.getArguments());
        List<Expression> expressions = argumentListExpression.getExpressions();
        ClassNode[] args = new ClassNode[expressions.size()];
        for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
          args[i] = typeChooser.resolveType(expressions.get(i), classNode);
        }
        MethodNode constructor =
            findMethodOrFail(
                call, call.isSuperCall() ? classNode.getSuperClass() : classNode, "<init>", args);
        call.putNodeMetaData(DIRECT_METHOD_CALL_TARGET, constructor);
        target = constructor;
      }
    }
    if (target != null) {
      memorizeInitialExpressions(target);
    }
  }

  @Override
  public void visitForLoop(final ForStatement forLoop) {
    super.visitForLoop(forLoop);
    Expression collectionExpression = forLoop.getCollectionExpression();
    if (!(collectionExpression instanceof ClosureListExpression)) {
      final ClassNode collectionType = getType(forLoop.getCollectionExpression());
      ClassNode componentType = inferLoopElementType(collectionType);
      forLoop.getVariable().setType(componentType);
      forLoop.getVariable().setOriginType(componentType);
    }
  }

  @Override
  protected MethodNode findMethodOrFail(
      final Expression expr, final ClassNode receiver, final String name, final ClassNode... args) {
    MethodNode methodNode = super.findMethodOrFail(expr, receiver, name, args);
    if (expr instanceof BinaryExpression && methodNode != null) {
      expr.putNodeMetaData(BINARY_EXP_TARGET, new Object[] {methodNode, name});
    }
    return methodNode;
  }

  @Override
  protected boolean existsProperty(
      final PropertyExpression pexp,
      final boolean checkForReadOnly,
      final ClassCodeVisitorSupport visitor) {
    Expression objectExpression = pexp.getObjectExpression();
    ClassNode objectExpressionType = getType(objectExpression);
    final Reference<ClassNode> rType = new Reference<ClassNode>(objectExpressionType);
    ClassCodeVisitorSupport receiverMemoizer =
        new ClassCodeVisitorSupport() {
          @Override
          protected SourceUnit getSourceUnit() {
            return null;
          }

          public void visitField(final FieldNode node) {
            if (visitor != null) visitor.visitField(node);
            ClassNode declaringClass = node.getDeclaringClass();
            if (declaringClass != null) rType.set(declaringClass);
          }

          public void visitMethod(final MethodNode node) {
            if (visitor != null) visitor.visitMethod(node);
            ClassNode declaringClass = node.getDeclaringClass();
            if (declaringClass != null) rType.set(declaringClass);
          }

          @Override
          public void visitProperty(final PropertyNode node) {
            if (visitor != null) visitor.visitProperty(node);
            ClassNode declaringClass = node.getDeclaringClass();
            if (declaringClass != null) rType.set(declaringClass);
          }
        };
    boolean exists = super.existsProperty(pexp, checkForReadOnly, receiverMemoizer);
    if (exists) {
      if (objectExpression.getNodeMetaData(StaticCompilationMetadataKeys.PROPERTY_OWNER) == null) {
        objectExpression.putNodeMetaData(StaticCompilationMetadataKeys.PROPERTY_OWNER, rType.get());
      }
      if (StaticTypeCheckingSupport.implementsInterfaceOrIsSubclassOf(
          objectExpressionType, ClassHelper.LIST_TYPE)) {
        objectExpression.putNodeMetaData(
            COMPONENT_TYPE, inferComponentType(objectExpressionType, ClassHelper.int_TYPE));
      }
    }
    return exists;
  }

  @Override
  public void visitPropertyExpression(final PropertyExpression pexp) {
    super.visitPropertyExpression(pexp);
    Object dynamic = pexp.getNodeMetaData(StaticTypesMarker.DYNAMIC_RESOLUTION);
    if (dynamic != null) {
      pexp.getObjectExpression()
          .putNodeMetaData(StaticCompilationMetadataKeys.RECEIVER_OF_DYNAMIC_PROPERTY, dynamic);
    }
  }
}