// ship should be 'A', 'B', 'C', or 'D'
  // loc should be validated
  // Orientation should be determined by the view/controller from user input
  public boolean placeShip(boolean isPlayer1, char ship, String loc, Orientation o) {
    Ship shipToPlace = getShip(ship);
    int startRow = getRow(loc);
    int startCol = getCol(loc);
    int dx = o.dx;
    int dy = o.dy;

    // attempt to place the ship in each BoardSquare
    for (int i = 0; i < shipToPlace.getLength(); i++) {
      int row = startRow + i * dy;
      int col = startCol + i * dx;
      Ship toChange = (isPlayer1) ? board[row][col].P1Ship : board[row][col].P2Ship;

      if (row < 0 || row > 9 || col < 0 || col > 9 || toChange != null) {
        shipToPlace = null;
        return false;
      } else {
        toChange = shipToPlace;
      }
    }
    // incrementShipCount()
    if (isPlayer1) {
      player1ShipCount++;
    } else {
      player2ShipCount++;
    }
    return true;
  }
  // returns "Hit", "Miss", "Hit and sunk <ship_name>", or "Unsuccessful"
  public String makeShot(boolean isPlayer1, String loc) {
    int row = getRow(loc);
    int col = getCol(loc);
    BoardSquare current = board[row][col];

    boolean isShot = (isPlayer1) ? current.P1Offensive : current.P2Offensive;
    if (isShot) {
      return "Unsuccessful";
    } else {
      // loc has not been shot by player, set it as shot
      if (isPlayer1) {
        current.P1Offensive = true;
      } else {
        current.P2Offensive = true;
      }

      Ship target = (isPlayer1) ? board[row][col].P2Ship : board[row][col].P1Ship;
      if (target == null) {
        return "Miss";
      } else {
        target.damage++;
        if (target.damage == target.getLength()) {
          // ship is destroyed, decrement ship count
          if (isPlayer1) {
            player2ShipCount--;
          } else {
            player2ShipCount--;
          }
          isGameOver = player1ShipCount <= 0 || player2ShipCount <= 0;

          String playerName = (isPlayer1) ? player1Name : player2Name;
          return "Hit and sunk " + playerName + "'s " + target.getReference() + "!";
        }
      }
      return "Hit";
    }
  }