// Adds the string corresponding to the given newSequences to the
// set allSequencesAsCode. The latter set is intended to mirror
// the set allSequences, but stores strings instead of Sequences.
protected void randoopConsistencyTest2(Sequence newSequence) {
Tracer.trace("randoopConsistencyTest2");
// Testing code.
if (GenInputsAbstract.debug_checks) {
Tracer.trace("debug_checks@randoopConsistencyTest2");
this.allsequencesAsCode.add(newSequence.toCodeString());
this.allsequencesAsList.add(newSequence);
}
Tracer.trace("NO debug_checks@randoopConsistencyTest2");
}
// Checks that the set allSequencesAsCode contains a set of strings
// equivalent to the sequences in allSequences.
protected void randoopConsistencyTests(Sequence newSequence) {
Tracer.trace("randoopConsistencyTests");
// Testing code.
if (GenInputsAbstract.debug_checks) {
Tracer.trace("debug_checks@randoopConsistencyTests");
String code = newSequence.toCodeString();
if (this.allSequences.contains(newSequence)) {
if (!this.allsequencesAsCode.contains(code)) {
throw new IllegalStateException(code);
}
} else {
Tracer.trace("NO debug_checks@randoopConsistencyTests");
if (this.allsequencesAsCode.contains(code)) {
int index = this.allsequencesAsCode.indexOf(code);
StringBuilder b = new StringBuilder();
Sequence co = this.allsequencesAsList.get(index);
co.equals(newSequence);
b.append(
"new component:"
+ Globals.lineSep
+ ""
+ newSequence.toString()
+ ""
+ Globals.lineSep
+ "as code:"
+ Globals.lineSep
+ ""
+ code
+ Globals.lineSep);
b.append(
"existing component:"
+ Globals.lineSep
+ ""
+ this.allsequencesAsList.get(index).toString()
+ ""
+ Globals.lineSep
+ "as code:"
+ Globals.lineSep
+ ""
+ this.allsequencesAsList.get(index).toCodeString());
throw new IllegalStateException(b.toString());
}
}
}
}
/**
* The runtimePrimitivesSeen set contains primitive values seen during generation/execution and is
* used to determine new values that should be added to the component set. The component set
* initially contains a set of primitive sequences; this method puts those primitives in this set.
*/
private void initializeRuntimePrimitivesSeen() {
Tracer.trace("initializeRuntimePrimitivesSeen");
for (Sequence s : componentManager.getAllPrimitiveSequences()) {
ExecutableSequence es = new ExecutableSequence(s);
es.execute(null);
NormalExecution e = (NormalExecution) es.getResult(0);
Object runtimeValue = e.getRuntimeValue();
runtimePrimitivesSeen.add(runtimeValue);
}
}
public ForwardGenerator(
List<StatementKind> statements,
long timeMillis,
int maxSequences,
ComponentManager componentManager,
IStopper stopper,
RandoopListenerManager listenerManager,
List<ITestFilter> fs) {
super(statements, timeMillis, maxSequences, componentManager, stopper, listenerManager, fs);
Tracer.trace("ForwardGenerator<init>");
this.allSequences = new LinkedHashSet<Sequence>();
initializeRuntimePrimitivesSeen();
}
public ExecutableSequence step() {
Tracer.trace("step");
long startTime = System.nanoTime();
if (componentManager.numGeneratedSequences() % GenInputsAbstract.clear == 0) {
Tracer.trace("clear@step");
componentManager.clearGeneratedSequences();
}
Tracer.trace("Not clear@step");
ExecutableSequence eSeq = null;
eSeq = createNewUniqueSequence();
if (eSeq == null) {
return null;
}
assert eSeq != null;
Tracer.trace("donotexestep");
if (GenInputsAbstract.dontexecute) {
Tracer.trace("dontexecute@donotexestep");
this.componentManager.addGeneratedSequence(eSeq.sequence);
return null;
}
Tracer.trace("NOT dontexecute@donotexestep");
AbstractGenerator.currSeq = eSeq.sequence;
long endTime = System.nanoTime();
long gentime = endTime - startTime;
startTime = endTime; // reset start time.
eSeq.execute(executionVisitor);
endTime = System.nanoTime();
eSeq.exectime = endTime - startTime;
startTime = endTime; // reset start time.
processSequence(eSeq);
if (eSeq.sequence.hasActiveFlags()) {
componentManager.addGeneratedSequence(eSeq.sequence);
}
endTime = System.nanoTime();
gentime += endTime - startTime;
eSeq.gentime = gentime;
return eSeq;
}
@Override
public int numSequences() {
Tracer.trace("numSequences");
return allSequences.size();
}
/**
* Returns the set of sequences that are used as inputs in other sequences (and can thus be
* thought of as subsumed by another sequence).
*/
public Set<Sequence> subsumed_sequences() {
Tracer.trace("subsumed_sequences");
return subsumed_sequences;
}
public void setObjectCache(ObjectCache newCache) {
Tracer.trace("setObjectCache");
if (newCache == null) throw new IllegalArgumentException();
this.objectCache = newCache;
}
// This method is responsible for doing two things:
//
// 1. Selecting at random a collection of sequences that can be used to
// create input values for the given statement, and
//
// 2. Selecting at random valid indices to the above sequence specifying
// the values to be used as input to the statement.
//
// The selected sequences and indices are wrapped in an InputsAndSuccessFlag
// object and returned. If an appropriate collection of sequences and indices
// was not found (e.g. because there are no sequences in the componentManager
// that create values of some type required by the statement), the success flag
// of the returned object is false.
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
private InputsAndSuccessFlag selectInputs(StatementKind statement) {
Tracer.trace("selectInputs");
// Variable inputTypes containsthe values required as input to the
// statement given as a parameter to the selectInputs method.
List<Class<?>> inputTypes = statement.getInputTypes();
// The rest of the code in this method will attempt to create
// a sequence that creates at least one value of type T for
// every type T in inputTypes, and thus can be used to create all the
// inputs for the statement.
// We denote this goal sequence as "S". We don't create S explicitly, but
// define it as the concatenation of the following list of sequences.
// In other words, S = sequences[0] + ... + sequences[sequences.size()-1].
// (This representation choice is for efficiency: it is cheaper to perform
// a single concatenation of the subsequences in the end than repeatedly
// extending S.)
List<Sequence> sequences = new ArrayList<Sequence>();
// We store the total size of S in the following variable.
int totStatements = 0;
// The method also returns a list of randomly-selected variables to
// be used as inputs to the statement, represented as indices into S.
// For example, given as statement a method M(T1)/T2 that takes as input
// a value of type T1 and returns a value of type T2, this method might
// return, for example, the sequence
//
// T0 var0 = new T0(); T1 var1 = var0.getT1()"
//
// and the singleton list [0] that represents variable var1. The variable
// indices are stored in the following list. Upon successful completion
// of this method, variables will contain inputTypes.size() variables.
// Note additionally that for every i in variables, 0 <= i < |S|.
List<Integer> variables = new ArrayList<Integer>();
// [Optimization]
// The following two variables are used in the loop below only when
// an alias ratio is present (GenInputsAbstract.alias_ratio != null).
// Their purpose is purely to improve efficiency. For a given loop iteration
// i, "types" contains the types of all variables in S, and "typesToVars"
// maps each type to all variable indices of the given type.
SubTypeSet types = new SubTypeSet(false);
MultiMap<Class<?>, Integer> typesToVars = new MultiMap<Class<?>, Integer>();
for (int i = 0; i < inputTypes.size(); i++) {
Class<?> t = inputTypes.get(i);
// TODO Does this ever happen?
if (!Reflection.isVisible(t)) return new InputsAndSuccessFlag(false, null, null);
// true if statement st represents an instance method, and we are currently
// selecting a value to act as the receiver for the method.
boolean isReceiver =
(i == 0 && (statement instanceof RMethod) && (!((RMethod) statement).isStatic()));
// If alias ratio is given, attempt with some probability to use a variable already in S.
if (GenInputsAbstract.alias_ratio != 0
&& Randomness.weighedCoinFlip(GenInputsAbstract.alias_ratio)) {
Tracer.trace("alias_ratio@selectInputs");
// candidateVars will store the indices that can serve as input to the i-th input in st.
List<SimpleList<Integer>> candidateVars = new ArrayList<SimpleList<Integer>>();
// For each type T in S compatible with inputTypes[i], add all the indices in S of type T.
for (Class<?> match : types.getMatches(t)) {
// Sanity check: the domain of typesToVars contains all the types in variable types.
assert typesToVars.keySet().contains(match);
candidateVars.add(
new ArrayListSimpleList<Integer>(
new ArrayList<Integer>(typesToVars.getValues(match))));
}
// If any type-compatible variables found, pick one at random as the i-th input to st.
SimpleList<Integer> candidateVars2 = new ListOfLists<Integer>(candidateVars);
if (candidateVars2.size() > 0) {
int randVarIdx = Randomness.nextRandomInt(candidateVars2.size());
Integer randVar = candidateVars2.get(randVarIdx);
variables.add(randVar);
continue;
}
}
Tracer.trace("NO alias_ratio@selectInputs");
// If we got here, it means we will not attempt to use a value already defined in S,
// so we will have to augment S with new statements that yield a value of type inputTypes[i].
// We will do this by assembling a list of candidate sequences n(stored in the list declared
// immediately below) that create one or more values of the appropriate type,
// randomly selecting a single sequence from this list, and appending it to S.
SimpleList<Sequence> l = null;
// We use one of three ways to gather candidate sequences, but the third case below
// is by far the most common.
if (GenInputsAbstract.always_use_ints_as_objects && t.equals(Object.class)) {
Tracer.trace("always_use_ints_as_objects@selectInputs");
// 1. OBSCURE, applicable only for branch-directed generation project. Get all
// sequences that create one or more integer. Applicable only when inputTypes[i]
// is "Object" and always_use_ints_as_objects option is specified.
if (Log.isLoggingOn()) Log.logLine("Integer-as-object heuristic: will use random Integer.");
l = componentManager.getSequencesForType(int.class, false);
} else if (t.isArray()) {
// 2. If T=inputTypes[i] is an array type, ask the component manager for all sequences
// of type T (list l1), but also try to directly build some sequences that create arrays
// (list l2).
SimpleList<Sequence> l1 = componentManager.getSequencesForType(statement, i);
if (Log.isLoggingOn())
Log.logLine("Array creation heuristic: will create helper array of type " + t);
SimpleList<Sequence> l2 = HelperSequenceCreator.createSequence(componentManager, t);
l = new ListOfLists<Sequence>(l1, l2);
} else {
// 3. COMMON CASE: ask the component manager for all sequences that yield the required type.
if (Log.isLoggingOn()) Log.logLine("Will query component set for objects of type" + t);
l = componentManager.getSequencesForType(statement, i);
}
assert l != null;
if (Log.isLoggingOn()) Log.logLine("components: " + l.size());
// If we were not able to find (or create) any sequences of type inputTypes[i], and we are
// allowed the use null values, use null. If we're not allowed, then return with failure.
if (l.size() == 0) {
Tracer.trace("selectinputs-evalforbid");
if (isReceiver || GenInputsAbstract.forbid_null) {
if (!isReceiver) {
if (GenInputsAbstract.forbid_null) {
Tracer.trace("forbid_null@selectinputs-evalforbid");
}
}
if (Log.isLoggingOn())
Log.logLine("forbid-null option is true. Failed to create new sequence.");
return new InputsAndSuccessFlag(false, null, null);
} else {
if (!GenInputsAbstract.forbid_null) {
Tracer.trace("NOT forbid_null@selectinputs-evalforbid");
}
if (Log.isLoggingOn()) Log.logLine("Will use null as " + i + "-th input");
StatementKind st = PrimitiveOrStringOrNullDecl.nullOrZeroDecl(t);
Sequence seq = new Sequence().extend(st, new ArrayList<Variable>());
variables.add(totStatements);
sequences.add(seq);
assert seq.size() == 1;
totStatements++;
// Null is not an interesting value to add to the set of
// possible values to reuse, so we don't update typesToVars or types.
continue;
}
}
// At this point, we have one or more sequences that create non-null values of type
// inputTypes[i].
// However, the user may have requested that we use null values as inputs with some given
// frequency.
// If this is the case, then use null instead with some probability.
Tracer.trace("selectinputs-null-ratio");
if (!isReceiver
&& GenInputsAbstract.null_ratio != 0
&& Randomness.weighedCoinFlip(GenInputsAbstract.null_ratio)) {
Tracer.trace("null_ratio@selectinputs-null-ratio");
if (Log.isLoggingOn())
Log.logLine("null-ratio option given. Randomly decided to use null as input.");
StatementKind st = PrimitiveOrStringOrNullDecl.nullOrZeroDecl(t);
Sequence seq = new Sequence().extend(st, new ArrayList<Variable>());
variables.add(totStatements);
sequences.add(seq);
assert seq.size() == 1;
totStatements++;
continue;
}
Tracer.trace("NOT null_ratio@selectinputs-null-ratio");
// At this point, we have a list of candidate sequences and need to select a
// randomly-chosen sequence from the list.
Sequence chosenSeq = null;
Tracer.trace("selectInputs-smalltests");
if (GenInputsAbstract.small_tests) {
Tracer.trace("small_tests@selectInputs-smalltests");
chosenSeq = Randomness.randomMemberWeighted(l);
} else {
Tracer.trace("NO small_tests@selectInputs-smalltests");
chosenSeq = Randomness.randomMember(l);
}
// Now, find values that satisfy the constraint set.
Match m = Match.COMPATIBLE_TYPE;
// if (i == 0 && statement.isInstanceMethod()) m = Match.EXACT_TYPE;
Variable randomVariable = chosenSeq.randomVariableForTypeLastStatement(t, m);
// We are not done yet: we have chosen a sequence that yields a value of the required
// type inputTypes[i], but there may be more than one such value. Our last random
// selection step is to select from among all possible values.
// if (i == 0 && statement.isInstanceMethod()) m = Match.EXACT_TYPE;
if (randomVariable == null) {
throw new BugInRandoopException("type: " + t + ", sequence: " + chosenSeq);
}
// If we were unlucky and selected a null value as the receiver
// for a method call, return with failure.
if (i == 0
&& (statement instanceof RMethod)
&& (!((RMethod) statement).isStatic())
&& chosenSeq.getCreatingStatement(randomVariable) instanceof PrimitiveOrStringOrNullDecl)
return new InputsAndSuccessFlag(false, null, null);
// [Optimization.] Update optimization-related variables "types" and "typesToVars".
Tracer.trace("selectinputs-alias");
if (GenInputsAbstract.alias_ratio != 0) {
Tracer.trace("alias_ratio@selectinputs-alias");
// Update types and typesToVars.
for (int j = 0; j < chosenSeq.size(); j++) {
StatementKind stk = chosenSeq.getStatementKind(j);
if (stk instanceof PrimitiveOrStringOrNullDecl)
continue; // Prim decl not an interesting candidate for multiple uses.
Class<?> outType = stk.getOutputType();
types.add(outType);
typesToVars.add(outType, totStatements + j);
}
}
Tracer.trace("NOT alias_ratio@selectinputs-alias");
variables.add(totStatements + randomVariable.index);
sequences.add(chosenSeq);
totStatements += chosenSeq.size();
}
return new InputsAndSuccessFlag(true, sequences, variables);
}
/**
* Tries to create and execute a new sequence. If the sequence is new (not already in the
* specified component manager), then it is executed and added to the manager's sequences. If the
* sequence created is already in the manager's sequences, this method has no effect, and returns
* null.
*/
private ExecutableSequence createNewUniqueSequence() {
Tracer.trace("createNewUniqueSequence");
if (Log.isLoggingOn()) Log.logLine("-------------------------------------------");
StatementKind statement = null;
if (this.statements.isEmpty()) return null;
// Select a StatementInfo
statement = Randomness.randomMember(this.statements);
if (Log.isLoggingOn()) Log.logLine("Selected statement: " + statement.toString());
// jhp: add flags here
InputsAndSuccessFlag sequences = selectInputs(statement);
if (!sequences.success) {
if (Log.isLoggingOn()) Log.logLine("Failed to find inputs for statement.");
return null;
}
Sequence concatSeq = Sequence.concatenate(sequences.sequences);
// Figure out input variables.
List<Variable> inputs = new ArrayList<Variable>();
for (Integer oneinput : sequences.indices) {
Variable v = concatSeq.getVariable(oneinput);
inputs.add(v);
}
Sequence newSequence = concatSeq.extend(statement, inputs);
// With .5 probability, do a primitive value heuristic.
Tracer.trace("heuristic-uniquesequence");
if (GenInputsAbstract.repeat_heuristic && Randomness.nextRandomInt(10) == 0) {
Tracer.trace("repeat_heuristic@heuristic-uniquesequence");
int times = Randomness.nextRandomInt(100);
newSequence = newSequence.repeatLast(times);
if (Log.isLoggingOn()) Log.log(">>>" + times + newSequence.toCodeString());
}
Tracer.trace("NO_repeat_heuristic@heuristic-uniquesequence");
// If parameterless statement, subsequence inputs
// will all be redundant, so just remove it from list of statements.
if (statement.getInputTypes().size() == 0) {
statements.remove(statement);
}
// If sequence is larger than size limit, try again.
Tracer.trace("evaluating-maxsize");
if (newSequence.size() > GenInputsAbstract.maxsize) {
Tracer.trace(">maxsize@evaluating-maxsize");
if (Log.isLoggingOn())
Log.logLine(
"Sequence discarded because size "
+ newSequence.size()
+ " exceeds maximum allowed size "
+ GenInputsAbstract.maxsize);
return null;
}
Tracer.trace("<maxsize@evaluating-maxsize");
randoopConsistencyTests(newSequence);
if (this.allSequences.contains(newSequence)) {
Tracer.trace("discard existing");
if (Log.isLoggingOn())
Log.logLine("Sequence discarded because the same sequence was previously created.");
return null;
}
this.allSequences.add(newSequence);
for (Sequence s : sequences.sequences) {
s.lastTimeUsed = java.lang.System.currentTimeMillis();
}
randoopConsistencyTest2(newSequence);
if (Log.isLoggingOn()) {
Log.logLine("Successfully created new unique sequence:" + newSequence.toString());
}
// System.out.println("###" + statement.toStringVerbose() + "###" + statement.getClass());
// Keep track of any input sequences that are used in this sequence
// Tests that contain only these sequences are probably redundant
for (Sequence is : sequences.sequences) {
subsumed_sequences.add(is);
}
return new ExecutableSequence(newSequence);
}
/**
* Determines what indices in the given sequence are active. An active index i means that the i-th
* method call creates an interesting/useful value that can be used as an input to a larger
* sequence; inactive indices are never used as inputs. The effect of setting active/inactive
* indices is that the SequenceCollection to which the given sequences is added only considers the
* active indices when deciding whether the sequence creates values of a given type.
*
* <p>In addition to determining active indices, this method determines if any primitive values
* created during execution of the sequence are new values not encountered before. Such values are
* added to the component manager so they can be used during subsequent generation attempts.
*/
public void processSequence(ExecutableSequence seq) {
Tracer.trace("processSequence");
if (GenInputsAbstract.offline) {
Tracer.trace("offline@processSequence");
if (Log.isLoggingOn()) {
Log.logLine(
"Making all indices active (offline generation specified; sequences are not executed).");
}
seq.sequence.setAllActiveFlags();
return;
}
Tracer.trace("NOT offline@processSequence");
if (seq.hasNonExecutedStatements()) {
if (Log.isLoggingOn()) {
Log.logLine(
"Making all indices inactive (sequence has non-executed statements, so judging it inadequate for further extension).");
}
seq.sequence.clearAllActiveFlags();
return;
}
if (seq.hasFailure()) {
if (Log.isLoggingOn()) {
Log.logLine(
"Making all indices inactive (sequence reveals a failure, so judging it inadequate for further extension)");
}
seq.sequence.clearAllActiveFlags();
return;
}
if (!seq.isNormalExecution()) {
if (Log.isLoggingOn()) {
Log.logLine(
"Making all indices inactive (exception thrown, or failure revealed during execution).");
}
seq.sequence.clearAllActiveFlags();
return;
}
// If runtime value is a primitive value, clear active flag, and
// if the value is new, add a sequence corresponding to that value.
for (int i = 0; i < seq.sequence.size(); i++) {
// type ensured by isNormalExecution clause ealier in this method.
NormalExecution e = (NormalExecution) seq.getResult(i);
Object runtimeValue = e.getRuntimeValue();
if (runtimeValue == null) {
if (Log.isLoggingOn()) {
Log.logLine("Making index " + i + " inactive (value is null)");
}
seq.sequence.clearActiveFlag(i);
continue;
}
Class<?> objectClass = runtimeValue.getClass();
Tracer.trace("processSequence-useobjcache");
if (PrimitiveTypes.isBoxedOrPrimitiveOrStringType(objectClass)) {
if (Log.isLoggingOn()) {
Log.logLine("Making index " + i + " inactive (value is a primitive)");
}
seq.sequence.clearActiveFlag(i);
boolean looksLikeObjToString =
(runtimeValue instanceof String)
&& PrimitiveTypes.looksLikeObjectToString((String) runtimeValue);
boolean tooLongString =
(runtimeValue instanceof String)
&& !PrimitiveTypes.stringLengthOK((String) runtimeValue);
if (!looksLikeObjToString && !tooLongString && runtimePrimitivesSeen.add(runtimeValue)) {
// Have not seen this value before; add it to the component set.
componentManager.addGeneratedSequence(
PrimitiveOrStringOrNullDecl.sequenceForPrimitive(runtimeValue));
}
} else if (GenInputsAbstract.use_object_cache) {
Tracer.trace("use_object_cache@processSequence-useobjcache");
objectCache.setActiveFlags(seq, i);
} else {
if (Log.isLoggingOn()) {
Log.logLine("Making index " + i + " active.");
}
}
}
}
public Set<Sequence> allSequences() {
Tracer.trace("allSequences");
return Collections.unmodifiableSet(this.allSequences);
}