/**
* Project each archetype into original feature space
*
* @param frame Original training data with m rows and n columns
* @param destination_key Frame Id for output
* @return Frame containing k rows and n columns, where each row corresponds to an archetype
*/
public Frame scoreArchetypes(Frame frame, Key destination_key, boolean reverse_transform) {
final int ncols = _output._names.length;
Frame adaptedFr = new Frame(frame);
adaptTestForTrain(adaptedFr, true, false);
assert ncols == adaptedFr.numCols();
String[][] adaptedDomme = adaptedFr.domains();
double[][] proj = new double[_parms._k][_output._nnums + _output._ncats];
// Categorical columns
for (int d = 0; d < _output._ncats; d++) {
double[][] block = _output._archetypes_raw.getCatBlock(d);
for (int k = 0; k < _parms._k; k++)
proj[k][_output._permutation[d]] = _parms.mimpute(block[k], _output._lossFunc[d]);
}
// Numeric columns
for (int d = _output._ncats; d < (_output._ncats + _output._nnums); d++) {
int ds = d - _output._ncats;
for (int k = 0; k < _parms._k; k++) {
double num = _output._archetypes_raw.getNum(ds, k);
proj[k][_output._permutation[d]] = _parms.impute(num, _output._lossFunc[d]);
if (reverse_transform)
proj[k][_output._permutation[d]] =
proj[k][_output._permutation[d]] / _output._normMul[ds] + _output._normSub[ds];
}
}
// Convert projection of archetypes into a frame with correct domains
Frame f =
ArrayUtils.frame(
(null == destination_key ? Key.make() : destination_key), adaptedFr.names(), proj);
for (int i = 0; i < ncols; i++) f.vec(i).setDomain(adaptedDomme[i]);
return f;
}
public static int mimpute(double[] u, Loss multi_loss) {
assert multi_loss.isForCategorical()
: "Loss function " + multi_loss + " not applicable to categoricals";
switch (multi_loss) {
case Categorical:
case Ordinal:
double[] cand = new double[u.length];
for (int a = 0; a < cand.length; a++) cand[a] = mloss(u, a, multi_loss);
return ArrayUtils.minIndex(cand);
default:
throw new RuntimeException("Unknown multidimensional loss function " + multi_loss);
}
}
// public final double[] rproxgrad_x(double[] u, double alpha) { return rproxgrad(u, alpha,
// _gamma_x, _regularization_x, RandomUtils.getRNG(_seed)); }
// public final double[] rproxgrad_y(double[] u, double alpha) { return rproxgrad(u, alpha,
// _gamma_y, _regularization_y, RandomUtils.getRNG(_seed)); }
static double[] rproxgrad(
double[] u, double alpha, double gamma, Regularizer regularization, Random rand) {
if (u == null || alpha == 0 || gamma == 0) return u;
double[] v = new double[u.length];
switch (regularization) {
case None:
return u;
case Quadratic:
for (int i = 0; i < u.length; i++) v[i] = u[i] / (1 + 2 * alpha * gamma);
return v;
case L2:
// Proof uses Moreau decomposition; see section 6.5.1 of Parikh and Boyd
// https://web.stanford.edu/~boyd/papers/pdf/prox_algs.pdf
double weight = 1 - alpha * gamma / ArrayUtils.l2norm(u);
if (weight < 0) return v; // Zero vector
for (int i = 0; i < u.length; i++) v[i] = weight * u[i];
return v;
case L1:
for (int i = 0; i < u.length; i++)
v[i] = Math.max(u[i] - alpha * gamma, 0) + Math.min(u[i] + alpha * gamma, 0);
return v;
case NonNegative:
for (int i = 0; i < u.length; i++) v[i] = Math.max(u[i], 0);
return v;
case OneSparse:
int idx = ArrayUtils.maxIndex(u, rand);
v[idx] = u[idx] > 0 ? u[idx] : 1e-6;
return v;
case UnitOneSparse:
idx = ArrayUtils.maxIndex(u, rand);
v[idx] = 1;
return v;
case Simplex:
// Proximal gradient algorithm by Chen and Ye in http://arxiv.org/pdf/1101.6081v2.pdf
// 1) Sort input vector u in ascending order: u[1] <= ... <= u[n]
int n = u.length;
int[] idxs = new int[n];
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) idxs[i] = i;
ArrayUtils.sort(idxs, u);
// 2) Calculate cumulative sum of u in descending order
// cumsum(u) = (..., u[n-2]+u[n-1]+u[n], u[n-1]+u[n], u[n])
double[] ucsum = new double[n];
ucsum[n - 1] = u[idxs[n - 1]];
for (int i = n - 2; i >= 0; i--) ucsum[i] = ucsum[i + 1] + u[idxs[i]];
// 3) Let t_i = (\sum_{j=i+1}^n u[j] - 1)/(n - i)
// For i = n-1,...,1, set optimal t* to first t_i >= u[i]
double t = (ucsum[0] - 1) / n; // Default t* = (\sum_{j=1}^n u[j] - 1)/n
for (int i = n - 1; i >= 1; i--) {
double tmp = (ucsum[i] - 1) / (n - i);
if (tmp >= u[idxs[i - 1]]) {
t = tmp;
break;
}
}
// 4) Return max(u - t*, 0) as projection of u onto simplex
double[] x = new double[u.length];
for (int i = 0; i < u.length; i++) x[i] = Math.max(u[i] - t, 0);
return x;
default:
throw new RuntimeException("Unknown regularization function " + regularization);
}
}