@Override
 public String toString() {
   // build a decent representation for this level
   final StringBuilder buffer = new StringBuilder();
   buffer
       .append("Description of a granuleDescriptor level")
       .append("\n")
       .append("width:\t\t")
       .append(width)
       .append("\n")
       .append("height:\t\t")
       .append(height)
       .append("\n")
       .append("scaleX:\t\t")
       .append(scaleX)
       .append("\n")
       .append("scaleY:\t\t")
       .append(scaleY)
       .append("\n")
       .append("baseToLevelTransform:\t\t")
       .append(baseToLevelTransform.toString())
       .append("\n")
       .append("gridToWorldTransform:\t\t")
       .append(gridToWorldTransformCorner.toString())
       .append("\n");
   return buffer.toString();
 }
  @Test
  public void testDomainSubsetRxRy() throws Exception {
    // get base  coverage
    final GridCoverage baseCoverage =
        catalog.getCoverageByName(TASMANIA_BM.getLocalPart()).getGridCoverage(null, null);
    final AffineTransform2D expectedTx =
        (AffineTransform2D) baseCoverage.getGridGeometry().getGridToCRS();
    final GeneralEnvelope originalEnvelope = (GeneralEnvelope) baseCoverage.getEnvelope();
    final GeneralEnvelope newEnvelope = new GeneralEnvelope(originalEnvelope);
    newEnvelope.setEnvelope(
        originalEnvelope.getMinimum(0),
        originalEnvelope.getMaximum(1) - originalEnvelope.getSpan(1) / 2,
        originalEnvelope.getMinimum(0) + originalEnvelope.getSpan(0) / 2,
        originalEnvelope.getMaximum(1));

    final MathTransform cornerWorldToGrid =
        PixelTranslation.translate(expectedTx, PixelInCell.CELL_CENTER, PixelInCell.CELL_CORNER);
    final GeneralGridEnvelope expectedGridEnvelope =
        new GeneralGridEnvelope(
            CRS.transform(cornerWorldToGrid.inverse(), newEnvelope),
            PixelInCell.CELL_CORNER,
            false);
    final StringBuilder envelopeBuilder = new StringBuilder();
    envelopeBuilder.append(newEnvelope.getMinimum(0)).append(",");
    envelopeBuilder.append(newEnvelope.getMinimum(1)).append(",");
    envelopeBuilder.append(newEnvelope.getMaximum(0)).append(",");
    envelopeBuilder.append(newEnvelope.getMaximum(1));

    Map<String, Object> raw = baseMap();
    final String layerID = getLayerId(TASMANIA_BM);
    raw.put("sourcecoverage", layerID);
    raw.put("version", "1.0.0");
    raw.put("format", "image/geotiff");
    raw.put("BBox", envelopeBuilder.toString());
    raw.put("crs", "EPSG:4326");
    raw.put("resx", Double.toString(expectedTx.getScaleX()));
    raw.put("resy", Double.toString(Math.abs(expectedTx.getScaleY())));

    final GridCoverage[] coverages = executeGetCoverageKvp(raw);
    final GridCoverage2D result = (GridCoverage2D) coverages[0];
    assertTrue(coverages.length == 1);
    final AffineTransform2D tx = (AffineTransform2D) result.getGridGeometry().getGridToCRS();
    assertEquals("resx", expectedTx.getScaleX(), tx.getScaleX(), 1E-6);
    assertEquals("resx", Math.abs(expectedTx.getScaleY()), Math.abs(tx.getScaleY()), 1E-6);

    final GridEnvelope gridEnvelope = result.getGridGeometry().getGridRange();
    assertEquals("w", 180, gridEnvelope.getSpan(0));
    assertEquals("h", 180, gridEnvelope.getSpan(1));
    assertEquals("grid envelope", expectedGridEnvelope, gridEnvelope);

    // dispose
    CoverageCleanerCallback.disposeCoverage(baseCoverage);
    CoverageCleanerCallback.disposeCoverage(coverages[0]);
  }
  /**
   * Load a specified a raster as a portion of the granule describe by this {@link
   * GranuleDescriptor}.
   *
   * @param imageReadParameters the {@link ImageReadParam} to use for reading.
   * @param index the index to use for the {@link ImageReader}.
   * @param cropBBox the bbox to use for cropping.
   * @param mosaicWorldToGrid the cropping grid to world transform.
   * @param request the incoming request to satisfy.
   * @param hints {@link Hints} to be used for creating this raster.
   * @return a specified a raster as a portion of the granule describe by this {@link
   *     GranuleDescriptor}.
   * @throws IOException in case an error occurs.
   */
  public GranuleLoadingResult loadRaster(
      final ImageReadParam imageReadParameters,
      final int index,
      final ReferencedEnvelope cropBBox,
      final MathTransform2D mosaicWorldToGrid,
      final RasterLayerRequest request,
      final Hints hints)
      throws IOException {

    if (LOGGER.isLoggable(java.util.logging.Level.FINER)) {
      final String name = Thread.currentThread().getName();
      LOGGER.finer(
          "Thread:" + name + " Loading raster data for granuleDescriptor " + this.toString());
    }
    ImageReadParam readParameters = null;
    int imageIndex;
    final ReferencedEnvelope bbox =
        inclusionGeometry != null
            ? new ReferencedEnvelope(
                granuleBBOX.intersection(inclusionGeometry.getEnvelopeInternal()),
                granuleBBOX.getCoordinateReferenceSystem())
            : granuleBBOX;
    boolean doFiltering = false;
    if (filterMe) {
      doFiltering = Utils.areaIsDifferent(inclusionGeometry, baseGridToWorld, granuleBBOX);
    }

    // intersection of this tile bound with the current crop bbox
    final ReferencedEnvelope intersection =
        new ReferencedEnvelope(
            bbox.intersection(cropBBox), cropBBox.getCoordinateReferenceSystem());
    if (intersection.isEmpty()) {
      if (LOGGER.isLoggable(java.util.logging.Level.FINE)) {
        LOGGER.fine(
            new StringBuilder("Got empty intersection for granule ")
                .append(this.toString())
                .append(" with request ")
                .append(request.toString())
                .append(" Resulting in no granule loaded: Empty result")
                .toString());
      }
      return null;
    }

    ImageInputStream inStream = null;
    ImageReader reader = null;
    try {
      //
      // get info about the raster we have to read
      //

      // get a stream
      assert cachedStreamSPI != null : "no cachedStreamSPI available!";
      inStream =
          cachedStreamSPI.createInputStreamInstance(
              granuleUrl, ImageIO.getUseCache(), ImageIO.getCacheDirectory());
      if (inStream == null) return null;

      // get a reader and try to cache the relevant SPI
      if (cachedReaderSPI == null) {
        reader = ImageIOExt.getImageioReader(inStream);
        if (reader != null) cachedReaderSPI = reader.getOriginatingProvider();
      } else reader = cachedReaderSPI.createReaderInstance();
      if (reader == null) {
        if (LOGGER.isLoggable(java.util.logging.Level.WARNING)) {
          LOGGER.warning(
              new StringBuilder("Unable to get s reader for granuleDescriptor ")
                  .append(this.toString())
                  .append(" with request ")
                  .append(request.toString())
                  .append(" Resulting in no granule loaded: Empty result")
                  .toString());
        }
        return null;
      }
      // set input
      reader.setInput(inStream);

      // Checking for heterogeneous granules
      if (request.isHeterogeneousGranules()) {
        // create read parameters
        readParameters = new ImageReadParam();

        // override the overviews controller for the base layer
        imageIndex =
            ReadParamsController.setReadParams(
                request.getRequestedResolution(),
                request.getOverviewPolicy(),
                request.getDecimationPolicy(),
                readParameters,
                request.rasterManager,
                overviewsController);
      } else {
        imageIndex = index;
        readParameters = imageReadParameters;
      }

      // get selected level and base level dimensions
      final GranuleOverviewLevelDescriptor selectedlevel = getLevel(imageIndex, reader);

      // now create the crop grid to world which can be used to decide
      // which source area we need to crop in the selected level taking
      // into account the scale factors imposed by the selection of this
      // level together with the base level grid to world transformation
      AffineTransform2D cropWorldToGrid =
          new AffineTransform2D(selectedlevel.gridToWorldTransformCorner);
      cropWorldToGrid = (AffineTransform2D) cropWorldToGrid.inverse();
      // computing the crop source area which lives into the
      // selected level raster space, NOTICE that at the end we need to
      // take into account the fact that we might also decimate therefore
      // we cannot just use the crop grid to world but we need to correct
      // it.
      final Rectangle sourceArea =
          CRS.transform(cropWorldToGrid, intersection).toRectangle2D().getBounds();
      // gutter
      if (selectedlevel.baseToLevelTransform.isIdentity()) sourceArea.grow(2, 2);
      XRectangle2D.intersect(
          sourceArea,
          selectedlevel.rasterDimensions,
          sourceArea); // make sure roundings don't bother us
      // is it empty??
      if (sourceArea.isEmpty()) {
        if (LOGGER.isLoggable(java.util.logging.Level.FINE)) {
          LOGGER.fine(
              "Got empty area for granuleDescriptor "
                  + this.toString()
                  + " with request "
                  + request.toString()
                  + " Resulting in no granule loaded: Empty result");
        }
        return null;

      } else if (LOGGER.isLoggable(java.util.logging.Level.FINER)) {
        LOGGER.finer(
            "Loading level "
                + imageIndex
                + " with source region: "
                + sourceArea
                + " subsampling: "
                + readParameters.getSourceXSubsampling()
                + ","
                + readParameters.getSourceYSubsampling()
                + " for granule:"
                + granuleUrl);
      }

      // Setting subsampling
      int newSubSamplingFactor = 0;
      final String pluginName = cachedReaderSPI.getPluginClassName();
      if (pluginName != null && pluginName.equals(ImageUtilities.DIRECT_KAKADU_PLUGIN)) {
        final int ssx = readParameters.getSourceXSubsampling();
        final int ssy = readParameters.getSourceYSubsampling();
        newSubSamplingFactor = ImageIOUtilities.getSubSamplingFactor2(ssx, ssy);
        if (newSubSamplingFactor != 0) {
          if (newSubSamplingFactor > maxDecimationFactor && maxDecimationFactor != -1) {
            newSubSamplingFactor = maxDecimationFactor;
          }
          readParameters.setSourceSubsampling(newSubSamplingFactor, newSubSamplingFactor, 0, 0);
        }
      }

      // set the source region
      readParameters.setSourceRegion(sourceArea);
      final RenderedImage raster;
      try {
        // read
        raster =
            request
                .getReadType()
                .read(
                    readParameters,
                    imageIndex,
                    granuleUrl,
                    selectedlevel.rasterDimensions,
                    reader,
                    hints,
                    false);

      } catch (Throwable e) {
        if (LOGGER.isLoggable(java.util.logging.Level.FINE)) {
          LOGGER.log(
              java.util.logging.Level.FINE,
              "Unable to load raster for granuleDescriptor "
                  + this.toString()
                  + " with request "
                  + request.toString()
                  + " Resulting in no granule loaded: Empty result",
              e);
        }
        return null;
      }

      // use fixed source area
      sourceArea.setRect(readParameters.getSourceRegion());

      //
      // setting new coefficients to define a new affineTransformation
      // to be applied to the grid to world transformation
      // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      //
      // With respect to the original envelope, the obtained planarImage
      // needs to be rescaled. The scaling factors are computed as the
      // ratio between the cropped source region sizes and the read
      // image sizes.
      //
      // place it in the mosaic using the coords created above;
      double decimationScaleX = ((1.0 * sourceArea.width) / raster.getWidth());
      double decimationScaleY = ((1.0 * sourceArea.height) / raster.getHeight());
      final AffineTransform decimationScaleTranform =
          XAffineTransform.getScaleInstance(decimationScaleX, decimationScaleY);

      // keep into account translation  to work into the selected level raster space
      final AffineTransform afterDecimationTranslateTranform =
          XAffineTransform.getTranslateInstance(sourceArea.x, sourceArea.y);

      // now we need to go back to the base level raster space
      final AffineTransform backToBaseLevelScaleTransform = selectedlevel.baseToLevelTransform;

      // now create the overall transform
      final AffineTransform finalRaster2Model = new AffineTransform(baseGridToWorld);
      finalRaster2Model.concatenate(CoverageUtilities.CENTER_TO_CORNER);
      final double x = finalRaster2Model.getTranslateX();
      final double y = finalRaster2Model.getTranslateY();

      if (!XAffineTransform.isIdentity(backToBaseLevelScaleTransform, Utils.AFFINE_IDENTITY_EPS))
        finalRaster2Model.concatenate(backToBaseLevelScaleTransform);
      if (!XAffineTransform.isIdentity(afterDecimationTranslateTranform, Utils.AFFINE_IDENTITY_EPS))
        finalRaster2Model.concatenate(afterDecimationTranslateTranform);
      if (!XAffineTransform.isIdentity(decimationScaleTranform, Utils.AFFINE_IDENTITY_EPS))
        finalRaster2Model.concatenate(decimationScaleTranform);

      // keep into account translation factors to place this tile
      finalRaster2Model.preConcatenate((AffineTransform) mosaicWorldToGrid);
      final Interpolation interpolation = request.getInterpolation();
      // paranoiac check to avoid that JAI freaks out when computing its internal layouT on images
      // that are too small
      Rectangle2D finalLayout =
          ImageUtilities.layoutHelper(
              raster,
              (float) finalRaster2Model.getScaleX(),
              (float) finalRaster2Model.getScaleY(),
              (float) finalRaster2Model.getTranslateX(),
              (float) finalRaster2Model.getTranslateY(),
              interpolation);
      if (finalLayout.isEmpty()) {
        if (LOGGER.isLoggable(java.util.logging.Level.INFO))
          LOGGER.info(
              "Unable to create a granuleDescriptor "
                  + this.toString()
                  + " due to jai scale bug creating a null source area");
        return null;
      }
      ROI granuleLoadingShape = null;
      if (granuleROIShape != null) {

        final Point2D translate =
            mosaicWorldToGrid.transform(new DirectPosition2D(x, y), (Point2D) null);
        AffineTransform tx2 = new AffineTransform();
        tx2.preConcatenate(
            AffineTransform.getScaleInstance(
                ((AffineTransform) mosaicWorldToGrid).getScaleX(),
                -((AffineTransform) mosaicWorldToGrid).getScaleY()));
        tx2.preConcatenate(
            AffineTransform.getScaleInstance(
                ((AffineTransform) baseGridToWorld).getScaleX(),
                -((AffineTransform) baseGridToWorld).getScaleY()));
        tx2.preConcatenate(
            AffineTransform.getTranslateInstance(translate.getX(), translate.getY()));
        granuleLoadingShape = (ROI) granuleROIShape.transform(tx2);
      }
      // apply the affine transform  conserving indexed color model
      final RenderingHints localHints =
          new RenderingHints(
              JAI.KEY_REPLACE_INDEX_COLOR_MODEL,
              interpolation instanceof InterpolationNearest ? Boolean.FALSE : Boolean.TRUE);
      if (XAffineTransform.isIdentity(finalRaster2Model, Utils.AFFINE_IDENTITY_EPS)) {
        return new GranuleLoadingResult(raster, granuleLoadingShape, granuleUrl, doFiltering);
      } else {
        //
        // In case we are asked to use certain tile dimensions we tile
        // also at this stage in case the read type is Direct since
        // buffered images comes up untiled and this can affect the
        // performances of the subsequent affine operation.
        //
        final Dimension tileDimensions = request.getTileDimensions();
        if (tileDimensions != null && request.getReadType().equals(ReadType.DIRECT_READ)) {
          final ImageLayout layout = new ImageLayout();
          layout.setTileHeight(tileDimensions.width).setTileWidth(tileDimensions.height);
          localHints.add(new RenderingHints(JAI.KEY_IMAGE_LAYOUT, layout));
        } else {
          if (hints != null && hints.containsKey(JAI.KEY_IMAGE_LAYOUT)) {
            final Object layout = hints.get(JAI.KEY_IMAGE_LAYOUT);
            if (layout != null && layout instanceof ImageLayout) {
              localHints.add(
                  new RenderingHints(JAI.KEY_IMAGE_LAYOUT, ((ImageLayout) layout).clone()));
            }
          }
        }
        if (hints != null && hints.containsKey(JAI.KEY_TILE_CACHE)) {
          final Object cache = hints.get(JAI.KEY_TILE_CACHE);
          if (cache != null && cache instanceof TileCache)
            localHints.add(new RenderingHints(JAI.KEY_TILE_CACHE, (TileCache) cache));
        }
        if (hints != null && hints.containsKey(JAI.KEY_TILE_SCHEDULER)) {
          final Object scheduler = hints.get(JAI.KEY_TILE_SCHEDULER);
          if (scheduler != null && scheduler instanceof TileScheduler)
            localHints.add(new RenderingHints(JAI.KEY_TILE_SCHEDULER, (TileScheduler) scheduler));
        }
        boolean addBorderExtender = true;
        if (hints != null && hints.containsKey(JAI.KEY_BORDER_EXTENDER)) {
          final Object extender = hints.get(JAI.KEY_BORDER_EXTENDER);
          if (extender != null && extender instanceof BorderExtender) {
            localHints.add(new RenderingHints(JAI.KEY_BORDER_EXTENDER, (BorderExtender) extender));
            addBorderExtender = false;
          }
        }
        // border extender
        if (addBorderExtender) {
          localHints.add(ImageUtilities.BORDER_EXTENDER_HINTS);
        }
        //                boolean hasScaleX=!(Math.abs(finalRaster2Model.getScaleX()-1) <
        // 1E-2/(raster.getWidth()+1-raster.getMinX()));
        //                boolean hasScaleY=!(Math.abs(finalRaster2Model.getScaleY()-1) <
        // 1E-2/(raster.getHeight()+1-raster.getMinY()));
        //                boolean hasShearX=!(finalRaster2Model.getShearX() == 0.0);
        //                boolean hasShearY=!(finalRaster2Model.getShearY() == 0.0);
        //                boolean hasTranslateX=!(Math.abs(finalRaster2Model.getTranslateX()) <
        // 0.01F);
        //                boolean hasTranslateY=!(Math.abs(finalRaster2Model.getTranslateY()) <
        // 0.01F);
        //                boolean isTranslateXInt=!(Math.abs(finalRaster2Model.getTranslateX() -
        // (int) finalRaster2Model.getTranslateX()) <  0.01F);
        //                boolean isTranslateYInt=!(Math.abs(finalRaster2Model.getTranslateY() -
        // (int) finalRaster2Model.getTranslateY()) <  0.01F);
        //
        //                boolean isIdentity = finalRaster2Model.isIdentity() &&
        // !hasScaleX&&!hasScaleY &&!hasTranslateX&&!hasTranslateY;

        //                // TODO how can we check that the a skew is harmelss????
        //                if(isIdentity){
        //                    // TODO check if we are missing anything like tiling or such that
        // comes from hints
        //                    return new GranuleLoadingResult(raster, granuleLoadingShape,
        // granuleUrl, doFiltering);
        //                }
        //
        //                // TOLERANCE ON PIXELS SIZE
        //
        //                // Check and see if the affine transform is in fact doing
        //                // a Translate operation. That is a scale by 1 and no rotation.
        //                // In which case call translate. Note that only integer translate
        //                // is applicable. For non-integer translate we'll have to do the
        //                // affine.
        //                // If the hints contain an ImageLayout hint, we can't use
        //                // TranslateIntOpImage since it isn't capable of dealing with that.
        //                // Get ImageLayout from renderHints if any.
        //                ImageLayout layout = RIFUtil.getImageLayoutHint(localHints);
        //                if ( !hasScaleX &&
        //                     !hasScaleY  &&
        //                      !hasShearX&&
        //                      !hasShearY&&
        //                      isTranslateXInt&&
        //                      isTranslateYInt&&
        //                    layout == null) {
        //                    // It's a integer translate
        //                    return new GranuleLoadingResult(new TranslateIntOpImage(raster,
        //                                                    localHints,
        //                                                   (int) finalRaster2Model.getShearX(),
        //                                                   (int)
        // finalRaster2Model.getShearY()),granuleLoadingShape, granuleUrl, doFiltering);
        //                }

        ImageWorker iw = new ImageWorker(raster);
        iw.setRenderingHints(localHints);
        iw.affine(finalRaster2Model, interpolation, request.getBackgroundValues());
        return new GranuleLoadingResult(
            iw.getRenderedImage(), granuleLoadingShape, granuleUrl, doFiltering);
      }

    } catch (IllegalStateException e) {
      if (LOGGER.isLoggable(java.util.logging.Level.WARNING)) {
        LOGGER.log(
            java.util.logging.Level.WARNING,
            new StringBuilder("Unable to load raster for granuleDescriptor ")
                .append(this.toString())
                .append(" with request ")
                .append(request.toString())
                .append(" Resulting in no granule loaded: Empty result")
                .toString(),
            e);
      }
      return null;
    } catch (org.opengis.referencing.operation.NoninvertibleTransformException e) {
      if (LOGGER.isLoggable(java.util.logging.Level.WARNING)) {
        LOGGER.log(
            java.util.logging.Level.WARNING,
            new StringBuilder("Unable to load raster for granuleDescriptor ")
                .append(this.toString())
                .append(" with request ")
                .append(request.toString())
                .append(" Resulting in no granule loaded: Empty result")
                .toString(),
            e);
      }
      return null;
    } catch (TransformException e) {
      if (LOGGER.isLoggable(java.util.logging.Level.WARNING)) {
        LOGGER.log(
            java.util.logging.Level.WARNING,
            new StringBuilder("Unable to load raster for granuleDescriptor ")
                .append(this.toString())
                .append(" with request ")
                .append(request.toString())
                .append(" Resulting in no granule loaded: Empty result")
                .toString(),
            e);
      }
      return null;

    } finally {
      try {
        if (request.getReadType() != ReadType.JAI_IMAGEREAD && inStream != null) {
          inStream.close();
        }
      } finally {
        if (request.getReadType() != ReadType.JAI_IMAGEREAD && reader != null) {
          reader.dispose();
        }
      }
    }
  }
  private void init(
      final BoundingBox granuleBBOX,
      final URL granuleUrl,
      final ImageReaderSpi suggestedSPI,
      final Geometry inclusionGeometry,
      final boolean heterogeneousGranules,
      final boolean handleArtifactsFiltering) {
    this.granuleBBOX = ReferencedEnvelope.reference(granuleBBOX);
    this.granuleUrl = granuleUrl;
    this.inclusionGeometry = inclusionGeometry;
    this.handleArtifactsFiltering = handleArtifactsFiltering;
    filterMe = handleArtifactsFiltering && inclusionGeometry != null;

    // create the base grid to world transformation
    ImageInputStream inStream = null;
    ImageReader reader = null;
    try {
      //
      // get info about the raster we have to read
      //

      // get a stream
      if (cachedStreamSPI == null) {
        cachedStreamSPI = ImageIOExt.getImageInputStreamSPI(granuleUrl, true);
        if (cachedStreamSPI == null) {
          final File file = DataUtilities.urlToFile(granuleUrl);
          if (file != null) {
            if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.WARNING)) {
              LOGGER.log(Level.WARNING, Utils.getFileInfo(file));
            }
          }
          throw new IllegalArgumentException(
              "Unable to get an input stream for the provided granule " + granuleUrl.toString());
        }
      }
      assert cachedStreamSPI != null : "no cachedStreamSPI available!";
      inStream =
          cachedStreamSPI.createInputStreamInstance(
              granuleUrl, ImageIO.getUseCache(), ImageIO.getCacheDirectory());
      if (inStream == null) {
        final File file = DataUtilities.urlToFile(granuleUrl);
        if (file != null) {
          if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.WARNING)) {
            LOGGER.log(Level.WARNING, Utils.getFileInfo(file));
          }
        }
        throw new IllegalArgumentException(
            "Unable to get an input stream for the provided file " + granuleUrl.toString());
      }

      // get a reader and try to cache the suggested SPI first
      if (cachedReaderSPI == null) {
        inStream.mark();
        if (suggestedSPI != null && suggestedSPI.canDecodeInput(inStream)) {
          cachedReaderSPI = suggestedSPI;
          inStream.reset();
        } else {
          inStream.mark();
          reader = ImageIOExt.getImageioReader(inStream);
          if (reader != null) cachedReaderSPI = reader.getOriginatingProvider();
          inStream.reset();
        }
      }
      reader = cachedReaderSPI.createReaderInstance();
      if (reader == null)
        throw new IllegalArgumentException(
            "Unable to get an ImageReader for the provided file " + granuleUrl.toString());
      reader.setInput(inStream);
      // get selected level and base level dimensions
      final Rectangle originalDimension = Utils.getDimension(0, reader);

      // build the g2W for this tile, in principle we should get it
      // somehow from the tile itself or from the index, but at the moment
      // we do not have such info, hence we assume that it is a simple
      // scale and translate
      final GridToEnvelopeMapper geMapper =
          new GridToEnvelopeMapper(new GridEnvelope2D(originalDimension), granuleBBOX);
      geMapper.setPixelAnchor(
          PixelInCell
              .CELL_CENTER); // this is the default behavior but it is nice to write it down anyway
      this.baseGridToWorld = geMapper.createAffineTransform();

      try {
        if (inclusionGeometry != null) {
          geMapper.setPixelAnchor(PixelInCell.CELL_CORNER);
          Geometry mapped = JTS.transform(inclusionGeometry, geMapper.createTransform().inverse());
          this.granuleROIShape = new ROIGeometry(mapped);
        }

      } catch (TransformException e1) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException(e1);
      }

      // add the base level
      this.granuleLevels.put(
          Integer.valueOf(0),
          new GranuleOverviewLevelDescriptor(
              1, 1, originalDimension.width, originalDimension.height));

      ////////////////////// Setting overviewController ///////////////////////
      if (heterogeneousGranules) {
        // //
        //
        // Right now we are setting up overviewsController by assuming that
        // overviews are internal images as happens in TIFF images
        // We can improve this by leveraging on coverageReaders
        //
        // //

        // Getting the first level descriptor
        final GranuleOverviewLevelDescriptor baseOverviewLevelDescriptor = granuleLevels.get(0);

        // Variables initialization
        final int numberOfOvervies = reader.getNumImages(true) - 1;
        final AffineTransform2D baseG2W = baseOverviewLevelDescriptor.getGridToWorldTransform();
        final int width = baseOverviewLevelDescriptor.getWidth();
        final int height = baseOverviewLevelDescriptor.getHeight();
        final double resX = AffineTransform2D.getScaleX0(baseG2W);
        final double resY = AffineTransform2D.getScaleY0(baseG2W);
        final double[] highestRes = new double[] {resX, resY};
        final double[][] overviewsResolution = new double[numberOfOvervies][2];

        // Populating overviews and initializing overviewsController
        for (int i = 0; i < numberOfOvervies; i++) {
          overviewsResolution[i][0] = (highestRes[0] * width) / reader.getWidth(i + 1);
          overviewsResolution[i][1] = (highestRes[1] * height) / reader.getWidth(i + 1);
        }
        overviewsController =
            new OverviewsController(highestRes, numberOfOvervies, overviewsResolution);
      }
      //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

    } catch (IllegalStateException e) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException(e);

    } catch (IOException e) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException(e);
    } finally {
      // close/dispose stream and readers
      try {
        if (inStream != null) {
          inStream.close();
        }
      } catch (Throwable e) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException(e);
      } finally {
        if (reader != null) {
          reader.dispose();
        }
      }
    }
  }
    /**
     * Encodes the DomainSet as per the GML spec of the provided {@link GridCoverage2D}
     *
     * <p>e.g.:
     *
     * <pre>{@code
     * <gml:domainSet>
     *    <gml:Grid gml:id="gr0001_C0001" dimension="2">
     *       <gml:limits>
     *          <gml:GridEnvelope>
     *             <gml:low>1 1</gml:low>
     *             <gml:high>5 3</gml:high>
     *          </gml:GridEnvelope>
     *       </gml:limits>
     *       <gml:axisLabels>Lat Long</gml:axisLabels>
     *    </gml:Grid>
     * </gml:domainSet>
     * }</pre>
     *
     * @param gc2d the {@link GridCoverage2D} for which to encode the DomainSet.
     * @param srsName
     * @param axesSwap
     */
    public void handleDomainSet(
        GridGeometry2D gg2D, int gridDimension, String gcName, String srsName, boolean axesSwap) {
      // setup vars
      final String gridId = "grid00__" + gcName;

      // Grid Envelope
      final GridEnvelope gridEnvelope = gg2D.getGridRange();

      final StringBuilder lowSb = new StringBuilder();
      for (int i : gridEnvelope.getLow().getCoordinateValues()) {
        lowSb.append(i).append(' ');
      }
      final StringBuilder highSb = new StringBuilder();
      for (int i : gridEnvelope.getHigh().getCoordinateValues()) {
        highSb.append(i).append(' ');
      }

      // build the fragment
      final AttributesImpl gridAttrs = new AttributesImpl();
      gridAttrs.addAttribute("", "gml:id", "gml:id", "", gridId);
      gridAttrs.addAttribute("", "dimension", "dimension", "", String.valueOf(gridDimension));

      start("gml:domainSet");
      start("gml:RectifiedGrid", gridAttrs);
      start("gml:limits");

      // GridEnvelope
      start("gml:GridEnvelope");
      element("gml:low", lowSb.toString().trim());
      element("gml:high", highSb.toString().trim());
      end("gml:GridEnvelope");

      end("gml:limits");

      // Axis Label
      element("gml:axisLabels", "i j");

      final MathTransform2D transform = gg2D.getGridToCRS2D(PixelOrientation.CENTER);
      if (!(transform instanceof AffineTransform2D)) {
        throw new IllegalStateException("Invalid grid to worl provided:" + transform.toString());
      }
      final AffineTransform2D g2W = (AffineTransform2D) transform;

      // Origin
      // we use ULC as per our G2W transformation
      final AttributesImpl pointAttr = new AttributesImpl();
      pointAttr.addAttribute("", "gml:id", "gml:id", "", "p00_" + gcName);
      pointAttr.addAttribute("", "srsName", "srsName", "", srsName);
      start("gml:origin");
      start("gml:Point", pointAttr);
      element(
          "gml:pos",
          axesSwap
              ? g2W.getTranslateY() + " " + g2W.getTranslateX()
              : g2W.getTranslateX() + " " + g2W.getTranslateY());
      end("gml:Point");
      end("gml:origin");

      // Offsets
      final AttributesImpl offsetAttr = new AttributesImpl();
      offsetAttr.addAttribute("", "srsName", "srsName", "", srsName);

      // notice the orientation of the transformation I create. The origin of the coordinates
      // in this grid is not at UPPER LEFT like in our grid to world but at LOWER LEFT !!!
      element(
          "gml:offsetVector",
          Double.valueOf(axesSwap ? g2W.getShearX() : g2W.getScaleX())
              + " "
              + Double.valueOf(axesSwap ? g2W.getScaleX() : g2W.getShearX()),
          offsetAttr);
      element(
          "gml:offsetVector",
          Double.valueOf(axesSwap ? g2W.getScaleY() : g2W.getShearY())
              + " "
              + Double.valueOf(axesSwap ? g2W.getShearY() : g2W.getScaleY()),
          offsetAttr);
      end("gml:RectifiedGrid");
      end("gml:domainSet");
    }
 /**
  * Compare two grid to world transformations
  *
  * @param expectedTx
  * @param tx
  */
 private static void compareGrid2World(AffineTransform2D expectedTx, AffineTransform2D tx) {
   assertEquals("scalex", tx.getScaleX(), expectedTx.getScaleX(), 1E-6);
   assertEquals("scaley", tx.getScaleY(), expectedTx.getScaleY(), 1E-6);
   assertEquals("shearx", tx.getShearX(), expectedTx.getShearX(), 1E-6);
   assertEquals("sheary", tx.getShearY(), expectedTx.getShearY(), 1E-6);
   assertEquals("translatex", tx.getTranslateX(), expectedTx.getTranslateX(), 1E-6);
   assertEquals("translatey", tx.getTranslateY(), expectedTx.getTranslateY(), 1E-6);
 }