/**
   * Remove kubernetes services if available for application cluster.
   *
   * @param applicationId
   * @param clusterId
   */
  public static void removeKubernetesServices(String applicationId, String clusterId) {

    ClusterContext clusterContext =
        CloudControllerContext.getInstance().getClusterContext(clusterId);
    if (clusterContext != null) {
      String kubernetesClusterId = clusterContext.getKubernetesClusterId();
      if (org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils.isNotBlank(kubernetesClusterId)) {
        KubernetesClusterContext kubernetesClusterContext =
            CloudControllerContext.getInstance().getKubernetesClusterContext(kubernetesClusterId);
        if (kubernetesClusterContext != null) {
          KubernetesApiClient kubernetesApiClient = kubernetesClusterContext.getKubApi();
          for (KubernetesService kubernetesService : clusterContext.getKubernetesServices()) {
            log.info(
                String.format(
                    "Deleting kubernetes service: [application-id] %s " + "[service-id] %s",
                    applicationId, kubernetesService.getId()));
            try {
              kubernetesApiClient.deleteService(kubernetesService.getId());
            } catch (KubernetesClientException e) {
              log.error(
                  String.format(
                      "Could not delete kubernetes service: [application-id] %s "
                          + "[service-id] %s",
                      applicationId, kubernetesService.getId()));
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
  /**
   * Terminate a container by member id
   *
   * @param memberId
   * @return
   * @throws MemberTerminationFailedException
   */
  public MemberContext terminateContainer(String memberId) throws MemberTerminationFailedException {
    Lock lock = null;
    try {
      lock = CloudControllerContext.getInstance().acquireMemberContextWriteLock();
      handleNullObject(memberId, "Could not terminate container, member id is null");

      MemberContext memberContext =
          CloudControllerContext.getInstance().getMemberContextOfMemberId(memberId);
      handleNullObject(
          memberContext,
          "Could not terminate container, member context not found: [member-id] " + memberId);

      String clusterId = memberContext.getClusterId();
      handleNullObject(
          clusterId, "Could not terminate container, cluster id is null: [member-id] " + memberId);

      ClusterContext clusterContext =
          CloudControllerContext.getInstance().getClusterContext(clusterId);
      handleNullObject(
          clusterContext,
          String.format(
              "Could not terminate container, cluster context not found: "
                  + "[cluster-id] %s [member-id] %s",
              clusterId, memberId));

      String kubernetesClusterId = clusterContext.getKubernetesClusterId();
      handleNullObject(
          kubernetesClusterId,
          String.format(
              "Could not terminate container, kubernetes cluster "
                  + "context id is null: [cluster-id] %s [member-id] %s",
              clusterId, memberId));

      KubernetesClusterContext kubernetesClusterContext =
          CloudControllerContext.getInstance().getKubernetesClusterContext(kubernetesClusterId);
      handleNullObject(
          kubernetesClusterContext,
          String.format(
              "Could not terminate container, kubernetes cluster "
                  + "context not found: [cluster-id] %s [member-id] %s",
              clusterId, memberId));
      KubernetesApiClient kubApi = kubernetesClusterContext.getKubApi();

      try {
        log.info(
            String.format(
                "Removing kubernetes pod: [application] %s [cartridge] %s [member] %s [pod] %s",
                memberContext.getApplicationId(),
                memberContext.getCartridgeType(),
                memberContext.getMemberId(),
                memberContext.getKubernetesPodId()));

        // Remove pod
        kubApi.deletePod(memberContext.getKubernetesPodId());
        // Persist changes
        CloudControllerContext.getInstance().persist();

        log.info(
            String.format(
                "Kubernetes pod removed successfully: [application] %s [cartridge] %s "
                    + "[member] %s [pod] %s",
                memberContext.getApplicationId(),
                memberContext.getCartridgeType(),
                memberContext.getMemberId(),
                memberContext.getKubernetesPodId()));
      } catch (KubernetesClientException ignore) {
        // we can't do nothing here
        log.warn(
            String.format("Could not delete pod: [pod-id] %s", memberContext.getKubernetesPodId()));
      }
      return memberContext;
    } finally {
      if (lock != null) {
        CloudControllerContext.getInstance().releaseWriteLock(lock);
      }
    }
  }
  /**
   * Terminate all the containers belong to a cluster by cluster id.
   *
   * @param clusterId
   * @return
   * @throws InvalidClusterException
   */
  public MemberContext[] terminateContainers(String clusterId) throws InvalidClusterException {
    Lock lock = null;
    try {
      lock = CloudControllerContext.getInstance().acquireMemberContextWriteLock();

      ClusterContext clusterContext =
          CloudControllerContext.getInstance().getClusterContext(clusterId);
      handleNullObject(
          clusterContext,
          "Could not terminate containers, cluster not found: [cluster-id] " + clusterId);

      String kubernetesClusterId = clusterContext.getKubernetesClusterId();
      handleNullObject(
          kubernetesClusterId,
          "Could not terminate containers, kubernetes cluster id not found: "
              + "[cluster-id] "
              + clusterId);

      KubernetesClusterContext kubClusterContext =
          CloudControllerContext.getInstance().getKubernetesClusterContext(kubernetesClusterId);
      handleNullObject(
          kubClusterContext,
          "Could not terminate containers, kubernetes cluster not found: "
              + "[kubernetes-cluster-id] "
              + kubernetesClusterId);

      KubernetesApiClient kubApi = kubClusterContext.getKubApi();

      // Remove kubernetes services
      List<KubernetesService> kubernetesServices = clusterContext.getKubernetesServices();
      if (kubernetesServices != null) {
        for (KubernetesService kubernetesService : kubernetesServices) {
          try {
            kubApi.deleteService(kubernetesService.getId());
            int allocatedPort = kubernetesService.getPort();
            kubClusterContext.deallocatePort(allocatedPort);
          } catch (KubernetesClientException e) {
            log.error("Could not remove kubernetes service: [cluster-id] " + clusterId, e);
          }
        }
      }

      List<MemberContext> memberContextsRemoved = new ArrayList<MemberContext>();
      List<MemberContext> memberContexts =
          CloudControllerContext.getInstance().getMemberContextsOfClusterId(clusterId);
      if (memberContexts != null) {
        for (MemberContext memberContext : memberContexts) {
          try {
            MemberContext memberContextRemoved = terminateContainer(memberContext.getMemberId());
            memberContextsRemoved.add(memberContextRemoved);
          } catch (MemberTerminationFailedException e) {
            String message =
                "Could not terminate container: [member-id] " + memberContext.getMemberId();
            log.error(message);
          }
        }
      }

      // Persist changes
      CloudControllerContext.getInstance().persist();
      return memberContextsRemoved.toArray(new MemberContext[memberContextsRemoved.size()]);
    } finally {
      if (lock != null) {
        CloudControllerContext.getInstance().releaseWriteLock(lock);
      }
    }
  }
  /**
   * Creates and returns proxy services for the cluster.
   *
   * @param kubernetesApi
   * @param clusterContext
   * @param kubernetesCluster
   * @param kubernetesClusterContext
   * @throws KubernetesClientException
   */
  private void createKubernetesServices(
      KubernetesApiClient kubernetesApi,
      ClusterContext clusterContext,
      KubernetesCluster kubernetesCluster,
      KubernetesClusterContext kubernetesClusterContext)
      throws KubernetesClientException {

    String clusterId = clusterContext.getClusterId();
    String cartridgeType = clusterContext.getCartridgeUuid();

    Cartridge cartridge = CloudControllerContext.getInstance().getCartridge(cartridgeType);
    if (cartridge == null) {
      String message =
          "Could not create kubernetes services, cartridge not found: [cartridge] " + cartridgeType;
      log.error(message);
      throw new RuntimeException(message);
    }

    String sessionAffinity = null;
    Property sessionAffinityProperty =
        cartridge.getProperties().getProperty(KUBERNETES_SERVICE_SESSION_AFFINITY);
    if (sessionAffinityProperty != null) {
      sessionAffinity = sessionAffinityProperty.getValue();
    }

    List<KubernetesService> kubernetesServices = clusterContext.getKubernetesServices();
    if (kubernetesServices == null) {
      kubernetesServices = new ArrayList<KubernetesService>();
    }

    // Prepare minion public IP addresses
    List<String> minionPrivateIPList = new ArrayList<String>();
    List<String> minionPublicIPList = new ArrayList<String>();
    KubernetesHost[] kubernetesHosts = kubernetesCluster.getKubernetesHosts();
    if ((kubernetesHosts == null)
        || (kubernetesHosts.length == 0)
        || (kubernetesHosts[0] == null)) {
      throw new RuntimeException(
          "Hosts not found in kubernetes cluster: [cluster] " + kubernetesCluster.getClusterUuid());
    }
    for (KubernetesHost host : kubernetesHosts) {
      if (host != null) {
        minionPrivateIPList.add(host.getPrivateIPAddress());
        minionPublicIPList.add(host.getPublicIPAddress());
      }
    }
    if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
      log.debug(String.format("Minion private IPs: %s", minionPrivateIPList));
    }

    Collection<ClusterPortMapping> clusterPortMappings =
        CloudControllerContext.getInstance()
            .getClusterPortMappings(clusterContext.getApplicationUuid(), clusterId);

    if (clusterPortMappings != null) {
      for (ClusterPortMapping clusterPortMapping : clusterPortMappings) {

        // Skip if already created
        int containerPort = clusterPortMapping.getPort();
        if (kubernetesServiceExist(kubernetesServices, containerPort)) {
          continue;
        }

        // Find next service sequence no
        long serviceSeqNo = kubernetesClusterContext.getServiceSeqNo().incrementAndGet();
        String serviceId =
            KubernetesIaasUtil.fixSpecialCharacters("service" + "-" + (serviceSeqNo));
        String serviceLabel = DigestUtils.md5Hex(clusterId);

        if (log.isInfoEnabled()) {
          log.info(
              String.format(
                  "Creating kubernetes service: [cluster] %s [service] %s [service-label] %s "
                      + "[protocol] %s [service-port] %d [container-port] %s",
                  clusterId,
                  serviceId,
                  serviceLabel,
                  clusterPortMapping.getProtocol(),
                  clusterPortMapping.getKubernetesServicePort(),
                  containerPort));
        }

        // Create kubernetes service for port mapping
        int servicePort = clusterPortMapping.getKubernetesServicePort();
        String serviceType = clusterPortMapping.getKubernetesServiceType();
        String containerPortName =
            KubernetesIaasUtil.preparePortNameFromPortMapping(clusterPortMapping);

        try {
          // If kubernetes service is already created, skip creating a new one
          if (kubernetesApi.getService(serviceId) == null) {
            // Services need to use minions private IP addresses for creating iptable rules
            kubernetesApi.createService(
                serviceId,
                serviceLabel,
                servicePort,
                serviceType,
                containerPortName,
                containerPort,
                sessionAffinity);
          } else {
            if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
              log.debug(
                  String.format(
                      "Kubernetes service is already created: [cluster] %s [service] %s "
                          + "[protocol] %s [service-port] %d [container-port] %d",
                      clusterId,
                      serviceId,
                      clusterPortMapping.getProtocol(),
                      servicePort,
                      containerPort));
            }
          }
        } finally {
          // Persist kubernetes service sequence no
          CloudControllerContext.getInstance().persist();
        }

        try {
          Thread.sleep(1000);
        } catch (InterruptedException ignore) {
        }

        Service service = kubernetesApi.getService(serviceId);

        KubernetesService kubernetesService = new KubernetesService();
        kubernetesService.setId(service.getMetadata().getName());
        kubernetesService.setPortalIP(service.getSpec().getClusterIP());
        // Expose minions public IP addresses as they need to be accessed by external networks
        String[] minionPublicIPArray =
            minionPublicIPList.toArray(new String[minionPublicIPList.size()]);
        kubernetesService.setPublicIPs(minionPublicIPArray);
        kubernetesService.setProtocol(clusterPortMapping.getProtocol());
        kubernetesService.setPortName(clusterPortMapping.getName());

        String kubernetesServiceType = service.getSpec().getType();
        kubernetesService.setServiceType(kubernetesServiceType);

        if (kubernetesServiceType.equals(KubernetesConstants.NODE_PORT)) {
          kubernetesService.setPort(service.getSpec().getPorts().get(0).getNodePort());
        } else {
          kubernetesService.setPort(service.getSpec().getPorts().get(0).getPort());
        }

        kubernetesService.setContainerPort(containerPort);
        kubernetesServices.add(kubernetesService);

        if (log.isInfoEnabled()) {
          log.info(
              String.format(
                  "Kubernetes service successfully created: [cluster] %s [service] %s "
                      + "[protocol] %s [node-port] %d [container-port] %s",
                  clusterId,
                  serviceId,
                  clusterPortMapping.getProtocol(),
                  servicePort,
                  containerPort));
        }
      }
    }

    // Add kubernetes services to cluster context and persist
    clusterContext.setKubernetesServices(kubernetesServices);
    CloudControllerContext.getInstance().persist();
  }
  /**
   * Create new pod and pass environment variables.
   *
   * @param memberContext
   * @param kubernetesApi
   * @param kubernetesClusterContext
   * @throws KubernetesClientException
   */
  private void createPod(
      ClusterContext clusterContext,
      MemberContext memberContext,
      KubernetesApiClient kubernetesApi,
      KubernetesClusterContext kubernetesClusterContext)
      throws KubernetesClientException {

    String applicationId = memberContext.getApplicationId();
    String cartridgeType = memberContext.getCartridgeType();
    String clusterId = memberContext.getClusterId();
    String memberId = memberContext.getMemberId();

    if (log.isInfoEnabled()) {
      log.info(
          String.format(
              "Creating kubernetes pod: [application] %s [cartridge] %s [member] %s",
              applicationId, cartridgeType, memberId));
    }

    Partition partition = memberContext.getPartition();
    if (partition == null) {
      String message =
          String.format(
              "Partition not found in member context: [application] %s [cartridge] %s "
                  + "[member] %s ",
              applicationId, cartridgeType, memberId);
      log.error(message);
      throw new RuntimeException(message);
    }

    Cartridge cartridge = CloudControllerContext.getInstance().getCartridge(cartridgeType);
    if (cartridge == null) {
      String message = "Could not find cartridge: [cartridge] " + cartridgeType;
      log.error(message);
      throw new RuntimeException(message);
    }

    // Set default values to zero to avoid cpu and memory restrictions
    int cpu = Integer.getInteger(KUBERNETES_CONTAINER_CPU_DEFAULT, 0);
    int memory = Integer.getInteger(KUBERNETES_CONTAINER_MEMORY_DEFAULT, 0);
    Property cpuProperty = cartridge.getProperties().getProperty(KUBERNETES_CONTAINER_CPU);
    if (cpuProperty != null) {
      cpu = Integer.parseInt(cpuProperty.getValue());
    }
    Property memoryProperty = cartridge.getProperties().getProperty(KUBERNETES_CONTAINER_MEMORY);
    if (memoryProperty != null) {
      memory = Integer.parseInt(memoryProperty.getValue());
    }

    IaasProvider iaasProvider =
        CloudControllerContext.getInstance()
            .getIaasProviderOfPartition(cartridge.getUuid(), partition.getUuid());
    if (iaasProvider == null) {
      String message = "Could not find iaas provider: [partition] " + partition.getUuid();
      log.error(message);
      throw new RuntimeException(message);
    }

    // Add dynamic payload to the member context
    memberContext.setDynamicPayload(payload.toArray(new NameValuePair[payload.size()]));

    // Create pod
    long podSeqNo = kubernetesClusterContext.getPodSeqNo().incrementAndGet();
    String podId = "pod" + "-" + podSeqNo;
    String podLabel = DigestUtils.md5Hex(clusterId);
    String dockerImage = iaasProvider.getImage();
    List<EnvVar> environmentVariables =
        KubernetesIaasUtil.prepareEnvironmentVariables(clusterContext, memberContext);

    List<ContainerPort> ports =
        KubernetesIaasUtil.convertPortMappings(Arrays.asList(cartridge.getPortMappings()));

    log.info(
        String.format(
            "Starting pod: [application] %s [cartridge] %s [member] %s "
                + "[cpu] %d [memory] %d MB",
            memberContext.getApplicationId(),
            memberContext.getCartridgeType(),
            memberContext.getMemberId(),
            cpu,
            memory));

    kubernetesApi.createPod(podId, podLabel, dockerImage, cpu, memory, ports, environmentVariables);

    log.info(
        String.format(
            "Pod started successfully: [application] %s [cartridge] %s [member] %s "
                + "[pod] %s [cpu] %d [memory] %d MB",
            memberContext.getApplicationId(),
            memberContext.getCartridgeType(),
            memberContext.getMemberId(),
            podId,
            cpu,
            memory));

    // Add pod id to member context
    memberContext.setKubernetesPodId(podId);
    memberContext.setKubernetesPodLabel(podLabel);

    // Create instance metadata
    InstanceMetadata instanceMetadata = new InstanceMetadata();
    instanceMetadata.setImageId(dockerImage);
    instanceMetadata.setCpu(cpu);
    instanceMetadata.setRam(memory);
    memberContext.setInstanceMetadata(instanceMetadata);

    // Persist cloud controller context
    CloudControllerContext.getInstance().persist();
  }
  private Pod waitForPodToBeActivated(
      MemberContext memberContext, KubernetesApiClient kubernetesApi)
      throws KubernetesClientException, InterruptedException {

    Pod pod;
    boolean podCreated = false;
    boolean podRunning = false;
    long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();

    while (!podRunning) {
      pod = kubernetesApi.getPod(memberContext.getKubernetesPodId());
      if (pod != null) {
        podCreated = true;
        if (pod.getStatus().getPhase().equals(KubernetesConstants.POD_STATUS_RUNNING)) {
          log.info(
              String.format(
                  "Pod status changed to running: [application] %s [cartridge] %s [member] %s "
                      + "[pod] %s",
                  memberContext.getApplicationId(),
                  memberContext.getCartridgeType(),
                  memberContext.getMemberId(),
                  pod.getMetadata().getName()));
          return pod;
        } else {
          log.info(
              String.format(
                  "Waiting pod status to be changed to running: [application] %s "
                      + "[cartridge] %s [member] %s [pod] %s",
                  memberContext.getApplicationId(),
                  memberContext.getCartridgeType(),
                  memberContext.getMemberId(),
                  pod.getMetadata().getName()));
        }
      } else {
        log.info(
            String.format(
                "Waiting for pod to be created: [application] %s "
                    + "[cartridge] %s [member] %s [pod] %s",
                memberContext.getApplicationId(),
                memberContext.getCartridgeType(),
                memberContext.getMemberId(),
                memberContext.getKubernetesPodId()));
      }

      if ((System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime) > podActivationTimeout) {
        break;
      }
      Thread.sleep(5000);
    }

    String message;
    if (podCreated) {
      // Pod created but status did not change to running
      message =
          String.format(
              "Pod status did not change to running within %d sec: "
                  + "[application] %s [cartridge] %s [member] %s [pod] %s",
              (podActivationTimeout.intValue() / 1000),
              memberContext.getApplicationId(),
              memberContext.getCartridgeType(),
              memberContext.getMemberId(),
              memberContext.getKubernetesPodId());
      log.error(message);
    } else {
      // Pod did not create
      message =
          String.format(
              "Pod did not create within %d sec: "
                  + "[application] %s [cartridge] %s [member] %s [pod] %s",
              (podActivationTimeout.intValue() / 1000),
              memberContext.getApplicationId(),
              memberContext.getCartridgeType(),
              memberContext.getMemberId(),
              memberContext.getKubernetesPodId());
      log.error(message);
    }

    throw new RuntimeException(message);
  }