/**
   * Returns a new Hadoop Configuration object using the path to the hadoop conf configured in the
   * main configuration (flink-conf.yaml). This method is public because its being used in the
   * HadoopDataSource.
   */
  public static org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration getHadoopConfiguration() {
    Configuration retConf = new org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration();

    // We need to load both core-site.xml and hdfs-site.xml to determine the default fs path and
    // the hdfs configuration
    // Try to load HDFS configuration from Hadoop's own configuration files
    // 1. approach: Flink configuration
    final String hdfsDefaultPath =
        GlobalConfiguration.getString(ConfigConstants.HDFS_DEFAULT_CONFIG, null);
    if (hdfsDefaultPath != null) {
      retConf.addResource(new org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path(hdfsDefaultPath));
    } else {
      LOG.debug("Cannot find hdfs-default configuration file");
    }

    final String hdfsSitePath =
        GlobalConfiguration.getString(ConfigConstants.HDFS_SITE_CONFIG, null);
    if (hdfsSitePath != null) {
      retConf.addResource(new org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path(hdfsSitePath));
    } else {
      LOG.debug("Cannot find hdfs-site configuration file");
    }

    // 2. Approach environment variables
    String[] possibleHadoopConfPaths = new String[4];
    possibleHadoopConfPaths[0] =
        GlobalConfiguration.getString(ConfigConstants.PATH_HADOOP_CONFIG, null);
    possibleHadoopConfPaths[1] = System.getenv("HADOOP_CONF_DIR");

    if (System.getenv("HADOOP_HOME") != null) {
      possibleHadoopConfPaths[2] = System.getenv("HADOOP_HOME") + "/conf";
      possibleHadoopConfPaths[3] = System.getenv("HADOOP_HOME") + "/etc/hadoop"; // hadoop 2.2
    }

    for (String possibleHadoopConfPath : possibleHadoopConfPaths) {
      if (possibleHadoopConfPath != null) {
        if (new File(possibleHadoopConfPath).exists()) {
          if (new File(possibleHadoopConfPath + "/core-site.xml").exists()) {
            retConf.addResource(
                new org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path(possibleHadoopConfPath + "/core-site.xml"));

            if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
              LOG.debug(
                  "Adding " + possibleHadoopConfPath + "/core-site.xml to hadoop configuration");
            }
          }
          if (new File(possibleHadoopConfPath + "/hdfs-site.xml").exists()) {
            retConf.addResource(
                new org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path(possibleHadoopConfPath + "/hdfs-site.xml"));

            if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
              LOG.debug(
                  "Adding " + possibleHadoopConfPath + "/hdfs-site.xml to hadoop configuration");
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
    return retConf;
  }
  /**
   * Entry point for the program.
   *
   * @param args arguments from the command line
   * @throws IOException
   */
  @SuppressWarnings("static-access")
  public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
    Option configDirOpt =
        OptionBuilder.withArgName("config directory")
            .hasArg()
            .withDescription("Specify configuration directory.")
            .create("configDir");
    // tempDir option is used by the YARN client.
    Option tempDir =
        OptionBuilder.withArgName("temporary directory (overwrites configured option)")
            .hasArg()
            .withDescription("Specify temporary directory.")
            .create(ARG_CONF_DIR);
    configDirOpt.setRequired(true);
    tempDir.setRequired(false);
    Options options = new Options();
    options.addOption(configDirOpt);
    options.addOption(tempDir);

    CommandLineParser parser = new GnuParser();
    CommandLine line = null;
    try {
      line = parser.parse(options, args);
    } catch (ParseException e) {
      System.err.println("CLI Parsing failed. Reason: " + e.getMessage());
      System.exit(FAILURE_RETURN_CODE);
    }

    String configDir = line.getOptionValue(configDirOpt.getOpt(), null);
    String tempDirVal = line.getOptionValue(tempDir.getOpt(), null);

    // First, try to load global configuration
    GlobalConfiguration.loadConfiguration(configDir);
    if (tempDirVal != null // the YARN TM runner has set a value for the temp dir
        // the configuration does not contain a temp direcory
        && GlobalConfiguration.getString(ConfigConstants.TASK_MANAGER_TMP_DIR_KEY, null) == null) {
      Configuration c = GlobalConfiguration.getConfiguration();
      c.setString(ConfigConstants.TASK_MANAGER_TMP_DIR_KEY, tempDirVal);
      LOG.info("Setting temporary directory to " + tempDirVal);
      GlobalConfiguration.includeConfiguration(c);
    }

    // print some startup environment info, like user, code revision, etc
    EnvironmentInformation.logEnvironmentInfo(LOG, "TaskManager");

    // Create a new task manager object
    try {
      new TaskManager(ExecutionMode.CLUSTER);
    } catch (Exception e) {
      LOG.fatal("Taskmanager startup failed: " + e.getMessage(), e);
      System.exit(FAILURE_RETURN_CODE);
    }

    // park the main thread to keep the JVM alive (all other threads may be daemon threads)
    Object mon = new Object();
    synchronized (mon) {
      try {
        mon.wait();
      } catch (InterruptedException ex) {
      }
    }
  }
  /**
   * All parameters are obtained from the {@link GlobalConfiguration}, which must be loaded prior to
   * instantiating the task manager.
   */
  public TaskManager(ExecutionMode executionMode) throws Exception {
    if (executionMode == null) {
      throw new NullPointerException("Execution mode must not be null.");
    }

    LOG.info("Execution mode: " + executionMode);

    // IMPORTANT! At this point, the GlobalConfiguration must have been read!

    final InetSocketAddress jobManagerAddress;
    {
      LOG.info("Reading location of job manager from configuration");

      final String address =
          GlobalConfiguration.getString(ConfigConstants.JOB_MANAGER_IPC_ADDRESS_KEY, null);
      final int port =
          GlobalConfiguration.getInteger(
              ConfigConstants.JOB_MANAGER_IPC_PORT_KEY,
              ConfigConstants.DEFAULT_JOB_MANAGER_IPC_PORT);

      if (address == null) {
        throw new Exception("Job manager address not configured in the GlobalConfiguration.");
      }

      // Try to convert configured address to {@link InetAddress}
      try {
        final InetAddress tmpAddress = InetAddress.getByName(address);
        jobManagerAddress = new InetSocketAddress(tmpAddress, port);
      } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
        LOG.fatal("Could not resolve JobManager host name.");
        throw new Exception("Could not resolve JobManager host name: " + e.getMessage(), e);
      }

      LOG.info("Connecting to JobManager at: " + jobManagerAddress);
    }

    // Create RPC connection to the JobManager
    try {
      this.jobManager =
          RPC.getProxy(JobManagerProtocol.class, jobManagerAddress, NetUtils.getSocketFactory());
    } catch (IOException e) {
      LOG.fatal("Could not connect to the JobManager: " + e.getMessage(), e);
      throw new Exception("Failed to initialize connection to JobManager: " + e.getMessage(), e);
    }

    int ipcPort = GlobalConfiguration.getInteger(ConfigConstants.TASK_MANAGER_IPC_PORT_KEY, -1);
    int dataPort = GlobalConfiguration.getInteger(ConfigConstants.TASK_MANAGER_DATA_PORT_KEY, -1);
    if (ipcPort == -1) {
      ipcPort = getAvailablePort();
    }
    if (dataPort == -1) {
      dataPort = getAvailablePort();
    }

    // Determine our own public facing address and start the server
    {
      final InetAddress taskManagerAddress;
      try {
        taskManagerAddress = getTaskManagerAddress(jobManagerAddress);
      } catch (Exception e) {
        throw new RuntimeException(
            "The TaskManager failed to determine its own network address.", e);
      }

      this.localInstanceConnectionInfo =
          new InstanceConnectionInfo(taskManagerAddress, ipcPort, dataPort);
      LOG.info("TaskManager connection information:" + this.localInstanceConnectionInfo);

      // Start local RPC server
      try {
        this.taskManagerServer =
            RPC.getServer(this, taskManagerAddress.getHostAddress(), ipcPort, IPC_HANDLER_COUNT);
        this.taskManagerServer.start();
      } catch (IOException e) {
        LOG.fatal("Failed to start TaskManager server. " + e.getMessage(), e);
        throw new Exception("Failed to start taskmanager server. " + e.getMessage(), e);
      }
    }

    // Try to create local stub of the global input split provider
    try {
      this.globalInputSplitProvider =
          RPC.getProxy(
              InputSplitProviderProtocol.class, jobManagerAddress, NetUtils.getSocketFactory());
    } catch (IOException e) {
      LOG.fatal(e.getMessage(), e);
      throw new Exception(
          "Failed to initialize connection to global input split provider: " + e.getMessage(), e);
    }

    // Try to create local stub for the lookup service
    try {
      this.lookupService =
          RPC.getProxy(ChannelLookupProtocol.class, jobManagerAddress, NetUtils.getSocketFactory());
    } catch (IOException e) {
      LOG.fatal(e.getMessage(), e);
      throw new Exception("Failed to initialize channel lookup protocol. " + e.getMessage(), e);
    }

    // Try to create local stub for the accumulators
    try {
      this.accumulatorProtocolProxy =
          RPC.getProxy(AccumulatorProtocol.class, jobManagerAddress, NetUtils.getSocketFactory());
    } catch (IOException e) {
      LOG.fatal("Failed to initialize accumulator protocol: " + e.getMessage(), e);
      throw new Exception("Failed to initialize accumulator protocol: " + e.getMessage(), e);
    }

    // Load profiler if it should be used
    if (GlobalConfiguration.getBoolean(ProfilingUtils.ENABLE_PROFILING_KEY, false)) {

      final String profilerClassName =
          GlobalConfiguration.getString(
              ProfilingUtils.TASKMANAGER_CLASSNAME_KEY,
              "org.apache.flink.runtime.profiling.impl.TaskManagerProfilerImpl");

      this.profiler =
          ProfilingUtils.loadTaskManagerProfiler(
              profilerClassName, jobManagerAddress.getAddress(), this.localInstanceConnectionInfo);

      if (this.profiler == null) {
        LOG.error("Cannot find class name for the profiler.");
      } else {
        LOG.info("Profiling of jobs is enabled.");
      }
    } else {
      this.profiler = null;
      LOG.info("Profiling of jobs is disabled.");
    }

    // Get the directory for storing temporary files
    final String[] tmpDirPaths =
        GlobalConfiguration.getString(
                ConfigConstants.TASK_MANAGER_TMP_DIR_KEY,
                ConfigConstants.DEFAULT_TASK_MANAGER_TMP_PATH)
            .split(",|" + File.pathSeparator);

    checkTempDirs(tmpDirPaths);

    int numBuffers =
        GlobalConfiguration.getInteger(
            ConfigConstants.TASK_MANAGER_NETWORK_NUM_BUFFERS_KEY,
            ConfigConstants.DEFAULT_TASK_MANAGER_NETWORK_NUM_BUFFERS);

    int bufferSize =
        GlobalConfiguration.getInteger(
            ConfigConstants.TASK_MANAGER_NETWORK_BUFFER_SIZE_KEY,
            ConfigConstants.DEFAULT_TASK_MANAGER_NETWORK_BUFFER_SIZE);

    // Initialize the channel manager
    try {
      NetworkConnectionManager networkConnectionManager = null;

      switch (executionMode) {
        case LOCAL:
          networkConnectionManager = new LocalConnectionManager();
          break;
        case CLUSTER:
          int numInThreads =
              GlobalConfiguration.getInteger(
                  ConfigConstants.TASK_MANAGER_NET_NUM_IN_THREADS_KEY,
                  ConfigConstants.DEFAULT_TASK_MANAGER_NET_NUM_IN_THREADS);

          int numOutThreads =
              GlobalConfiguration.getInteger(
                  ConfigConstants.TASK_MANAGER_NET_NUM_OUT_THREADS_KEY,
                  ConfigConstants.DEFAULT_TASK_MANAGER_NET_NUM_OUT_THREADS);

          int lowWaterMark =
              GlobalConfiguration.getInteger(
                  ConfigConstants.TASK_MANAGER_NET_NETTY_LOW_WATER_MARK,
                  ConfigConstants.DEFAULT_TASK_MANAGER_NET_NETTY_LOW_WATER_MARK);

          int highWaterMark =
              GlobalConfiguration.getInteger(
                  ConfigConstants.TASK_MANAGER_NET_NETTY_HIGH_WATER_MARK,
                  ConfigConstants.DEFAULT_TASK_MANAGER_NET_NETTY_HIGH_WATER_MARK);

          networkConnectionManager =
              new NettyConnectionManager(
                  localInstanceConnectionInfo.address(),
                  localInstanceConnectionInfo.dataPort(),
                  bufferSize,
                  numInThreads,
                  numOutThreads,
                  lowWaterMark,
                  highWaterMark);
          break;
      }

      channelManager =
          new ChannelManager(
              lookupService,
              localInstanceConnectionInfo,
              numBuffers,
              bufferSize,
              networkConnectionManager);
    } catch (IOException ioe) {
      LOG.error(StringUtils.stringifyException(ioe));
      throw new Exception("Failed to instantiate ChannelManager.", ioe);
    }

    // initialize the number of slots
    {
      int slots = GlobalConfiguration.getInteger(ConfigConstants.TASK_MANAGER_NUM_TASK_SLOTS, -1);
      if (slots == -1) {
        slots = 1;
        LOG.info("Number of task slots not configured. Creating one task slot.");
      } else if (slots <= 0) {
        throw new Exception("Illegal value for the number of task slots: " + slots);
      } else {
        LOG.info("Creating " + slots + " task slot(s).");
      }
      this.numberOfSlots = slots;
    }

    this.hardwareDescription = HardwareDescriptionFactory.extractFromSystem();

    // initialize the memory manager
    {
      // Check whether the memory size has been explicitly configured.
      final long configuredMemorySize =
          GlobalConfiguration.getInteger(ConfigConstants.TASK_MANAGER_MEMORY_SIZE_KEY, -1);
      final long memorySize;

      if (configuredMemorySize == -1) {
        // no manually configured memory. take a relative fraction of the free heap space
        float fraction =
            GlobalConfiguration.getFloat(
                ConfigConstants.TASK_MANAGER_MEMORY_FRACTION_KEY,
                ConfigConstants.DEFAULT_MEMORY_MANAGER_MEMORY_FRACTION);
        memorySize = (long) (this.hardwareDescription.getSizeOfFreeMemory() * fraction);
        LOG.info("Using " + fraction + " of the free heap space for managed memory.");
      } else if (configuredMemorySize <= 0) {
        throw new Exception(
            "Invalid value for Memory Manager memory size: " + configuredMemorySize);
      } else {
        memorySize = configuredMemorySize << 20;
      }

      final int pageSize =
          GlobalConfiguration.getInteger(
              ConfigConstants.TASK_MANAGER_NETWORK_BUFFER_SIZE_KEY,
              ConfigConstants.DEFAULT_TASK_MANAGER_NETWORK_BUFFER_SIZE);

      // Initialize the memory manager
      LOG.info(
          "Initializing memory manager with "
              + (memorySize >>> 20)
              + " megabytes of memory. "
              + "Page size is "
              + pageSize
              + " bytes.");

      try {
        @SuppressWarnings("unused")
        final boolean lazyAllocation =
            GlobalConfiguration.getBoolean(
                ConfigConstants.TASK_MANAGER_MEMORY_LAZY_ALLOCATION_KEY,
                ConfigConstants.DEFAULT_TASK_MANAGER_MEMORY_LAZY_ALLOCATION);

        this.memoryManager = new DefaultMemoryManager(memorySize, this.numberOfSlots, pageSize);
      } catch (Throwable t) {
        LOG.fatal(
            "Unable to initialize memory manager with "
                + (memorySize >>> 20)
                + " megabytes of memory.",
            t);
        throw new Exception("Unable to initialize memory manager.", t);
      }
    }

    this.ioManager = new IOManager(tmpDirPaths);

    this.heartbeatThread =
        new Thread() {
          @Override
          public void run() {
            runHeartbeatLoop();
          }
        };

    this.heartbeatThread.setName("Heartbeat Thread");
    this.heartbeatThread.start();

    // --------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Memory Usage
    // --------------------------------------------------------------------

    final MemoryMXBean memoryMXBean = ManagementFactory.getMemoryMXBean();
    final List<GarbageCollectorMXBean> gcMXBeans = ManagementFactory.getGarbageCollectorMXBeans();

    LOG.info(getMemoryUsageStatsAsString(memoryMXBean));

    boolean startMemoryUsageLogThread =
        GlobalConfiguration.getBoolean(
            ConfigConstants.TASK_MANAGER_DEBUG_MEMORY_USAGE_START_LOG_THREAD,
            ConfigConstants.DEFAULT_TASK_MANAGER_DEBUG_MEMORY_USAGE_START_LOG_THREAD);

    if (startMemoryUsageLogThread && LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
      final int logIntervalMs =
          GlobalConfiguration.getInteger(
              ConfigConstants.TASK_MANAGER_DEBUG_MEMORY_USAGE_LOG_INTERVAL_MS,
              ConfigConstants.DEFAULT_TASK_MANAGER_DEBUG_MEMORY_USAGE_LOG_INTERVAL_MS);

      new Thread(
              new Runnable() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                  try {
                    while (!isShutDown()) {
                      Thread.sleep(logIntervalMs);

                      LOG.debug(getMemoryUsageStatsAsString(memoryMXBean));

                      LOG.debug(getGarbageCollectorStatsAsString(gcMXBeans));
                    }
                  } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    LOG.warn("Unexpected interruption of memory usage logger thread.");
                  }
                }
              })
          .start();
    }
  }