/** Copy local files to a FileSystem. */
  public static boolean copy(
      File src, FileSystem dstFS, Path dst, boolean deleteSource, Configuration conf)
      throws IOException {
    dst = checkDest(src.getName(), dstFS, dst, false);

    if (src.isDirectory()) {
      if (!dstFS.mkdirs(dst)) {
        return false;
      }
      File contents[] = listFiles(src);
      for (int i = 0; i < contents.length; i++) {
        copy(contents[i], dstFS, new Path(dst, contents[i].getName()), deleteSource, conf);
      }
    } else if (src.isFile()) {
      InputStream in = null;
      OutputStream out = null;
      try {
        in = new FileInputStream(src);
        out = dstFS.create(dst);
        IOUtils.copyBytes(in, out, conf);
      } catch (IOException e) {
        IOUtils.closeStream(out);
        IOUtils.closeStream(in);
        throw e;
      }
    } else {
      throw new IOException(src.toString() + ": No such file or directory");
    }
    if (deleteSource) {
      return FileUtil.fullyDelete(src);
    } else {
      return true;
    }
  }
  // the method which actually copies the caches locally and unjars/unzips them
  // and does chmod for the files
  private static Path localizeCache(
      Configuration conf, URI cache, long confFileStamp, CacheStatus cacheStatus, boolean isArchive)
      throws IOException {
    FileSystem fs = getFileSystem(cache, conf);
    FileSystem localFs = FileSystem.getLocal(conf);
    Path parchive = null;

    if (isArchive) {
      parchive =
          new Path(
              cacheStatus.localizedLoadPath, new Path(cacheStatus.localizedLoadPath.getName()));
    } else {
      parchive = cacheStatus.localizedLoadPath;
    }
    if (!localFs.mkdirs(parchive.getParent())) {
      throw new IOException(
          "Mkdirs failed to create directory " + cacheStatus.localizedLoadPath.toString());
    }
    String cacheId = cache.getPath();

    fs.copyToLocalFile(new Path(cacheId), parchive);
    if (isArchive) {
      String tmpArchive = parchive.toString().toLowerCase();
      File srcFile = new File(parchive.toString());
      File destDir = new File(parchive.getParent().toString());
      if (tmpArchive.endsWith(".jar")) {
        RunJar.unJar(srcFile, destDir);
      } else if (tmpArchive.endsWith(".zip")) {
        FileUtil.unZip(srcFile, destDir);
      } else if (isTarFile(tmpArchive)) {
        FileUtil.unTar(srcFile, destDir);
      }
      // else will not do anyhting
      // and copy the file into the dir as it is
    }
    long cacheSize = FileUtil.getDU(new File(parchive.getParent().toString()));
    cacheStatus.size = cacheSize;
    addCacheInfoUpdate(cacheStatus);

    // do chmod here
    try {
      // Setting recursive permission to grant everyone read and execute
      Path localDir = new Path(cacheStatus.localizedBaseDir, cacheStatus.uniqueParentDir);
      LOG.info("Doing chmod on localdir :" + localDir);
      FileUtil.chmod(localDir.toString(), "ugo+rx", true);
    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
      LOG.warn("Exception in chmod" + e.toString());
    }

    // update cacheStatus to reflect the newly cached file
    cacheStatus.mtime = getTimestamp(conf, cache);
    return cacheStatus.localizedLoadPath;
  }
  /** Copy files between FileSystems. */
  public static boolean copy(
      FileSystem srcFS,
      Path src,
      FileSystem dstFS,
      Path dst,
      boolean deleteSource,
      boolean overwrite,
      Configuration conf)
      throws IOException {
    dst = checkDest(src.getName(), dstFS, dst, overwrite);

    if (srcFS.getFileStatus(src).isDir()) {
      checkDependencies(srcFS, src, dstFS, dst);
      if (!dstFS.mkdirs(dst)) {
        return false;
      }
      FileStatus contents[] = srcFS.listStatus(src);
      for (int i = 0; i < contents.length; i++) {
        copy(
            srcFS,
            contents[i].getPath(),
            dstFS,
            new Path(dst, contents[i].getPath().getName()),
            deleteSource,
            overwrite,
            conf);
      }
    } else if (srcFS.isFile(src)) {
      InputStream in = null;
      OutputStream out = null;
      try {
        in = srcFS.open(src);
        out = dstFS.create(dst, overwrite);
        IOUtils.copyBytes(in, out, conf, true);
      } catch (IOException e) {
        IOUtils.closeStream(out);
        IOUtils.closeStream(in);
        throw e;
      }
    } else {
      throw new IOException(src.toString() + ": No such file or directory");
    }
    if (deleteSource) {
      return srcFS.delete(src, true);
    } else {
      return true;
    }
  }
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  /** Start the JobTracker process, listen on the indicated port */
  JobTracker(Configuration conf) throws IOException {
    //
    // Grab some static constants
    //
    maxCurrentTasks = conf.getInt("mapred.tasktracker.tasks.maximum", 2);
    RETIRE_JOB_INTERVAL = conf.getLong("mapred.jobtracker.retirejob.interval", 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000);
    RETIRE_JOB_CHECK_INTERVAL = conf.getLong("mapred.jobtracker.retirejob.check", 60 * 1000);
    TASK_ALLOC_EPSILON = conf.getFloat("mapred.jobtracker.taskalloc.loadbalance.epsilon", 0.2f);
    PAD_FRACTION = conf.getFloat("mapred.jobtracker.taskalloc.capacitypad", 0.1f);
    MIN_SLOTS_FOR_PADDING = 3 * maxCurrentTasks;

    // This is a directory of temporary submission files.  We delete it
    // on startup, and can delete any files that we're done with
    this.conf = conf;
    JobConf jobConf = new JobConf(conf);
    this.systemDir = jobConf.getSystemDir();
    this.fs = FileSystem.get(conf);
    FileUtil.fullyDelete(fs, systemDir);
    fs.mkdirs(systemDir);

    // Same with 'localDir' except it's always on the local disk.
    jobConf.deleteLocalFiles(SUBDIR);

    // Set ports, start RPC servers, etc.
    InetSocketAddress addr = getAddress(conf);
    this.localMachine = addr.getHostName();
    this.port = addr.getPort();
    this.interTrackerServer = RPC.getServer(this, addr.getPort(), 10, false, conf);
    this.interTrackerServer.start();
    Properties p = System.getProperties();
    for (Iterator it = p.keySet().iterator(); it.hasNext(); ) {
      String key = (String) it.next();
      String val = (String) p.getProperty(key);
      LOG.info("Property '" + key + "' is " + val);
    }

    this.infoPort = conf.getInt("mapred.job.tracker.info.port", 50030);
    this.infoServer = new JobTrackerInfoServer(this, infoPort);
    this.infoServer.start();

    this.startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();

    new Thread(this.expireTrackers).start();
    new Thread(this.retireJobs).start();
    new Thread(this.initJobs).start();
  }