private static void evaluate(
      String inFileName, String inFileFormat, int candPerSen, int testIndex) throws Exception {
    // candPerSen: how many candidates are provided per sentence?
    //             (if inFileFormat is nbest, then candPerSen is ignored, since it is variable)
    // testIndex: which of the candidates (for each sentence) should be tested?
    //            e.g. testIndex=1 means first candidate should be evaluated
    //                 testIndex=candPerSen means last candidate should be evaluated

    if (inFileFormat.equals("plain") && candPerSen < 1) {
      println("candPerSen must be positive for a file in plain format.");
      System.exit(30);
    }

    if (inFileFormat.equals("plain") && (testIndex < 1 || testIndex > candPerSen)) {
      println("For the plain format, testIndex must be in [1,candPerSen]");
      System.exit(31);
    }

    // read the candidates
    String[] topCand_str = new String[numSentences];

    BufferedReader inFile = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(inFileName));
    String line, candidate_str;

    if (inFileFormat.equals("plain")) {

      for (int i = 0; i < numSentences; ++i) {

        // skip candidates 1 through testIndex-1
        for (int n = 1; n < testIndex; ++n) {
          line = inFile.readLine();
        }

        // read testIndex'th candidate
        candidate_str = inFile.readLine();

        topCand_str[i] = candidate_str;

        for (int n = testIndex + 1; n <= candPerSen; ++n) {
          // skip candidates testIndex+1 through candPerSen-1
          line = inFile.readLine();
        }
      } // for (i)

    } else { // nbest format

      int i = 0;
      int n = 1;
      line = inFile.readLine();

      while (line != null && i < numSentences) {

        /*
        line format:

        .* ||| words of candidate translation . ||| feat-1_val feat-2_val ... feat-numParams_val .*

        */

        while (n < candRank) {
          line = inFile.readLine();
          ++n;
        }

        // at the moment, line stores the candRank'th candidate (1-indexed) of the i'th sentence
        // (0-indexed)

        if (line == null) {
          println(
              "Not enough candidates in "
                  + inFileName
                  + " to extract the "
                  + candRank
                  + "'th candidate for each sentence.");
          println("(Failed to extract one for the " + i + "'th sentence (0-indexed).)");
          System.exit(32);
        }

        int read_i = Integer.parseInt(line.substring(0, line.indexOf(" |||")));
        if (read_i == i) {
          line = line.substring(line.indexOf("||| ") + 4); // get rid of initial text
          candidate_str = line.substring(0, line.indexOf(" |||"));
          topCand_str[i] = candidate_str;
          if (i < numSentences - 1) {
            while (read_i == i) {
              line = inFile.readLine();
              read_i = Integer.parseInt(line.substring(0, line.indexOf(" |||")));
            }
          }
          n = 1;
          i += 1;
        } else {
          println(
              "Not enough candidates in "
                  + inFileName
                  + " to extract the "
                  + candRank
                  + "'th candidate for each sentence.");
          println("(Failed to extract one for the " + i + "'th sentence (0-indexed).)");
          System.exit(32);
        }
      } // while (line != null)

      if (i != numSentences) {
        println(
            "Not enough candidates were found (i = " + i + "; was expecting " + numSentences + ")");
        System.exit(33);
      }
    }

    inFile.close();

    evalMetric.printDetailedScore(topCand_str, false);

    if (verbose) {
      println("");
      println("Printing detailed scores for individual sentences...");
      for (int i = 0; i < numSentences; ++i) {
        print("Sentence #" + i + ": ");
        evalMetric.printDetailedScore(topCand_str[i], i, true);
        // already prints a \n
      }
    }
  } // void evaluate(...)