public Dependent4 persistDependent4(EntityManager em, int id, Employee4 p) {
   Dependent4 c = new Dependent4();
   c.setId(id);
   c.setParent(p);
   em.persist(c);
   return c;
 }
 public Employee4 mergeEmployee4(EntityManager em, int id) {
   Employee4 e = new Employee4();
   e.setAge(id);
   e = em.merge(e);
   for (int i = 0; i < numDependentsPerEmployee; i++) {
     Dependent4 d = new Dependent4();
     d.setId(dId4++);
     d.setParent(e);
     // do not need to merge d, as Employee is cascade.All
     d = em.merge(d);
     e.addChild(d);
   }
   return e;
 }