// Embed position adjustment patterns if need be.
 private static void maybeEmbedPositionAdjustmentPatterns(int version, ByteMatrix matrix)
     throws WriterException {
   if (version < 2) { // The patterns appear if version >= 2
     return;
   }
   int index = version - 1;
   int[] coordinates = POSITION_ADJUSTMENT_PATTERN_COORDINATE_TABLE[index];
   int numCoordinates = POSITION_ADJUSTMENT_PATTERN_COORDINATE_TABLE[index].length;
   for (int i = 0; i < numCoordinates; ++i) {
     for (int j = 0; j < numCoordinates; ++j) {
       int y = coordinates[i];
       int x = coordinates[j];
       if (x == -1 || y == -1) {
         continue;
       }
       // If the cell is unset, we embed the position adjustment
       // pattern here.
       if (isEmpty(matrix.get(x, y))) {
         // -2 is necessary since the x/y coordinates point to the
         // center of the pattern,
         // not the
         // left top corner.
         embedPositionAdjustmentPattern(x - 2, y - 2, matrix);
       }
     }
   }
 }
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 public int at(int k, int l) {
   byte byte0 = j.get(k, l);
   if (byte0 != 0 && byte0 != 1) {
     throw new IllegalStateException("Bad value");
   } else {
     return byte0;
   }
 }
  private static void embedTimingPatterns(ByteMatrix matrix) throws WriterException {

    for (int i = 8; i < matrix.getWidth() - 8; ++i) {
      int bit = (i + 1) % 2;

      if (!isValidValue(matrix.get(i, 6))) {
        throw new WriterException();
      }
      if (isEmpty(matrix.get(i, 6))) {
        matrix.set(i, 6, bit);
      }

      if (!isValidValue(matrix.get(6, i))) {
        throw new WriterException();
      }
      if (isEmpty(matrix.get(6, i))) {
        matrix.set(6, i, bit);
      }
    }
  }
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 private static void embedTimingPatterns(ByteMatrix matrix) throws WriterException {
   // -8 is for skipping position detection patterns (size 7), and two horizontal/vertical
   // separation patterns (size 1). Thus, 8 = 7 + 1.
   for (int i = 8; i < matrix.getWidth() - 8; ++i) {
     int bit = (i + 1) % 2;
     // Horizontal line.
     if (!isValidValue(matrix.get(i, 6))) {
       throw new WriterException();
     }
     if (isEmpty(matrix.get(i, 6))) {
       matrix.set(i, 6, bit);
     }
     // Vertical line.
     if (!isValidValue(matrix.get(6, i))) {
       throw new WriterException();
     }
     if (isEmpty(matrix.get(6, i))) {
       matrix.set(6, i, bit);
     }
   }
 }
  private static void embedVerticalSeparationPattern(int xStart, int yStart, ByteMatrix matrix)
      throws WriterException {

    if (VERTICAL_SEPARATION_PATTERN[0].length != 1 || VERTICAL_SEPARATION_PATTERN.length != 7) {
      throw new WriterException("Bad vertical separation pattern");
    }
    for (int y = 0; y < 7; ++y) {
      if (!isEmpty(matrix.get(xStart, yStart + y))) {
        throw new WriterException();
      }
      matrix.set(xStart, yStart + y, VERTICAL_SEPARATION_PATTERN[y][0]);
    }
  }
  private static void embedHorizontalSeparationPattern(int xStart, int yStart, ByteMatrix matrix)
      throws WriterException {

    if (HORIZONTAL_SEPARATION_PATTERN[0].length != 8 || HORIZONTAL_SEPARATION_PATTERN.length != 1) {
      throw new WriterException("Bad horizontal separation pattern");
    }
    for (int x = 0; x < 8; ++x) {
      if (!isEmpty(matrix.get(xStart + x, yStart))) {
        throw new WriterException();
      }
      matrix.set(xStart + x, yStart, HORIZONTAL_SEPARATION_PATTERN[0][x]);
    }
  }
  // Embed "dataBits" using "getMaskPattern". On success, modify the matrix
  // and return true.
  // For debugging purposes, it skips masking process if "getMaskPattern" is
  // -1.
  // See 8.7 of JISX0510:2004 (p.38) for how to embed data bits.
  static void embedDataBits(BitArray dataBits, int maskPattern, ByteMatrix matrix)
      throws WriterException {
    int bitIndex = 0;
    int direction = -1;
    // Start from the right bottom cell.
    int x = matrix.getWidth() - 1;
    int y = matrix.getHeight() - 1;
    while (x > 0) {
      // Skip the vertical timing pattern.
      if (x == 6) {
        x -= 1;
      }
      while (y >= 0 && y < matrix.getHeight()) {
        for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {
          int xx = x - i;
          // Skip the cell if it's not empty.
          if (!isEmpty(matrix.get(xx, y))) {
            continue;
          }
          boolean bit;
          if (bitIndex < dataBits.getSize()) {
            bit = dataBits.get(bitIndex);
            ++bitIndex;
          } else {
            // Padding bit. If there is no bit left, we'll fill the
            // left cells with 0,
            // as described
            // in 8.4.9 of JISX0510:2004 (p. 24).
            bit = false;
          }

          // Skip masking if mask_pattern is -1.
          if (maskPattern != -1) {
            if (MaskUtil.getDataMaskBit(maskPattern, xx, y)) {
              bit = !bit;
            }
          }
          matrix.set(xx, y, bit);
        }
        y += direction;
      }
      direction = -direction; // Reverse the direction.
      y += direction;
      x -= 2; // Move to the left.
    }
    // All bits should be consumed.
    if (bitIndex != dataBits.getSize()) {
      throw new WriterException("Not all bits consumed: " + bitIndex + '/' + dataBits.getSize());
    }
  }
  private static void embedPositionDetectionPattern(int xStart, int yStart, ByteMatrix matrix)
      throws WriterException {

    if (POSITION_DETECTION_PATTERN[0].length != 7 || POSITION_DETECTION_PATTERN.length != 7) {
      throw new WriterException("Bad position detection pattern");
    }
    for (int y = 0; y < 7; ++y) {
      for (int x = 0; x < 7; ++x) {
        if (!isEmpty(matrix.get(xStart + x, yStart + y))) {
          throw new WriterException();
        }
        matrix.set(xStart + x, yStart + y, POSITION_DETECTION_PATTERN[y][x]);
      }
    }
  }
  private static void embedPositionAdjustmentPattern(int xStart, int yStart, ByteMatrix matrix)
      throws WriterException {

    if (POSITION_ADJUSTMENT_PATTERN[0].length != 5 || POSITION_ADJUSTMENT_PATTERN.length != 5) {
      throw new WriterException("Bad position adjustment");
    }
    for (int y = 0; y < 5; ++y) {
      for (int x = 0; x < 5; ++x) {
        if (!isEmpty(matrix.get(xStart + x, yStart + y))) {
          throw new WriterException();
        }
        matrix.set(xStart + x, yStart + y, POSITION_ADJUSTMENT_PATTERN[y][x]);
      }
    }
  }
  static void embedDataBits(BitArray dataBits, int maskPattern, ByteMatrix matrix)
      throws WriterException {
    int bitIndex = 0;
    int direction = -1;

    int x = matrix.getWidth() - 1;
    int y = matrix.getHeight() - 1;
    while (x > 0) {

      if (x == 6) {
        x -= 1;
      }
      while (y >= 0 && y < matrix.getHeight()) {
        for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {
          int xx = x - i;

          if (!isEmpty(matrix.get(xx, y))) {
            continue;
          }
          boolean bit;
          if (bitIndex < dataBits.getSize()) {
            bit = dataBits.get(bitIndex);
            ++bitIndex;
          } else {

            bit = false;
          }

          if (maskPattern != -1) {
            if (MaskUtil.getDataMaskBit(maskPattern, xx, y)) {
              bit = !bit;
            }
          }
          matrix.set(xx, y, bit);
        }
        y += direction;
      }
      direction = -direction;
      y += direction;
      x -= 2;
    }

    if (bitIndex != dataBits.getSize()) {
      throw new WriterException("Not all bits consumed: " + bitIndex + '/' + dataBits.getSize());
    }
  }
  private static void maybeEmbedPositionAdjustmentPatterns(int version, ByteMatrix matrix)
      throws WriterException {
    if (version < 2) {
      return;
    }
    int index = version - 1;
    int[] coordinates = POSITION_ADJUSTMENT_PATTERN_COORDINATE_TABLE[index];
    int numCoordinates = POSITION_ADJUSTMENT_PATTERN_COORDINATE_TABLE[index].length;
    for (int i = 0; i < numCoordinates; ++i) {
      for (int j = 0; j < numCoordinates; ++j) {
        int y = coordinates[i];
        int x = coordinates[j];
        if (x == -1 || y == -1) {
          continue;
        }

        if (isEmpty(matrix.get(x, y))) {

          embedPositionAdjustmentPattern(x - 2, y - 2, matrix);
        }
      }
    }
  }
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  // Note that the input matrix uses 0 == white, 1 == black, while the output matrix uses
  // 0 == black, 255 == white (i.e. an 8 bit greyscale bitmap).
  private static BitMatrix renderResult(QRCode code, int width, int height, int quietZone) {
    ByteMatrix input = code.getMatrix();
    if (input == null) {
      throw new IllegalStateException();
    }
    int inputWidth = input.getWidth();
    int inputHeight = input.getHeight();
    int qrWidth = inputWidth + (quietZone << 1);
    int qrHeight = inputHeight + (quietZone << 1);
    int outputWidth = Math.max(width, qrWidth);
    int outputHeight = Math.max(height, qrHeight);

    int multiple = Math.min(outputWidth / qrWidth, outputHeight / qrHeight);
    // Padding includes both the quiet zone and the extra white pixels to accommodate the requested
    // dimensions. For example, if input is 25x25 the QR will be 33x33 including the quiet zone.
    // If the requested size is 200x160, the multiple will be 4, for a QR of 132x132. These will
    // handle all the padding from 100x100 (the actual QR) up to 200x160.
    int leftPadding = (outputWidth - (inputWidth * multiple)) / 2;
    int topPadding = (outputHeight - (inputHeight * multiple)) / 2;

    BitMatrix output = new BitMatrix(outputWidth, outputHeight);

    for (int inputY = 0, outputY = topPadding;
        inputY < inputHeight;
        inputY++, outputY += multiple) {
      // Write the contents of this row of the barcode
      for (int inputX = 0, outputX = leftPadding;
          inputX < inputWidth;
          inputX++, outputX += multiple) {
        if (input.get(inputX, inputY) == 1) {
          output.setRegion(outputX, outputY, multiple, multiple);
        }
      }
    }

    return output;
  }
 private static void embedDarkDotAtLeftBottomCorner(ByteMatrix matrix) throws WriterException {
   if (matrix.get(8, matrix.getHeight() - 8) == 0) {
     throw new WriterException();
   }
   matrix.set(8, matrix.getHeight() - 8, 1);
 }