public void paint(
     final Graphics2D graphics, final LiteShape2 shape, final Style2D style, final double scale) {
   paint(graphics, shape, style, scale, false);
 }
  /**
   * Takes a GetLegendGraphicRequest and produces a BufferedImage that then can be used by a
   * subclass to encode it to the appropriate output format.
   *
   * @param request the "parsed" request, where "parsed" means that it's values are already
   *     validated so this method must not take care of verifying the requested layer exists and the
   *     like.
   * @throws ServiceException if there are problems creating a "sample" feature instance for the
   *     FeatureType <code>request</code> returns as the required layer (which should not occur).
   */
  public BufferedImage buildLegendGraphic(GetLegendGraphicRequest request) throws ServiceException {
    // list of images to be rendered for the layers (more than one if
    // a layer group is given)
    List<RenderedImage> layersImages = new ArrayList<RenderedImage>();

    List<LegendRequest> layers = request.getLegends();
    // List<FeatureType> layers=request.getLayers();
    // List<Style> styles=request.getStyles();
    // List<String> rules=request.getRules();

    boolean forceLabelsOn = false;
    boolean forceLabelsOff = false;
    if (request.getLegendOptions().get("forceLabels") instanceof String) {
      String forceLabelsOpt = (String) request.getLegendOptions().get("forceLabels");
      if (forceLabelsOpt.equalsIgnoreCase("on")) {
        forceLabelsOn = true;
      } else if (forceLabelsOpt.equalsIgnoreCase("off")) {
        forceLabelsOff = true;
      }
    }

    boolean forceTitlesOff = false;
    if (request.getLegendOptions().get("forceTitles") instanceof String) {
      String forceTitlesOpt = (String) request.getLegendOptions().get("forceTitles");
      if (forceTitlesOpt.equalsIgnoreCase("off")) {
        forceTitlesOff = true;
      }
    }

    for (LegendRequest legend : layers) {
      FeatureType layer = legend.getFeatureType();

      // style and rule to use for the current layer
      Style gt2Style = legend.getStyle();
      if (gt2Style == null) {
        throw new NullPointerException("request.getStyle()");
      }

      // get rule corresponding to the layer index
      // normalize to null for NO RULE
      String ruleName = legend.getRule(); // was null

      // width and height, we might have to rescale those in case of DPI usage
      int w = request.getWidth();
      int h = request.getHeight();

      // apply dpi rescale
      double dpi = RendererUtilities.getDpi(request.getLegendOptions());
      double standardDpi = RendererUtilities.getDpi(Collections.emptyMap());
      if (dpi != standardDpi) {
        double scaleFactor = dpi / standardDpi;
        w = (int) Math.round(w * scaleFactor);
        h = (int) Math.round(h * scaleFactor);
        DpiRescaleStyleVisitor dpiVisitor = new DpiRescaleStyleVisitor(scaleFactor);
        dpiVisitor.visit(gt2Style);
        gt2Style = (Style) dpiVisitor.getCopy();
      }
      // apply UOM rescaling if we have a scale
      if (request.getScale() > 0) {
        double pixelsPerMeters =
            RendererUtilities.calculatePixelsPerMeterRatio(
                request.getScale(), request.getLegendOptions());
        UomRescaleStyleVisitor rescaleVisitor = new UomRescaleStyleVisitor(pixelsPerMeters);
        rescaleVisitor.visit(gt2Style);
        gt2Style = (Style) rescaleVisitor.getCopy();
      }

      boolean strict = request.isStrict();

      final boolean transparent = request.isTransparent();
      RenderedImage titleImage = null;
      // if we have more than one layer, we put a title on top of each layer legend
      if (layers.size() > 1 && !forceTitlesOff) {
        titleImage = getLayerTitle(legend, w, h, transparent, request);
      }

      // Check for rendering transformation
      boolean hasVectorTransformation = false;
      boolean hasRasterTransformation = false;
      List<FeatureTypeStyle> ftsList = gt2Style.featureTypeStyles();
      for (int i = 0; i < ftsList.size(); i++) {
        FeatureTypeStyle fts = ftsList.get(i);
        Expression exp = fts.getTransformation();
        if (exp != null) {
          ProcessFunction processFunction = (ProcessFunction) exp;
          Name processName = processFunction.getProcessName();
          Map<String, Parameter<?>> outputs = Processors.getResultInfo(processName, null);
          if (outputs.isEmpty()) {
            continue;
          }
          Parameter<?> output =
              outputs.values().iterator().next(); // we assume there is only one output
          if (SimpleFeatureCollection.class.isAssignableFrom(output.getType())) {
            hasVectorTransformation = true;
            break;
          } else if (GridCoverage2D.class.isAssignableFrom(output.getType())) {
            hasRasterTransformation = true;
            break;
          }
        }
      }

      final boolean buildRasterLegend =
          (!strict && layer == null && LegendUtils.checkRasterSymbolizer(gt2Style))
              || (LegendUtils.checkGridLayer(layer) && !hasVectorTransformation)
              || hasRasterTransformation;

      // Just checks LegendInfo currently, should check gtStyle
      final boolean useProvidedLegend = layer != null && legend.getLayerInfo() != null;

      RenderedImage legendImage = null;
      if (useProvidedLegend) {
        legendImage = getLayerLegend(legend, w, h, transparent, request);
      }

      if (buildRasterLegend) {
        final RasterLayerLegendHelper rasterLegendHelper =
            new RasterLayerLegendHelper(request, gt2Style, ruleName);
        final BufferedImage image = rasterLegendHelper.getLegend();
        if (image != null) {
          if (titleImage != null) {
            layersImages.add(titleImage);
          }
          layersImages.add(image);
        }
      } else if (useProvidedLegend && legendImage != null) {
        if (titleImage != null) {
          layersImages.add(titleImage);
        }
        layersImages.add(legendImage);
      } else {
        final Feature sampleFeature;
        if (layer == null || hasVectorTransformation) {
          sampleFeature = createSampleFeature();
        } else {
          sampleFeature = createSampleFeature(layer);
        }
        final FeatureTypeStyle[] ftStyles =
            gt2Style.featureTypeStyles().toArray(new FeatureTypeStyle[0]);
        final double scaleDenominator = request.getScale();

        final Rule[] applicableRules;

        if (ruleName != null) {
          Rule rule = LegendUtils.getRule(ftStyles, ruleName);
          if (rule == null) {
            throw new ServiceException(
                "Specified style does not contains a rule named " + ruleName);
          }
          applicableRules = new Rule[] {rule};
        } else {
          applicableRules = LegendUtils.getApplicableRules(ftStyles, scaleDenominator);
        }

        final NumberRange<Double> scaleRange =
            NumberRange.create(scaleDenominator, scaleDenominator);
        final int ruleCount = applicableRules.length;

        /**
         * A legend graphic is produced for each applicable rule. They're being held here until the
         * process is done and then painted on a "stack" like legend.
         */
        final List<RenderedImage> legendsStack = new ArrayList<RenderedImage>(ruleCount);

        final SLDStyleFactory styleFactory = new SLDStyleFactory();

        double minimumSymbolSize = MINIMUM_SYMBOL_SIZE;
        // get minSymbolSize from LEGEND_OPTIONS, if defined
        if (request.getLegendOptions().get("minSymbolSize") instanceof String) {
          String minSymbolSizeOpt = (String) request.getLegendOptions().get("minSymbolSize");
          try {
            minimumSymbolSize = Double.parseDouble(minSymbolSizeOpt);
          } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid minSymbolSize value: should be a number");
          }
        }
        // calculate the symbols rescaling factor necessary for them to be
        // drawn inside the icon box
        double symbolScale =
            calcSymbolScale(w, h, layer, sampleFeature, applicableRules, minimumSymbolSize);

        for (int i = 0; i < ruleCount; i++) {

          final RenderedImage image =
              ImageUtils.createImage(w, h, (IndexColorModel) null, transparent);
          final Map<RenderingHints.Key, Object> hintsMap =
              new HashMap<RenderingHints.Key, Object>();
          final Graphics2D graphics =
              ImageUtils.prepareTransparency(
                  transparent, LegendUtils.getBackgroundColor(request), image, hintsMap);
          graphics.setRenderingHint(
              RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);

          Feature sample = getSampleFeatureForRule(layer, sampleFeature, applicableRules[i]);

          FilterFactory ff = CommonFactoryFinder.getFilterFactory();
          final Symbolizer[] symbolizers = applicableRules[i].getSymbolizers();
          final GraphicLegend graphic = applicableRules[i].getLegend();

          // If this rule has a legend graphic defined in the SLD, use it
          if (graphic != null) {
            if (this.samplePoint == null) {
              Coordinate coord = new Coordinate(w / 2, h / 2);

              try {
                this.samplePoint = new LiteShape2(geomFac.createPoint(coord), null, null, false);
              } catch (Exception e) {
                this.samplePoint = null;
              }
            }
            shapePainter.paint(graphics, this.samplePoint, graphic, scaleDenominator, false);

          } else {

            for (int sIdx = 0; sIdx < symbolizers.length; sIdx++) {
              Symbolizer symbolizer = symbolizers[sIdx];

              if (symbolizer instanceof RasterSymbolizer) {
                // skip it
              } else {
                // rescale symbols if needed
                if (symbolScale > 1.0 && symbolizer instanceof PointSymbolizer) {
                  PointSymbolizer pointSymbolizer = cloneSymbolizer(symbolizer);
                  if (pointSymbolizer.getGraphic() != null) {
                    double size =
                        getPointSymbolizerSize(sample, pointSymbolizer, Math.min(w, h) - 4);
                    pointSymbolizer
                        .getGraphic()
                        .setSize(ff.literal(size / symbolScale + minimumSymbolSize));

                    symbolizer = pointSymbolizer;
                  }
                }

                Style2D style2d = styleFactory.createStyle(sample, symbolizer, scaleRange);
                LiteShape2 shape = getSampleShape(symbolizer, w, h);

                if (style2d != null) {
                  shapePainter.paint(graphics, shape, style2d, scaleDenominator);
                }
              }
            }
          }
          if (image != null && titleImage != null) {
            layersImages.add(titleImage);
            titleImage = null;
          }
          legendsStack.add(image);
          graphics.dispose();
        }

        // JD: changed legend behavior, see GEOS-812
        // this.legendGraphic = scaleImage(mergeLegends(legendsStack), request);
        BufferedImage image =
            mergeLegends(legendsStack, applicableRules, request, forceLabelsOn, forceLabelsOff);
        if (image != null) {
          layersImages.add(image);
        }
      }
    }
    // all legend graphics are merged if we have a layer group
    BufferedImage finalLegend =
        mergeLegends(layersImages, null, request, forceLabelsOn, forceLabelsOff);
    if (finalLegend == null) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException("no legend passed");
    }
    return finalLegend;
  }
  /**
   * Paints a graphic fill for a given shape.
   *
   * @param graphics Graphics2D on which to paint.
   * @param shape Shape whose fill is to be painted.
   * @param graphicFill a Style2D that specified the graphic fill.
   * @param scale the scale of the current render.
   * @throws TransformException
   * @throws FactoryException
   */
  private void paintGraphicFill(
      Graphics2D graphics, Shape shape, Style2D graphicFill, double scale) {
    // retrieves the bounds of the provided shape
    Rectangle2D boundsShape = shape.getBounds2D();

    // retrieves the size of the stipple to be painted based on the provided graphic fill
    Rectangle2D stippleSize = null;
    if (graphicFill instanceof MarkStyle2D) {
      Rectangle2D boundsFill = ((MarkStyle2D) graphicFill).getShape().getBounds2D();
      double size = ((MarkStyle2D) graphicFill).getSize();
      double aspect =
          (boundsFill.getHeight() > 0 && boundsFill.getWidth() > 0)
              ? boundsFill.getWidth() / boundsFill.getHeight()
              : 1.0;
      stippleSize = new Rectangle2D.Double(0, 0, size * aspect, size);
    } else if (graphicFill instanceof IconStyle2D) {
      Icon icon = ((IconStyle2D) graphicFill).getIcon();
      stippleSize = new Rectangle2D.Double(0, 0, icon.getIconWidth(), icon.getIconHeight());
    } else {
      // if graphic fill does not provide bounds information, it is considered
      // to be unsupported for stipple painting
      return;
    }

    // computes the number of times the graphic will be painted as a stipple
    int toX = (int) Math.ceil(boundsShape.getWidth() / stippleSize.getWidth());
    int toY = (int) Math.ceil(boundsShape.getHeight() / stippleSize.getHeight());

    // creates a copy of the Graphics so that we can change it freely
    Graphics2D g = (Graphics2D) graphics.create();
    // adds the provided shape to the Graphics current clip region
    g.clip(shape);
    // retrieves the full clip region
    Shape clipShape = g.getClip();
    Rectangle2D boundsClip = clipShape.getBounds2D();

    // adjust the iteration indexes to avoid iterating a lot over areas that we won't be rendering
    int fromX = 0;
    if (boundsClip.getMinX() > boundsShape.getMinX()) {
      fromX =
          (int) Math.floor((boundsClip.getMinX() - boundsShape.getMinX()) / stippleSize.getWidth());
    }
    if (boundsClip.getMaxX() < boundsShape.getMaxX()) {
      toX -=
          (int) Math.floor((boundsShape.getMaxX() - boundsClip.getMaxX()) / stippleSize.getWidth());
    }

    // adjust the iteration indexes to avoid iterating a lot over areas that we won't be rendering
    int fromY = 0;
    if (boundsClip.getMinY() > boundsShape.getMinY()) {
      fromY =
          (int)
              Math.floor((boundsClip.getMinY() - boundsShape.getMinY()) / stippleSize.getHeight());
    }
    if (boundsClip.getMaxY() < boundsShape.getMaxY()) {
      toY -=
          (int)
              Math.floor((boundsShape.getMaxY() - boundsClip.getMaxY()) / stippleSize.getHeight());
    }

    // paints graphic fill as a stipple
    for (int i = fromX; i < toX; i++) {
      for (int j = fromY; j < toY; j++) {
        // computes this stipple's shift in the X and Y directions
        double translateX = boundsShape.getMinX() + i * stippleSize.getWidth();
        double translateY = boundsShape.getMinY() + j * stippleSize.getHeight();

        // only does anything if current stipple intersects the clip region
        if (!clipShape.intersects(
            translateX, translateY, stippleSize.getWidth(), stippleSize.getHeight())) continue;

        // creates a LiteShape2 for the stipple and paints it
        LiteShape2 stippleShape = createStippleShape(stippleSize, translateX, translateY);
        paint(g, stippleShape, graphicFill, scale);
      }
    }
  }