boolean record(AVFrame frame) throws Exception {
    int ret;

    av_init_packet(audio_pkt);
    audio_pkt.data(audio_outbuf);
    audio_pkt.size(audio_outbuf_size);
    if ((ret = avcodec_encode_audio2(audio_c, audio_pkt, frame, got_audio_packet)) < 0) {
      throw new Exception(
          "avcodec_encode_audio2() error " + ret + ": Could not encode audio packet.");
    }
    if (frame != null) {
      frame.pts(frame.pts() + frame.nb_samples()); // magic required by libvorbis and webm
    }
    if (got_audio_packet[0] != 0) {
      if (audio_pkt.pts() != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
        audio_pkt.pts(av_rescale_q(audio_pkt.pts(), audio_c.time_base(), audio_st.time_base()));
      }
      if (audio_pkt.dts() != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
        audio_pkt.dts(av_rescale_q(audio_pkt.dts(), audio_c.time_base(), audio_st.time_base()));
      }
      audio_pkt.flags(audio_pkt.flags() | AV_PKT_FLAG_KEY);
      audio_pkt.stream_index(audio_st.index());
    } else {
      return false;
    }

    /* write the compressed frame in the media file */
    synchronized (oc) {
      if (interleaved && video_st != null) {
        if ((ret = av_interleaved_write_frame(oc, audio_pkt)) < 0) {
          throw new Exception(
              "av_interleaved_write_frame() error "
                  + ret
                  + " while writing interleaved audio frame.");
        }
      } else {
        if ((ret = av_write_frame(oc, audio_pkt)) < 0) {
          throw new Exception("av_write_frame() error " + ret + " while writing audio frame.");
        }
      }
    }
    return true;
  }
  public boolean recordImage(
      int width, int height, int depth, int channels, int stride, int pixelFormat, Buffer... image)
      throws Exception {
    if (video_st == null) {
      throw new Exception(
          "No video output stream (Is imageWidth > 0 && imageHeight > 0 and has start() been called?)");
    }
    int ret;

    if (image == null || image.length == 0) {
      /* no more frame to compress. The codec has a latency of a few
      frames if using B frames, so we get the last frames by
      passing the same picture again */
    } else {
      int step = stride * Math.abs(depth) / 8;
      BytePointer data =
          image[0] instanceof ByteBuffer
              ? new BytePointer((ByteBuffer) image[0].position(0))
              : new BytePointer(new Pointer(image[0].position(0)));

      if (pixelFormat == AV_PIX_FMT_NONE) {
        if ((depth == Frame.DEPTH_UBYTE || depth == Frame.DEPTH_BYTE) && channels == 3) {
          pixelFormat = AV_PIX_FMT_BGR24;
        } else if ((depth == Frame.DEPTH_UBYTE || depth == Frame.DEPTH_BYTE) && channels == 1) {
          pixelFormat = AV_PIX_FMT_GRAY8;
        } else if ((depth == Frame.DEPTH_USHORT || depth == Frame.DEPTH_SHORT) && channels == 1) {
          pixelFormat =
              ByteOrder.nativeOrder().equals(ByteOrder.BIG_ENDIAN)
                  ? AV_PIX_FMT_GRAY16BE
                  : AV_PIX_FMT_GRAY16LE;
        } else if ((depth == Frame.DEPTH_UBYTE || depth == Frame.DEPTH_BYTE) && channels == 4) {
          pixelFormat = AV_PIX_FMT_RGBA;
        } else if ((depth == Frame.DEPTH_UBYTE || depth == Frame.DEPTH_BYTE) && channels == 2) {
          pixelFormat = AV_PIX_FMT_NV21; // Android's camera capture format
          step = width;
        } else {
          throw new Exception(
              "Could not guess pixel format of image: depth=" + depth + ", channels=" + channels);
        }
      }

      if (video_c.pix_fmt() != pixelFormat
          || video_c.width() != width
          || video_c.height() != height) {
        /* convert to the codec pixel format if needed */
        img_convert_ctx =
            sws_getCachedContext(
                img_convert_ctx,
                width,
                height,
                pixelFormat,
                video_c.width(),
                video_c.height(),
                video_c.pix_fmt(),
                SWS_BILINEAR,
                null,
                null,
                (DoublePointer) null);
        if (img_convert_ctx == null) {
          throw new Exception(
              "sws_getCachedContext() error: Cannot initialize the conversion context.");
        }
        avpicture_fill(new AVPicture(tmp_picture), data, pixelFormat, width, height);
        avpicture_fill(
            new AVPicture(picture),
            picture_buf,
            video_c.pix_fmt(),
            video_c.width(),
            video_c.height());
        tmp_picture.linesize(0, step);
        tmp_picture.format(pixelFormat);
        tmp_picture.width(width);
        tmp_picture.height(height);
        picture.format(video_c.pix_fmt());
        picture.width(video_c.width());
        picture.height(video_c.height());
        sws_scale(
            img_convert_ctx,
            new PointerPointer(tmp_picture),
            tmp_picture.linesize(),
            0,
            height,
            new PointerPointer(picture),
            picture.linesize());
      } else {
        avpicture_fill(new AVPicture(picture), data, pixelFormat, width, height);
        picture.linesize(0, step);
        picture.format(pixelFormat);
        picture.width(width);
        picture.height(height);
      }
    }

    if ((oformat.flags() & AVFMT_RAWPICTURE) != 0) {
      if (image == null || image.length == 0) {
        return false;
      }
      /* raw video case. The API may change slightly in the future for that? */
      av_init_packet(video_pkt);
      video_pkt.flags(video_pkt.flags() | AV_PKT_FLAG_KEY);
      video_pkt.stream_index(video_st.index());
      video_pkt.data(new BytePointer(picture));
      video_pkt.size(Loader.sizeof(AVPicture.class));
    } else {
      /* encode the image */
      av_init_packet(video_pkt);
      video_pkt.data(video_outbuf);
      video_pkt.size(video_outbuf_size);
      picture.quality(video_c.global_quality());
      if ((ret =
              avcodec_encode_video2(
                  video_c,
                  video_pkt,
                  image == null || image.length == 0 ? null : picture,
                  got_video_packet))
          < 0) {
        throw new Exception(
            "avcodec_encode_video2() error " + ret + ": Could not encode video packet.");
      }
      picture.pts(picture.pts() + 1); // magic required by libx264

      /* if zero size, it means the image was buffered */
      if (got_video_packet[0] != 0) {
        if (video_pkt.pts() != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
          video_pkt.pts(av_rescale_q(video_pkt.pts(), video_c.time_base(), video_st.time_base()));
        }
        if (video_pkt.dts() != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
          video_pkt.dts(av_rescale_q(video_pkt.dts(), video_c.time_base(), video_st.time_base()));
        }
        video_pkt.stream_index(video_st.index());
      } else {
        return false;
      }
    }

    synchronized (oc) {
      /* write the compressed frame in the media file */
      if (interleaved && audio_st != null) {
        if ((ret = av_interleaved_write_frame(oc, video_pkt)) < 0) {
          throw new Exception(
              "av_interleaved_write_frame() error "
                  + ret
                  + " while writing interleaved video frame.");
        }
      } else {
        if ((ret = av_write_frame(oc, video_pkt)) < 0) {
          throw new Exception("av_write_frame() error " + ret + " while writing video frame.");
        }
      }
    }
    return image != null ? (video_pkt.flags() & AV_PKT_FLAG_KEY) != 0 : got_video_packet[0] != 0;
  }