public void testRandom() throws Exception {

    int num = atLeast(2);
    for (int iter = 0; iter < num; iter++) {
      if (VERBOSE) {
        System.out.println("TEST: iter=" + iter);
      }

      Directory dir = newDirectory();

      IndexWriter w =
          new IndexWriter(
              dir,
              newIndexWriterConfig(TEST_VERSION_CURRENT, new MockAnalyzer(random()))
                  .setMergePolicy(NoMergePolicy.COMPOUND_FILES));
      _TestUtil.keepFullyDeletedSegments(w);

      Map<BytesRef, List<Integer>> docs = new HashMap<BytesRef, List<Integer>>();
      Set<Integer> deleted = new HashSet<Integer>();
      List<BytesRef> terms = new ArrayList<BytesRef>();

      int numDocs = _TestUtil.nextInt(random(), 1, 100 * RANDOM_MULTIPLIER);
      Document doc = new Document();
      Field f = newStringField("field", "", Field.Store.NO);
      doc.add(f);
      Field id = newStringField("id", "", Field.Store.NO);
      doc.add(id);

      boolean onlyUniqueTerms = random().nextBoolean();
      if (VERBOSE) {
        System.out.println("TEST: onlyUniqueTerms=" + onlyUniqueTerms + " numDocs=" + numDocs);
      }
      Set<BytesRef> uniqueTerms = new HashSet<BytesRef>();
      for (int i = 0; i < numDocs; i++) {

        if (!onlyUniqueTerms && random().nextBoolean() && terms.size() > 0) {
          // re-use existing term
          BytesRef term = terms.get(random().nextInt(terms.size()));
          docs.get(term).add(i);
          f.setStringValue(term.utf8ToString());
        } else {
          String s = _TestUtil.randomUnicodeString(random(), 10);
          BytesRef term = new BytesRef(s);
          if (!docs.containsKey(term)) {
            docs.put(term, new ArrayList<Integer>());
          }
          docs.get(term).add(i);
          terms.add(term);
          uniqueTerms.add(term);
          f.setStringValue(s);
        }
        id.setStringValue("" + i);
        w.addDocument(doc);
        if (random().nextInt(4) == 1) {
          w.commit();
        }
        if (i > 0 && random().nextInt(20) == 1) {
          int delID = random().nextInt(i);
          deleted.add(delID);
          w.deleteDocuments(new Term("id", "" + delID));
          if (VERBOSE) {
            System.out.println("TEST: delete " + delID);
          }
        }
      }

      if (VERBOSE) {
        List<BytesRef> termsList = new ArrayList<BytesRef>(uniqueTerms);
        Collections.sort(termsList, BytesRef.getUTF8SortedAsUTF16Comparator());
        System.out.println("TEST: terms in UTF16 order:");
        for (BytesRef b : termsList) {
          System.out.println("  " + UnicodeUtil.toHexString(b.utf8ToString()) + " " + b);
          for (int docID : docs.get(b)) {
            if (deleted.contains(docID)) {
              System.out.println("    " + docID + " (deleted)");
            } else {
              System.out.println("    " + docID);
            }
          }
        }
      }

      IndexReader reader = w.getReader();
      w.close();
      if (VERBOSE) {
        System.out.println("TEST: reader=" + reader);
      }

      Bits liveDocs = MultiFields.getLiveDocs(reader);
      for (int delDoc : deleted) {
        assertFalse(liveDocs.get(delDoc));
      }

      for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
        BytesRef term = terms.get(random().nextInt(terms.size()));
        if (VERBOSE) {
          System.out.println(
              "TEST: seek term=" + UnicodeUtil.toHexString(term.utf8ToString()) + " " + term);
        }

        DocsEnum docsEnum = _TestUtil.docs(random(), reader, "field", term, liveDocs, null, 0);
        assertNotNull(docsEnum);

        for (int docID : docs.get(term)) {
          if (!deleted.contains(docID)) {
            assertEquals(docID, docsEnum.nextDoc());
          }
        }
        assertEquals(DocIdSetIterator.NO_MORE_DOCS, docsEnum.nextDoc());
      }

      reader.close();
      dir.close();
    }
  }
  /*
   * Simple test for "commit on close": open writer, then
   * add a bunch of docs, making sure reader does not see
   * them until writer has closed.  Then instead of
   * closing the writer, call abort and verify reader sees
   * nothing was added.  Then verify we can open the index
   * and add docs to it.
   */
  public void testCommitOnCloseAbort() throws IOException {
    MockDirectoryWrapper dir = newDirectory();
    IndexWriter writer =
        new IndexWriter(
            dir,
            newIndexWriterConfig(TEST_VERSION_CURRENT, new MockAnalyzer(random()))
                .setMaxBufferedDocs(10));
    for (int i = 0; i < 14; i++) {
      TestIndexWriter.addDoc(writer);
    }
    writer.close();

    Term searchTerm = new Term("content", "aaa");
    IndexReader reader = DirectoryReader.open(dir);
    IndexSearcher searcher = new IndexSearcher(reader);
    ScoreDoc[] hits = searcher.search(new TermQuery(searchTerm), null, 1000).scoreDocs;
    assertEquals("first number of hits", 14, hits.length);
    reader.close();

    writer =
        new IndexWriter(
            dir,
            newIndexWriterConfig(TEST_VERSION_CURRENT, new MockAnalyzer(random()))
                .setOpenMode(OpenMode.APPEND)
                .setMaxBufferedDocs(10));
    for (int j = 0; j < 17; j++) {
      TestIndexWriter.addDoc(writer);
    }
    // Delete all docs:
    writer.deleteDocuments(searchTerm);

    reader = DirectoryReader.open(dir);
    searcher = new IndexSearcher(reader);
    hits = searcher.search(new TermQuery(searchTerm), null, 1000).scoreDocs;
    assertEquals("reader incorrectly sees changes from writer", 14, hits.length);
    reader.close();

    // Now, close the writer:
    writer.rollback();

    TestIndexWriter.assertNoUnreferencedFiles(dir, "unreferenced files remain after rollback()");

    reader = DirectoryReader.open(dir);
    searcher = new IndexSearcher(reader);
    hits = searcher.search(new TermQuery(searchTerm), null, 1000).scoreDocs;
    assertEquals("saw changes after writer.abort", 14, hits.length);
    reader.close();

    // Now make sure we can re-open the index, add docs,
    // and all is good:
    writer =
        new IndexWriter(
            dir,
            newIndexWriterConfig(TEST_VERSION_CURRENT, new MockAnalyzer(random()))
                .setOpenMode(OpenMode.APPEND)
                .setMaxBufferedDocs(10));

    // On abort, writer in fact may write to the same
    // segments_N file:
    dir.setPreventDoubleWrite(false);

    for (int i = 0; i < 12; i++) {
      for (int j = 0; j < 17; j++) {
        TestIndexWriter.addDoc(writer);
      }
      IndexReader r = DirectoryReader.open(dir);
      searcher = new IndexSearcher(r);
      hits = searcher.search(new TermQuery(searchTerm), null, 1000).scoreDocs;
      assertEquals("reader incorrectly sees changes from writer", 14, hits.length);
      r.close();
    }

    writer.close();
    IndexReader r = DirectoryReader.open(dir);
    searcher = new IndexSearcher(r);
    hits = searcher.search(new TermQuery(searchTerm), null, 1000).scoreDocs;
    assertEquals("didn't see changes after close", 218, hits.length);
    r.close();

    dir.close();
  }