public static BigInteger bi() throws Exception {
return in.nextBigInteger();
}
public static char[] cs(int n) throws Exception {
for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) tempchars[i] = in.nextCharacter();
return tempchars;
}
public static String s() throws Exception {
return in.nextLine();
}
public static double[] ds(int n) throws Exception {
for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) tempdoubles[i] = in.nextDouble();
return tempdoubles;
}
public static char c() throws Exception {
return in.nextCharacter();
}
public static double d() throws Exception {
return in.nextDouble();
}
public static long[] ls(int n) throws Exception {
for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) templongs[i] = in.nextLong();
return templongs;
}
public static long l() throws Exception {
return in.nextLong();
}
public static int[] is(int n) throws Exception {
// int arr[] = new int[n+1];
for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) tempints[i] = in.nextInt();
return tempints;
}
// *******************************I/O******************************//
public static int i() throws Exception {
// return Integer.parseInt(br.readLine().trim());
return in.nextInt();
}