@Override
  public void connectToGateway(@Nonnull String providerVpnId, @Nonnull String toGatewayId)
      throws CloudException, InternalException {
    APITrace.begin(provider, "connectVPNToGateway");
    try {
      VPNGateway gateway = getGateway(toGatewayId);
      VPN vpn = getVPN(providerVpnId);

      if (gateway == null) {
        throw new CloudException("No such VPN gateway: " + toGatewayId);
      }
      if (vpn == null) {
        throw new CloudException("No such VPN: " + providerVpnId);
      }
      if (!gateway.getProtocol().equals(vpn.getProtocol())) {
        throw new CloudException(
            "VPN protocol mismatch between VPN and gateway: "
                + vpn.getProtocol()
                + " vs "
                + gateway.getProtocol());
      }
      ProviderContext ctx = provider.getContext();

      if (ctx == null) {
        throw new CloudException("No context was configured");
      }
      Map<String, String> parameters =
          provider.getStandardParameters(provider.getContext(), ELBMethod.CREATE_VPN_CONNECTION);
      EC2Method method;

      parameters.put("Type", getAWSProtocol(vpn.getProtocol()));
      parameters.put("CustomerGatewayId", gateway.getProviderVpnGatewayId());
      parameters.put("VpnGatewayId", vpn.getProviderVpnId());
      method = new EC2Method(provider, parameters);
      try {
        method.invoke();
      } catch (EC2Exception e) {
        logger.error(e.getSummary());
        e.printStackTrace();
        throw new CloudException(e);
      }
    } finally {
      APITrace.end();
    }
  }
  private @Nullable VPN toVPN(@Nonnull ProviderContext ctx, @Nullable Node node)
      throws CloudException, InternalException {
    if (node == null) {
      return null;
    }

    NodeList attributes = node.getChildNodes();
    String name = null, description = null;
    VPN vpn = new VPN();

    vpn.setCurrentState(VPNState.PENDING);
    vpn.setProviderRegionId(ctx.getRegionId());
    for (int i = 0; i < attributes.getLength(); i++) {
      Node attr = attributes.item(i);
      String nodeName = attr.getNodeName();

      if (nodeName.equalsIgnoreCase("vpnGatewayId") && attr.hasChildNodes()) {
        vpn.setProviderVpnId(attr.getFirstChild().getNodeValue().trim());
      } else if (nodeName.equalsIgnoreCase("state")) {
        vpn.setCurrentState(toVPNState(attr.getFirstChild().getNodeValue().trim()));
      } else if (nodeName.equalsIgnoreCase("type") && attr.hasChildNodes()) {
        String t = attr.getFirstChild().getNodeValue().trim();

        if (t.equalsIgnoreCase("ipsec.1")) {
          vpn.setProtocol(VPNProtocol.IPSEC1);
        } else if (t.equalsIgnoreCase("openvpn")) {
          vpn.setProtocol(VPNProtocol.OPEN_VPN);
        } else {
          logger.warn("DEBUG: Unknown VPN gateway type: " + t);
          vpn.setProtocol(VPNProtocol.IPSEC1);
        }
      } else if (nodeName.equalsIgnoreCase("attachments") && attr.hasChildNodes()) {
        TreeSet<String> vlans = new TreeSet<String>();
        NodeList list = attr.getChildNodes();

        for (int j = 0; j < list.getLength(); j++) {
          Node att = list.item(j);

          if (att.getNodeName().equalsIgnoreCase("item") && att.hasChildNodes()) {
            NodeList aaList = attr.getChildNodes();
            String id = null;

            for (int k = 0; k < aaList.getLength(); k++) {
              Node aa = aaList.item(k);

              if (aa.getNodeName().equalsIgnoreCase("vpcId") && aa.hasChildNodes()) {
                id = aa.getFirstChild().getNodeValue().trim();
                break;
              }
            }
            if (id != null) {
              vlans.add(id);
            }
          }
        }
        vpn.setProviderVlanIds(vlans.toArray(new String[vlans.size()]));
      } else if (nodeName.equalsIgnoreCase("tagSet") && attr.hasChildNodes()) {
        provider.setTags(attr, vpn);
        if (vpn.getTags().get("name") != null) {
          name = vpn.getTags().get("name");
        }
        if (vpn.getTags().get("description") != null) {
          description = vpn.getTags().get("description");
        }
      }
    }
    if (vpn.getProviderVpnId() == null) {
      return null;
    }
    if (vpn.getName() == null) {
      vpn.setName(name == null ? vpn.getProviderVpnId() : name);
    }
    if (vpn.getDescription() == null) {
      vpn.setDescription(description == null ? vpn.getName() : description);
    }
    return vpn;
  }