private void getVelocity() {
vy = 3.0;
vx = rgen.nextDouble(1.0, 3.0);
if (rgen.nextBoolean(0.5)) {
vx = -vx;
}
}
/** When mouse pressed: begin our fantastic game */
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
if (vx == 0) {
vx = rgen.nextDouble(0.5, 1);
vy = -1;
if (rgen.nextBoolean() == true) {
vx *= -1;
}
}
}
public GLabel makeLetterLabel(int numDivs) {
boolean get = randgen.nextBoolean();
String ga;
if (get) ga = "G";
else ga = "A";
GLabel getOrAvoid = new GLabel(ga);
getOrAvoid.setFont(new Font("Cambria", Font.BOLD, 24));
double locx = randgen.nextDouble(INDENT, getWidth() - getOrAvoid.getWidth());
int whichdiv = randgen.nextInt(1, numDivs);
double locy = whichdiv * getHeight() / numDivs;
getOrAvoid.setLocation(locx, locy);
return getOrAvoid;
}
public class RandomCircles extends GraphicsProgram {
/** Number of circles */
private static final int NCIRCLES = 10;
/** Minimum radius */
private static final double MIN_RADIUS = 5;
/** Maximum radius */
private static final double MAX_RADIUS = 50;
public void run() {
for (int i = 0; i < NCIRCLES; i++) {
double r = rgen.nextDouble(MIN_RADIUS, MAX_RADIUS);
double x = rgen.nextDouble(0, getWidth() - 2 * r);
double y = rgen.nextDouble(0, getHeight() - 2 * r);
GOval circle = new GOval(x, y, 2 * r, 2 * r);
circle.setFilled(true);
circle.setColor(rgen.nextColor());
add(circle);
}
}
/* Private instance variable */
private RandomGenerator rgen = RandomGenerator.getInstance();
}
/** getReady: Initialize the game */
private void getReady() {
// Make up the bricks
double brickPerWidth =
(getWidth() - DIST_BRICK_WALL * 2 - DIST_BRICK_BRICK * (NUM_BRICK_ROW - 1)) / NUM_BRICK_ROW;
double brickPerHeight = BRICK_HEIGHT;
double x_start = DIST_BRICK_WALL;
double y_start;
for (int i = 1; i <= NUM_BRICK_ROW; i++) {
for (int j = 1; j <= NUM_BRICK_COL; j++) {
y_start = 50 + (j - 1) * (DIST_BRICK_BRICK + brickPerHeight);
GRect tmpbrick = new GRect(brickPerWidth, brickPerHeight);
tmpbrick.setFilled(true);
add(tmpbrick, x_start, y_start);
}
x_start += DIST_BRICK_BRICK + brickPerWidth;
}
// Make up the board
board = new GRect(BOARD_WIDTH, BOARD_HEIGHT);
board.setFilled(true);
add(board, (getWidth() - BOARD_WIDTH) / 2, (getHeight() - 30));
// Place the ball
ball = new GOval(BALL_RADIUS * 2, BALL_RADIUS * 2);
ball.setFilled(true);
ball.setColor(Color.RED);
add(ball, (getWidth() - BALL_RADIUS * 2) / 2, (getHeight() - 30 - BALL_RADIUS * 2));
// Set up random generator
rgen = RandomGenerator.getInstance();
// Add Listeners
addMouseListeners();
}
public void run() {
/* Initialising variables. */
int counter = 0;
int currentMoney = 1;
int totalMoneyInGame = 0;
/* The main iteration for the St.Peterburg's game.
If total money is > than 20 - ends the game. */
while (totalMoneyInGame < 20) {
/* Randoms flip boolean value for each stage of iteration */
RandomGenerator r = RandomGenerator.getInstance();
boolean flip = r.nextBoolean();
/* Condition for the heads flip, if it's true - double current money */
if (flip == true) {
currentMoney *= 2;
/* Condition for the streak of heads. If total money is >= 20 and current money is >=20,
prints phrases and adds 1 to counter.
*/
if (totalMoneyInGame >= 20 && currentMoney >= 20) {
println("This game you earned $" + currentMoney);
println("Your total is $" + totalMoneyInGame);
counter++;
}
/* Condition for the tails. Prints current money phrase.
Prints total money phrase and adds 1 to the counter.
In the end initialize current money to the start bid.
*/
} else {
println("This game you earned $" + currentMoney);
/* If current money >=1 adds them to the total money. */
if (currentMoney >= 1) totalMoneyInGame = totalMoneyInGame + currentMoney;
println("Your total is $" + totalMoneyInGame);
counter++;
currentMoney = 1;
}
}
/* In the end of the game prints counter phrase */
println("It took " + counter + " games to earn $20");
}
/**
* The method which controls the movement the ball, check all the objects with which the ball is
* faced and performs the appropriate actions to them
*/
private boolean runBall() {
double vx;
double vy = SPEED_Y;
boolean res = false;
vx = rgen.nextDouble(1.0, 3.0); // randomly sets horizontal speed
if (rgen.nextBoolean(
0.5)) // with a 50 percent chance change the direction of movement of the ball
vx = -vx;
while (allDelBricks
< NBRICK_ROWS * NBRICKS_PER_ROW) { // The game will not end until all the bricks
GObject collider = getCollidingObject(); // The variable gets test result object
vx = checkTheLeftAndRightWall(vx); // Check the collision of the ball on the side walls
vy =
checkTheTopWallAndPaddle(vy); // Check the collision of the ball on the ceiling and paddle
vx =
checkLeftAndRightWallOfPaddle(
vx); // Check the collision of the ball with the side part of the paddle
if (collider != null) { // If checkpoints are returned brick, it is then removed
if (collider != paddle) {
remove(collider);
vy = -vy;
allDelBricks++;
}
}
ball.move(vx, vy);
pause(TIME_PAUSE);
if (ball.getY()
> HEIGHT
- (PADDLE_Y_OFFSET / 3)
- BALL_RADIUS * 2) { // The game stops when the ball falls below the window
res = false;
return res;
}
res = true;
}
return res;
}
public class Craps extends ConsoleProgram {
public void run() {
// rgen.setSeed(23423);
int total = rollTwoDice();
if (total == 7 || total == 11) {
println("That's a natural. You win");
} else if (total == 2 || total == 3 || total == 12) {
println("That's craps. You lose.");
} else {
int point = total;
println("You point is " + point + ".");
while (true) {
total = rollTwoDice();
if (total == point) {
println("You made your point. You win.");
break;
} else if (total == 7) {
println("That's a 7. You lose.");
break;
}
}
}
}
/* Rolls two dice and returns their sum. */
private int rollTwoDice() {
int d1 = rgen.nextInt(1, 6);
int d2 = rgen.nextInt(1, 6);
int total = d1 + d2;
println("Rolling dice: " + d1 + " + " + d2 + " = " + total);
return total;
}
/* Create an instance variable for the random number generator */
private RandomGenerator rgen = RandomGenerator.getInstance();
}
public class Breakout extends GraphicsProgram {
/** Width and height of application window in pixels */
public static final int APPLICATION_WIDTH = 400;
public static final int APPLICATION_HEIGHT = 600;
/** Dimensions of game board (usually the same) */
private static final int WIDTH = APPLICATION_WIDTH;
private static final int HEIGHT = APPLICATION_HEIGHT;
/** Dimensions of the paddle */
private static final int PADDLE_WIDTH = 60;
private static final int PADDLE_HEIGHT = 10;
/** Offset of the paddle up from the bottom */
private static final int PADDLE_Y_OFFSET = 30;
/** Number of bricks per row */
private static final int NBRICKS_PER_ROW = 10;
/** Number of rows of bricks */
private static final int NBRICK_ROWS = 10;
/** Separation between bricks */
private static final int BRICK_SEP = 4;
/** Width of a brick */
private static final int BRICK_WIDTH =
(WIDTH - (NBRICKS_PER_ROW - 1) * BRICK_SEP) / NBRICKS_PER_ROW;
/** Height of a brick */
private static final int BRICK_HEIGHT = 8;
/** Radius of the ball in pixels */
private static final int BALL_RADIUS = 10;
/** Offset of the top brick row from the top */
private static final int BRICK_Y_OFFSET = 70;
/** Number of turns */
private int endtrying = 0;
/* Method: init() */
/** Sets up the Breakout program. */
public void init() {
addMouseListeners();
}
/* Method: run() */
/** Runs the Breakout program. */
public void run() {
buildBricks();
paddle();
ball();
startApp();
}
// Creating bricks as requested in colors and separators
private void buildBricks() {
for (int x = 0; x < NBRICK_ROWS; x++) {
for (int j = 0; j < NBRICKS_PER_ROW; j++) {
reak = new GRect(BRICK_WIDTH, BRICK_HEIGHT);
reak.setFilled(true);
reakCounter++;
// adding bricks from the start of the line and increasing by j the width and separator
add(reak, +(BRICK_SEP + BRICK_WIDTH) * j, BRICK_Y_OFFSET + (BRICK_SEP + BRICK_HEIGHT) * x);
// Setting color to the bricks depending on brick row number
switch (x) {
case 0:
case 1:
reak.setColor(Color.red);
break;
case 2:
case 3:
reak.setColor(Color.orange);
break;
case 4:
case 5:
reak.setColor(Color.yellow);
break;
case 6:
case 7:
reak.setColor(Color.green);
break;
case 8:
case 9:
reak.setColor(Color.cyan);
break;
}
}
}
}
// Creating Paddle
private void paddle() {
// declaring variables for more clarity and to be used in other method
baddleY = getHeight() - PADDLE_Y_OFFSET - PADDLE_HEIGHT;
baddleX = (WIDTH - PADDLE_WIDTH) / 2;
// creating the paddle
baddle = new GRect(PADDLE_WIDTH, PADDLE_HEIGHT);
baddle.setFilled(true);
add(baddle, baddleX, baddleY);
}
public void mouseMoved(MouseEvent e) {
// tracking the mouse inside the window and ignoring it if it's out of
// window perspective, which is requested in assignment handout.
// mouse is almost in the middle of the paddle.
// height remains the same all time
if ((e.getX() < WIDTH - PADDLE_WIDTH / 2) && (e.getX() > PADDLE_WIDTH / 2)) {
baddle.setLocation(e.getX() - PADDLE_WIDTH / 2, baddleY);
}
}
// Creating the ball above the paddle :D
private void ball() {
ballY = (HEIGHT - BALL_RADIUS) / 2;
ball = new GOval(BALL_RADIUS, BALL_RADIUS);
ball.setFilled(true);
add(ball, (WIDTH - BALL_RADIUS) / 2, ballY);
}
public void startApp() {
waitForClick();
getVelocity();
while (true) {
moveBall();
// delay time, reduced as the player is about to end the game to increases it's difficult
pause(delay + reakCounter / 25);
if (reakCounter == 0) {
GLabel win = new GLabel("YOU WIN!!");
add(win, (getWidth() - win.getWidth()) / 2, HEIGHT / 2);
}
}
}
private void moveBall() {
ball.move(vx, vy);
/*
* top side reflection
*/
if (ball.getY() - ball.getHeight() / 2 < 0) {
vy = -vy;
}
/*
* sides reflect
*/
else if (ball.getX() > WIDTH - ball.getHeight() || ball.getX() - ball.getHeight() / 2 < 0) {
vx = -vx;
}
/*
* ending game if ball goes beyond the paddle, with 3 tries
* and restarting it b4 the 3 tries
*/
else if (ball.getY() > HEIGHT) {
endtrying++;
if (endtrying >= 3) {
removeAll();
GLabel end = new GLabel("YOU LOST!!");
add(end, (getWidth() - end.getWidth()) / 2, getHeight() / 2);
}
// restart part
else {
removeAll();
run();
}
}
// getting what's on sides of the ball, and starting to handle it
GObject row = collectSides();
if (row == baddle) {
/*
* to test Y coordinates for ball and paddle
* println( baddle.getY()+ "|" + ball.getY());
* turned out to be that there's 19 pixel between ball.y and paddle.y; fixing that with if
*/
if (ball.getY() > baddle.getY() - BALL_RADIUS) {
vy = -vy;
bounceClip.play();
/*
* glue issue fix, move the ball above the paddle, so that it doesn't reverse again
*/
if (row == baddle) {
ball.move(0, -PADDLE_HEIGHT);
}
}
}
/* here removing object which is brick, then subtracting the counter, also checking if
* bricks ended so it display final message "YOY WIN"
*/
else if (row != null) {
remove(row);
reakCounter--;
vy = -vy;
}
}
// setting speed and randomness, though i'm not satisfied with it's randomness
// but it's doing the job for now
private void getVelocity() {
vy = 3.0;
vx = rgen.nextDouble(1.0, 3.0);
if (rgen.nextBoolean(0.5)) {
vx = -vx;
}
}
/* getting what's on the sides of our ball
* changing x, y because we've a ball, not the midpoint.
*/
private GObject collectSides() {
GObject obj = getElementAt(ball.getX(), ball.getY());
GObject obj2 = getElementAt(ball.getX() + 2 * BALL_RADIUS, ball.getY());
GObject obj3 = getElementAt(ball.getX(), ball.getY() + 2 * BALL_RADIUS);
GObject obj4 = getElementAt(ball.getX() + 2 * BALL_RADIUS, ball.getY() + 2 * BALL_RADIUS);
if (obj != null) {
return obj;
} else if (obj2 != null) {
return obj2;
} else if (obj3 != null) {
return obj3;
} else if (obj4 != null) {
return obj4;
} else {
return null;
}
}
// private instances
private static int reakCounter = 0;
private static double delay = 7.5;
// Velocity
private static double vx, vy;
private static GRect reak;
private static GRect baddle;
private static GOval ball;
private static double ballY;
private static double baddleY;
private static double baddleX;
// creating random instance
private RandomGenerator rgen = RandomGenerator.getInstance();
// adding sound
AudioClip bounceClip = MediaTools.loadAudioClip("bounce.au");
}
/**
* Get or Avoid Game is modeled on the starter game from the SIGSE nifty labs Generic Scrolling Game
* 2011
*
* <p>The objective is for the students to modify this starting point to develop a more significant
* game.
*
* <p>Goals:
*
* <p>use an array to store multiple things of one type use JButton, JTextField and JLabel and
* ActionEvents
*
* @author J. Smith
* @version February 2015
*/
public class LetterGame extends GraphicsProgram {
private static final int WINDOW_WIDTH = 600;
private static final int WINDOW_HEIGHT = 400;
private static final int SCOREAREA_HEIGHT = 75;
private static final int INDENT = 10;
private int screenDivisions = 5;
private double speed = 2.0;
private double playerspeed = 10.0;
private int gameSpeed = 25;
private GLabel[] letters;
private RandomGenerator randgen = RandomGenerator.getInstance();
private JLabel scoreLabel;
private int score;
private GLabel player;
@Override
public void init() {
randgen = new RandomGenerator();
setSize(WINDOW_WIDTH, WINDOW_HEIGHT);
setTitle("Get or Avoid!");
setBackground(Color.gray);
score = 0;
scoreLabel = new JLabel("Score: " + score);
scoreLabel.setFont(new Font("Cambria", Font.BOLD, 18));
add(scoreLabel, NORTH);
letters = new GLabel[10];
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
letters[i] = makeLetterLabel(screenDivisions); // 5 initial divisions
add(letters[i]);
}
player = new GLabel("P", INDENT, 3 * getHeight() / screenDivisions);
player.setFont(new Font("Cambria", Font.BOLD, 24));
player.setColor(Color.blue);
add(player);
addKeyListeners();
}
public GLabel makeLetterLabel(int numDivs) {
boolean get = randgen.nextBoolean();
String ga;
if (get) ga = "G";
else ga = "A";
GLabel getOrAvoid = new GLabel(ga);
getOrAvoid.setFont(new Font("Cambria", Font.BOLD, 24));
double locx = randgen.nextDouble(INDENT, getWidth() - getOrAvoid.getWidth());
int whichdiv = randgen.nextInt(1, numDivs);
double locy = whichdiv * getHeight() / numDivs;
getOrAvoid.setLocation(locx, locy);
return getOrAvoid;
}
@Override
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent event) {
char key = event.getKeyChar();
if (key == 'k') {
player.move(0, playerspeed);
} else if (key == 'i') {
player.move(0, -playerspeed);
}
}
@Override
public void run() {
double reset = getWidth() - letters[0].getWidth();
while (true) {
for (int i = 0; i < letters.length; i++) {
if (letters[i].getBounds().intersects(player.getBounds())) {
if (letters[i].getLabel().equals("A")) score--; // A for avoid lose a point
else score++; // G for get earn 1 point
scoreLabel.setText("Score: " + score);
// move the letter immediately
letters[i].setLocation(reset, letters[i].getY());
} else {
letters[i].move(-speed, 0);
// wrap around if past the left edge
if (letters[i].getX() < 0) letters[i].setLocation(reset, letters[i].getY());
}
}
pause(gameSpeed);
}
}
}
public class MathQuiz extends ConsoleProgram {
// Number of questions to ask
private static final int NUM_QUESTIONS = 5;
// Number of additional incorrect guesses after the first question before moving on
private static final int NUM_GUESSES = 2;
// Minimum integer or difference
private static final int MIN_VALUE = 0;
// Maximum integer or sum
private static final int MAX_VALUE = 20;
public void run() {
int studentAnswer;
String correct = "That's the answer!";
String incorrect = "That's incorrect - try a different answer: ";
for (int i = 0; i < NUM_QUESTIONS; i++) {
int guessNumber = 0;
String operator = rgen.nextBoolean(0.5) ? "+" : "-";
int x = rgen.nextInt(MIN_VALUE, MAX_VALUE);
int y = rgen.nextInt(MIN_VALUE, MAX_VALUE);
int addAnswer = x + y;
int subAnswer = x - y;
if (operator.equals("+")) {
while (addAnswer > MAX_VALUE) {
x = rgen.nextInt(MIN_VALUE, MAX_VALUE);
y = rgen.nextInt(MIN_VALUE, MAX_VALUE);
addAnswer = x + y;
}
studentAnswer = readInt("What is " + x + " + " + y + "? ");
while (studentAnswer != addAnswer && guessNumber < NUM_GUESSES) {
guessNumber++;
studentAnswer = readInt(incorrect);
}
if (studentAnswer == addAnswer) {
println(getAnswer());
} else {
println("No, the answer is " + addAnswer);
}
} else {
while (subAnswer < MIN_VALUE) {
x = rgen.nextInt(MIN_VALUE, MAX_VALUE);
y = rgen.nextInt(MIN_VALUE, MAX_VALUE);
subAnswer = x - y;
}
studentAnswer = readInt("What is " + x + " - " + y + "? ");
while (studentAnswer != subAnswer && guessNumber < NUM_GUESSES) {
guessNumber++;
studentAnswer = readInt(incorrect);
}
if (studentAnswer == subAnswer) {
println(getAnswer());
} else {
println("No, the answer is " + subAnswer);
}
}
}
}
private String getAnswer() {
int response = rgen.nextInt(0, 3);
switch (response) {
case 0:
return "That's correct";
case 1:
return "You got it!";
case 2:
return "Way to go!";
case 3:
return "Correct!";
default:
return null;
}
}
// Private instance variables
private RandomGenerator rgen = RandomGenerator.getInstance();
}
public class BreakoutExt extends WindowProgram {
// Width and height of application window in pixels
public static final int APPLICATION_WIDTH = 400;
public static final int APPLICATION_HEIGHT = 630;
// Dimensions of game board (usually the same)
private static final int WIDTH = APPLICATION_WIDTH;
private static final int HEIGHT =
APPLICATION_HEIGHT - 25; // Amendment 25px on the menu at the top of the screen
// Dimensions of the paddle
private static final int PADDLE_WIDTH = 60;
private static final int PADDLE_HEIGHT = 10;
// Offset of the paddle up from the bottom
private static final int PADDLE_Y_OFFSET = 60;
// Number of bricks per row
private static final int NBRICKS_PER_ROW = 10;
// Number of rows of bricks
private static final int NBRICK_ROWS = 10;
// Separation between bricks
private static final int BRICK_SEP = 4;
// Width of a brick
private static final int BRICK_WIDTH =
(WIDTH - (NBRICKS_PER_ROW - 1) * BRICK_SEP) / NBRICKS_PER_ROW;
// Height of a brick
private static final int BRICK_HEIGHT = 8;
// Radius of the ball in pixels
private static final int BALL_RADIUS = 10;
// Offset of the top brick row from the top
private static final int BRICK_Y_OFFSET = 70;
// The starting speed of the ball
private static final double SPEED_Y = 3.0;
// The time delay of motion of the game
private static final double TIME_PAUSE = 15;
// The delay of the text on the screen when displaying result game
private static final double TEXT_PAUSE_TIME = 2500;
// Number of turns
private static final int NTURNS = 3;
// Connecting random generator
RandomGenerator rgen = RandomGenerator.getInstance();
// The variables are stored initial state of the game
private int startGame = 0;
// The variables that will store the links to the following sites: paddle and ball, respectively
private GRect paddle;
private GOval ball;
// The variable in which to store the number of downed bricks per game
private int allDelBricks = 0;
// This variable will store the amount of scores per game
private int resGame = 0;
/** The method contains all the methods that control the whole process of the game */
public void run() {
addMouseListeners();
boolean res = false;
drawBricks(); // Creates bricks
for (int numberOfGame = 1; numberOfGame <= NTURNS; numberOfGame++) {
if (res) {
break;
}
startGame = 0;
paddle = madePaddle(); // Create paddle
ball = madeBall(); // Create ball
waitForClick(); // Waiting for a mouse click for further implementation of the program
startGame = 1;
res = runBall(); // Starts ball
if (!res) {
messageLostAndTryAgain(numberOfGame); // It displays a message in case of loss
} else {
removeAll();
messageWin(); // Displays a message in case of a win
}
}
removeAll();
createMessage("GAME OVER!");
createScore("Result of your game: " + resGame + " score");
}
/** Text output in the event of winning player */
private void messageWin() {
createMessage("Congratulations, you WIN!");
pause(TEXT_PAUSE_TIME);
}
/** Text output in case of loss player */
private void messageLostAndTryAgain(int numberOfGame) {
GLabel label = createMessage("You lost, but don't cry.");
pause(TEXT_PAUSE_TIME);
remove(label);
remove(paddle);
remove(ball);
if (numberOfGame != NTURNS) {
label = createMessage("You have " + (NTURNS - numberOfGame) + " Chance. Click to start.");
waitForClick();
remove(label);
}
}
/**
* The method which controls the movement the ball, check all the objects with which the ball is
* faced and performs the appropriate actions to them
*/
private boolean runBall() {
double vx;
double vy = SPEED_Y;
boolean res = false;
vx = rgen.nextDouble(1.0, 3.0); // randomly sets horizontal speed
if (rgen.nextBoolean(
0.5)) // with a 50 percent chance change the direction of movement of the ball
vx = -vx;
while (allDelBricks
< NBRICK_ROWS * NBRICKS_PER_ROW) { // The game will not end until all the bricks
GObject collider = getCollidingObject(); // The variable gets test result object
vx = checkTheLeftAndRightWall(vx); // Check the collision of the ball on the side walls
vy =
checkTheTopWallAndPaddle(vy); // Check the collision of the ball on the ceiling and paddle
vx =
checkLeftAndRightWallOfPaddle(
vx); // Check the collision of the ball with the side part of the paddle
if (collider != null) { // If checkpoints are returned brick, it is then removed
if (collider != paddle) {
remove(collider);
vy = -vy;
allDelBricks++;
}
}
ball.move(vx, vy);
pause(TIME_PAUSE);
if (ball.getY()
> HEIGHT
- (PADDLE_Y_OFFSET / 3)
- BALL_RADIUS * 2) { // The game stops when the ball falls below the window
res = false;
return res;
}
res = true;
}
return res;
}
/**
* If the ball is hit in the fall on the side of the paddle, it will change the direction of the
* x-coordinate
*/
private double checkLeftAndRightWallOfPaddle(double vx) {
if (getElementAt(paddle.getX() - 1, paddle.getY()) == ball
|| getElementAt(paddle.getX() - 1, paddle.getY() + PADDLE_HEIGHT) == ball
|| getElementAt(paddle.getX() + PADDLE_WIDTH + 1, paddle.getY()) == ball
|| getElementAt(paddle.getX() + PADDLE_WIDTH + 1, paddle.getY() + PADDLE_HEIGHT) == ball) {
vx = -vx;
}
return vx;
}
/**
* Makes the ball bounce from the top wall and paddle When you hit the upper wall and a paddle
* changes direction along the y-coordinate.
*/
private double checkTheTopWallAndPaddle(double vy) {
if (ball.getY() + 1 <= 0) { // Checks upper wall
vy = -vy;
} else if (getElementAt(ball.getX() + BALL_RADIUS * 2, ball.getY() + BALL_RADIUS * 2) == paddle
|| getElementAt(ball.getX(), ball.getY() + BALL_RADIUS * 2) == paddle) { // Checks paddle
if (vy > -2.0) {
vy = -vy - 0.1; // Makes the the acceleration of the ball at every touch the paddle
}
}
return vy;
}
/**
* Makes the ball bounce from the left and right walls. At blow the side of the wall, changes
* direction of the x coordinate. Returns the direction of the ball along the x coordinate
*/
private double checkTheLeftAndRightWall(double vx) {
if (ball.getX() - 1 <= 0 || ball.getX() + BALL_RADIUS * 2 + 1 >= WIDTH) {
vx = -vx;
}
return vx;
}
/**
* Creates a point at the ball 4 check and verifies the presence of an object near it. Returns
* null or the name of the object, if it is present
*/
private GObject getCollidingObject() {
GObject colliding;
colliding =
getElementAt(ball.getX(), ball.getY()); // Creates the upper left point of check ball
if (colliding != null) {
Color color = colliding.getColor();
count(color);
return colliding;
}
colliding =
getElementAt(
ball.getX() + BALL_RADIUS * 2,
ball.getY()); // Creates the top right point of check ball
if (colliding != null) {
Color color = colliding.getColor();
count(color);
return colliding;
}
colliding =
getElementAt(
ball.getX(),
ball.getY() + BALL_RADIUS * 2); // Creates the lower left point of check ball
if (colliding != null) {
Color color = colliding.getColor();
count(color);
return colliding;
}
colliding =
getElementAt(
ball.getX() + BALL_RADIUS * 2,
ball.getY() + BALL_RADIUS * 2); // Creates a check point of the lower right on the ball
if (colliding != null) {
Color color = colliding.getColor();
count(color);
return colliding;
}
return null;
}
/**
* Sets the sum of the scores depending on the color of brick, and displays the result on the
* screen
*/
private void count(Color color) {
int scores = 0;
if (color == Color.CYAN) {
scores = 100;
} else if (color == Color.GREEN) {
scores = 200;
} else if (color == Color.YELLOW) {
scores = 300;
} else if (color == Color.ORANGE) {
scores = 400;
} else if (color == Color.RED) {
scores = 500;
}
rectangle(
0,
HEIGHT - (PADDLE_Y_OFFSET / 4),
WIDTH,
PADDLE_Y_OFFSET / 4,
Color.white,
Color.white); // Draw a white square to hide the previous result
resGame = resGame + scores;
createScore("Score: " + resGame);
}
/** Displays the amount of points on the screen in text form */
private GLabel createScore(String score) {
GLabel text = new GLabel(score);
text.setFont("Arial Black-12");
text.setColor(Color.black);
double x = (WIDTH - text.getWidth()) / 2;
double y = HEIGHT - text.getDescent();
text.setLocation(x, y);
add(text);
return text;
}
/** Sends information about the state of the mouse */
public void mouseMoved(MouseEvent e) {
muvedPaddle(e);
muvedBall(e);
}
/** Bind the ball to the mouse cursor */
private void muvedBall(MouseEvent e) {
if (startGame == 0) {
int y = HEIGHT - PADDLE_HEIGHT - PADDLE_Y_OFFSET - BALL_RADIUS * 2;
int x;
if (e.getX()
> WIDTH
- PADDLE_WIDTH
/ 2) { // Makes it impossible to exit the ball over the right part of the window
x = WIDTH - PADDLE_WIDTH / 2 - BALL_RADIUS;
} else if (e.getX()
< PADDLE_WIDTH
/ 2) { // Makes it impossible to exit the ball over the left part of the window
x = PADDLE_WIDTH / 2 - BALL_RADIUS;
} else {
x = e.getX() - BALL_RADIUS; // Bind the ball to the center of the cursor
}
ball.setLocation(x, y);
}
}
/** Bind the paddle to the mouse cursor */
private void muvedPaddle(MouseEvent e) {
int y = HEIGHT - PADDLE_HEIGHT - PADDLE_Y_OFFSET;
int x;
if (e.getX()
> WIDTH
- PADDLE_WIDTH
/ 2) { // Makes it impossible to exit the paddle over the right part of the window
x = WIDTH - PADDLE_WIDTH;
} else if (e.getX()
< PADDLE_WIDTH
/ 2) { // Makes it impossible to exit the paddle over the left part of the window
x = 0;
} else {
x = e.getX() - PADDLE_WIDTH / 2; // Bind the paddle to the center of the cursor
}
paddle.setLocation(x, y);
}
// Created the bricks of different colors
private void drawBricks() {
int startPosX =
(WIDTH - (BRICK_WIDTH * NBRICKS_PER_ROW + BRICK_SEP * (NBRICKS_PER_ROW - 1))) / 2;
for (int i = 0; i < NBRICK_ROWS; i++) { // Created rows of bricks
Color color;
if (i == 0 || i == 1) {
color = (Color.RED);
} else if (i == 2 || i == 3) {
color = (Color.ORANGE);
} else if (i == 4 || i == 5) {
color = (Color.YELLOW);
} else if (i == 6 || i == 7) {
color = (Color.GREEN);
} else {
color = (Color.CYAN);
}
int posY = BRICK_Y_OFFSET + ((BRICK_HEIGHT + BRICK_SEP) * i);
for (int j = 0; j < NBRICKS_PER_ROW; j++) { // Created the bricks in a row
int posX = startPosX + (BRICK_WIDTH + BRICK_SEP) * j;
rectangle(posX, posY, BRICK_WIDTH, BRICK_HEIGHT, color, color);
}
}
}
/** Creates a paddle */
private GRect madePaddle() {
int startPosX = (WIDTH - PADDLE_WIDTH) / 2;
Color color = Color.BLACK;
int posY = HEIGHT - PADDLE_HEIGHT - PADDLE_Y_OFFSET;
GRect paddle = rectangle(startPosX, posY, PADDLE_WIDTH, PADDLE_HEIGHT, color, color);
return paddle;
}
/** Creates a red ball */
private GOval madeBall() {
int startPosX = (WIDTH - BALL_RADIUS * 2) / 2;
int startPosY = HEIGHT - PADDLE_Y_OFFSET - PADDLE_HEIGHT - BALL_RADIUS * 2;
Color color = Color.RED;
GOval oval = oval(startPosX, startPosY, BALL_RADIUS * 2, BALL_RADIUS * 2, color, color);
return oval;
}
/** The method accepts a string and displays the green text in the center of the screen */
private GLabel createMessage(String message) {
GLabel text = new GLabel(message);
text.setFont("Arial Black-20");
text.setColor(Color.GREEN);
double x = (WIDTH - text.getWidth()) / 2;
double y = (HEIGHT - text.getDescent()) / 2;
text.setLocation(x, y);
add(text);
return text;
}
/** The method takes parameters and returns, square shape figure */
private GRect rectangle(int x, int y, int width, int height, Color colorSetFill, Color colorSet) {
GRect rectangle = new GRect(x, y, width, height);
rectangle.setFilled(true);
rectangle.setFillColor(colorSetFill);
rectangle.setColor(colorSet);
add(rectangle);
return rectangle;
}
/** The method takes parameters and returns, oval shape figure */
private GOval oval(int x, int y, int width, int height, Color colorSetFill, Color colorSet) {
GOval oval = new GOval(x, y, width, height);
oval.setFilled(true);
oval.setFillColor(colorSetFill);
oval.setColor(colorSet);
add(oval);
return oval;
}
}
public class Breakout_Extension extends GraphicsProgram {
/**
* Width and height of application window in pixels. On some platforms these may NOT actually be
* the dimensions of the graphics canvas.
*/
public static final int APPLICATION_WIDTH = 400;
public static final int APPLICATION_HEIGHT = 600;
/**
* Dimensions of game board. On some platforms these may NOT actually be the dimensions of the
* graphics canvas.
*/
private static final int WIDTH = APPLICATION_WIDTH;
private static final int HEIGHT = APPLICATION_HEIGHT;
/** Dimensions of the paddle */
private static final int PADDLE_WIDTH = 60;
private static final int PADDLE_HEIGHT = 10;
/** Offset of the paddle up from the bottom */
private static final int PADDLE_Y_OFFSET = 30;
/** Number of bricks per row */
private static final int NBRICKS_PER_ROW = 10;
/** Number of rows of bricks */
private static final int NBRICK_ROWS = 10;
/** Separation between bricks */
private static final int BRICK_SEP = 4;
/** Width of a brick */
private static final int BRICK_WIDTH =
(WIDTH - (NBRICKS_PER_ROW - 1) * BRICK_SEP) / NBRICKS_PER_ROW;
/** Height of a brick */
private static final int BRICK_HEIGHT = 8;
/** Radius of the ball in pixels */
private static final int BALL_RADIUS = 10;
/** Offset of the top brick row from the top */
private static final int BRICK_Y_OFFSET = 70;
/** Number of turns */
private static final int NTURNS = 3;
/** Animation delay or pause time between ball moves */
private static final int DELAY = 20;
/* Method: run() */
/** Runs the Breakout program. */
/*
* instance variables
*/
private GRect paddle; // the paddle
private GOval ball; // the ball
private double vx, vy; // the x component and y component of velocity of ball
private GLabel lifeCount; // the prompt to show the life user still has
private RandomGenerator rgen = RandomGenerator.getInstance(); // create a random number generator
private int brickCount = NBRICK_ROWS * NBRICKS_PER_ROW; // total number of bricks
/*
* first create the items in the game then play.
*/
public void run() {
setup();
showInitialLifeCount();
play();
}
/*
* set up the items in the game, including bricks, a paddle and a ball.
*/
private void setup() {
drawBricks();
drawPaddle();
createBall();
}
/*
* Draw all the bricks.
*/
private void drawBricks() {
for (int i = 0; i < NBRICK_ROWS; i++) {
drawRow(i);
}
}
/*
* draw a row of the brick pile
*/
private void drawRow(int row) {
for (int i = 0; i < NBRICKS_PER_ROW; i++) {
drawOneBrick(row, i);
}
}
/*
* create one brick.
*/
private void drawOneBrick(int row, int col) {
double x0 =
(WIDTH - NBRICKS_PER_ROW * BRICK_WIDTH - (NBRICKS_PER_ROW - 1) * BRICK_SEP)
/ 2; // the distance of leftmost brick to left border of the world
double x = x0 + (BRICK_WIDTH + BRICK_SEP) * col;
double y = BRICK_Y_OFFSET + (BRICK_SEP + BRICK_HEIGHT) * row;
GRect brick = new GRect(x, y, BRICK_WIDTH, BRICK_HEIGHT);
brick.setFilled(true);
colorBrick(row, brick);
add(brick);
}
/*
* set color for the bricks according to which rows they are in.
*/
private void colorBrick(int row, GRect brick) {
if (row < 2) {
brick.setColor(Color.RED);
} else if (row < 4) {
brick.setColor(Color.ORANGE);
} else if (row < 6) {
brick.setColor(Color.YELLOW);
} else if (row < 8) {
brick.setColor(Color.GREEN);
} else if (row < 10) {
brick.setColor(Color.CYAN);
}
}
/*
* Draw a paddle.
*/
private void drawPaddle() {
double x = (WIDTH - PADDLE_WIDTH) / 2;
double y = HEIGHT - BRICK_Y_OFFSET - PADDLE_HEIGHT;
paddle = new GRect(x, y, PADDLE_WIDTH, PADDLE_HEIGHT);
paddle.setFilled(true);
add(paddle);
addMouseListeners();
}
/*
* change the x location of the paddle according to the movement of user's mouse.
*/
public void mouseMoved(MouseEvent e) {
if ((e.getX() > PADDLE_WIDTH / 2) && (e.getX() < WIDTH - PADDLE_WIDTH / 2)) {
double x = e.getX() - PADDLE_WIDTH / 2;
double y = HEIGHT - BRICK_Y_OFFSET - PADDLE_HEIGHT;
paddle.setLocation(x, y);
}
}
/*
* draw a ball and assign a initial velocity for it
*/
private void createBall() {
drawBall();
getVelocity();
}
/*
* Draw a ball at the center of the world with radius BALL_RADIUS.
*/
private void drawBall() {
double x = WIDTH / 2 - BALL_RADIUS;
double y = HEIGHT / 2 - BALL_RADIUS;
double d = 2 * BALL_RADIUS;
ball = new GOval(x, y, d, d);
ball.setFilled(true);
add(ball);
}
/*
* The balls gains an initial speed and starts to move.
* The x component of the initial velocity is 3.0.
* The y component of the initial velocity is a random number of certain range.
*/
private void getVelocity() {
vy = 3.0;
vx = rgen.nextDouble(1.0, 3.0);
if (rgen.nextBoolean(0.5)) {
vx = -vx;
}
}
/*
* display the turns users have at the beginning of the game
*/
private void showInitialLifeCount() {
GLabel lifeCount = prompt("You have " + NTURNS + " lives.");
add(lifeCount);
waitForClick();
remove(lifeCount);
}
/*
* Users start the game with a click. The game does not end until the ball falls off the bottom
* of the screen or there is no brick left. If you break all the bricks before using up the lives,
* you win. If the ball falls off the bottom of the screen, you turn to other round until you use
* up all your lives.
*/
private void play() {
gaming();
showPrompt();
}
/*
* user plays the game. If the user loses in one turn,the game goes on to the next turn.
* If the user loses NTURNS times, he or she loses the game. If the user wins in one turn,
* the game does not go on to next turn, but ends.
*/
private void gaming() {
boolean loseOneTurn;
boolean win = false;
boolean stillAlive = true;
for (int i = NTURNS; i > 0; i--) { // loops for the number of turns.
GLabel life = showLifeCount(i);
waitForClick();
add(life);
while (stillAlive) { // the ball moves and bounces until the user loses or wins the turn.
moveBall();
loseOneTurn =
(ball.getY() >= HEIGHT); // user loses one turn when the ball falls under the paddle.
win = (brickCount == 0); // user wins when there is no brick left.
stillAlive = !(loseOneTurn || win);
}
if (win) break; // breaks from the loop if the user wins in one turn.
remove(ball);
createBall(); // a new ball appears on the center of the screen after one turn
stillAlive = true;
remove(life);
}
}
/*
* Show remaining lives the user has at the upper left corner of the screen.
*/
private GLabel showLifeCount(int life) {
GLabel lifeCount = new GLabel("Life Count: " + life);
lifeCount.setFont("Times-15");
lifeCount.setLocation(10, lifeCount.getAscent() + 10);
return lifeCount;
}
/*
* the ball starts to fall, and bounces when hitting the wall or objects.
*/
private void moveBall() {
startFall();
checkWall();
checkObject();
}
/*
* the ball falls from its original location at the center of the screen.
*/
private void startFall() {
ball.move(vx, vy);
pause(DELAY);
ball.sendToBack();
}
/*
* checks if the ball hits the left, the right or the top wall. Then change the movement
* of the ball accordingly.
*/
private void checkWall() {
boolean checkLeftWall = ball.getX() <= 0;
boolean checkRightWall = ball.getX() + BALL_RADIUS * 2 >= WIDTH;
boolean checkTop = ball.getY() <= 0;
if ((checkLeftWall) || (checkRightWall)) {
vx = -vx;
}
if (checkTop) {
vy = -vy;
}
}
/*
* Check the four corners of the square inscribing the ball in order.
* If one of the corner is contained in an object other than paddle, remove the object and then bounce off.
* If one of the corner is contained in paddle, bounce off without removing the paddle.
*
*/
private void checkObject() {
// x and y parameters for the different corners
double leftX = ball.getX();
double rightX = ball.getX() + (2 * BALL_RADIUS);
double upperY = ball.getY();
double lowerY = ball.getY() + (2 * BALL_RADIUS);
// check the corners for object
GObject upperLeft = checkCorner(leftX, upperY); // check upper-left corner
if (upperLeft == null) {
GObject upperRight = checkCorner(rightX, upperY); // check upper-right corner
}
GObject lowerLeft = checkCorner(leftX, lowerY); // //check lower-left corner
if (lowerLeft == null) {
GObject lowerRight = checkCorner(rightX, lowerY); // check lower-right corner
if ((lowerLeft == paddle)
&& (lowerRight == paddle)) { // When both lower corners hit paddle, change direction.
vy = -vy;
}
}
}
/*
* check one corner of the square inscribing the ball in order.
* If one of the corner is contained in an object other than paddle, remove the object and then bounce off.
* If one of the corner is contained in paddle, bounce off without removing the paddle.
*/
private GObject checkCorner(double x, double y) {
GObject obj = getElementAt(x, y); // check the corner for GObject
if (obj == paddle) {
vy = -Math.abs(vy);
PrecisionPaddle();
} else if (obj != null && obj != lifeCount) { // check if the ball hits a brick
remove(obj);
vy = -1.05 * vy;
vx = 1.05 * vx;
brickCount--;
AudioClip bounceClip = MediaTools.loadAudioClip("bounce.au");
bounceClip.play();
}
return obj;
}
/*
* check if ball gets into the paddle, update location as appropriate
*/
private void PrecisionPaddle() {
if (ball.getY()
> HEIGHT
- PADDLE_Y_OFFSET
- PADDLE_HEIGHT
- BALL_RADIUS * 2) { // check if the ball drops below the paddle
double diff = ball.getY() - (HEIGHT - PADDLE_Y_OFFSET - PADDLE_HEIGHT - BALL_RADIUS * 2);
ball.move(0, -2 * diff); // move ball an amount equal to the amount it drops below the paddle
}
}
/*
* Show the prompt to indicate whether user loses or wins.
*/
private void showPrompt() {
if (brickCount == 0) {
add(prompt("YOU WIN!"));
} else {
add(prompt("GAME OVER!"));
}
}
/*
* prompt at the end of the game to indicate whether the user wins or loses
*/
private GLabel prompt(String endGame) {
GLabel prompt = new GLabel(endGame);
prompt.setFont("Times-Bold-50");
double x = (WIDTH - prompt.getWidth()) / 2;
double y = HEIGHT * 4.0 / 5.0;
prompt.setLocation(x, y);
return prompt;
}
}
