@Test
  public void testClone() throws URISyntaxException {
    UriComponentsBuilder builder1 = UriComponentsBuilder.newInstance();
    builder1
        .scheme("http")
        .host("e1.com")
        .path("/p1")
        .pathSegment("ps1")
        .queryParam("q1")
        .fragment("f1");

    UriComponentsBuilder builder2 = (UriComponentsBuilder) builder1.clone();
    builder2
        .scheme("https")
        .host("e2.com")
        .path("p2")
        .pathSegment("ps2")
        .queryParam("q2")
        .fragment("f2");

    UriComponents result1 = builder1.build();
    assertEquals("http", result1.getScheme());
    assertEquals("e1.com", result1.getHost());
    assertEquals("/p1/ps1", result1.getPath());
    assertEquals("q1", result1.getQuery());
    assertEquals("f1", result1.getFragment());

    UriComponents result2 = builder2.build();
    assertEquals("https", result2.getScheme());
    assertEquals("e2.com", result2.getHost());
    assertEquals("/p1/ps1/p2/ps2", result2.getPath());
    assertEquals("q1&q2", result2.getQuery());
    assertEquals("f2", result2.getFragment());
  }
  @Test
  public void fromUriString() {
    UriComponents result =
        UriComponentsBuilder.fromUriString("http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt").build();
    assertEquals("http", result.getScheme());
    assertNull(result.getUserInfo());
    assertEquals("www.ietf.org", result.getHost());
    assertEquals(-1, result.getPort());
    assertEquals("/rfc/rfc3986.txt", result.getPath());
    assertEquals(Arrays.asList("rfc", "rfc3986.txt"), result.getPathSegments());
    assertNull(result.getQuery());
    assertNull(result.getFragment());

    result =
        UriComponentsBuilder.fromUriString(
                "http://*****:*****@java.sun.com:80/javase/6/docs/api/java/util/BitSet.html?foo=bar#and(java.util.BitSet)")
            .build();
    assertEquals("http", result.getScheme());
    assertEquals("arjen:foobar", result.getUserInfo());
    assertEquals("java.sun.com", result.getHost());
    assertEquals(80, result.getPort());
    assertEquals("/javase/6/docs/api/java/util/BitSet.html", result.getPath());
    assertEquals("foo=bar", result.getQuery());
    MultiValueMap<String, String> expectedQueryParams = new LinkedMultiValueMap<>(1);
    expectedQueryParams.add("foo", "bar");
    assertEquals(expectedQueryParams, result.getQueryParams());
    assertEquals("and(java.util.BitSet)", result.getFragment());

    result = UriComponentsBuilder.fromUriString("mailto:[email protected]#baz").build();
    assertEquals("mailto", result.getScheme());
    assertNull(result.getUserInfo());
    assertNull(result.getHost());
    assertEquals(-1, result.getPort());
    assertEquals("*****@*****.**", result.getSchemeSpecificPart());
    assertNull(result.getPath());
    assertNull(result.getQuery());
    assertEquals("baz", result.getFragment());

    result = UriComponentsBuilder.fromUriString("docs/guide/collections/designfaq.html#28").build();
    assertNull(result.getScheme());
    assertNull(result.getUserInfo());
    assertNull(result.getHost());
    assertEquals(-1, result.getPort());
    assertEquals("docs/guide/collections/designfaq.html", result.getPath());
    assertNull(result.getQuery());
    assertEquals("28", result.getFragment());
  }
  @Test
  public void fromOpaqueUri() throws URISyntaxException {
    URI uri = new URI("mailto:[email protected]#baz");
    UriComponents result = UriComponentsBuilder.fromUri(uri).build();
    assertEquals("mailto", result.getScheme());
    assertEquals("*****@*****.**", result.getSchemeSpecificPart());
    assertEquals("baz", result.getFragment());

    assertEquals("Invalid result URI", uri, result.toUri());
  }
  @Test
  public void fromHierarchicalUri() throws URISyntaxException {
    URI uri = new URI("http://example.com/foo?bar#baz");
    UriComponents result = UriComponentsBuilder.fromUri(uri).build();
    assertEquals("http", result.getScheme());
    assertEquals("example.com", result.getHost());
    assertEquals("/foo", result.getPath());
    assertEquals("bar", result.getQuery());
    assertEquals("baz", result.getFragment());

    assertEquals("Invalid result URI", uri, result.toUri());
  }
  @Test
  public void fromPath() throws URISyntaxException {
    UriComponents result =
        UriComponentsBuilder.fromPath("foo").queryParam("bar").fragment("baz").build();
    assertEquals("foo", result.getPath());
    assertEquals("bar", result.getQuery());
    assertEquals("baz", result.getFragment());

    assertEquals("Invalid result URI String", "foo?bar#baz", result.toUriString());

    URI expected = new URI("foo?bar#baz");
    assertEquals("Invalid result URI", expected, result.toUri());

    result = UriComponentsBuilder.fromPath("/foo").build();
    assertEquals("/foo", result.getPath());

    expected = new URI("/foo");
    assertEquals("Invalid result URI", expected, result.toUri());
  }
  @Test
  public void plain() throws URISyntaxException {
    UriComponentsBuilder builder = UriComponentsBuilder.newInstance();
    UriComponents result =
        builder
            .scheme("http")
            .host("example.com")
            .path("foo")
            .queryParam("bar")
            .fragment("baz")
            .build();
    assertEquals("http", result.getScheme());
    assertEquals("example.com", result.getHost());
    assertEquals("foo", result.getPath());
    assertEquals("bar", result.getQuery());
    assertEquals("baz", result.getFragment());

    URI expected = new URI("http://example.com/foo?bar#baz");
    assertEquals("Invalid result URI", expected, result.toUri());
  }
  @Test
  public void multipleFromSameBuilder() throws URISyntaxException {
    UriComponentsBuilder builder =
        UriComponentsBuilder.newInstance().scheme("http").host("example.com").pathSegment("foo");
    UriComponents result1 = builder.build();
    builder = builder.pathSegment("foo2").queryParam("bar").fragment("baz");
    UriComponents result2 = builder.build();

    assertEquals("http", result1.getScheme());
    assertEquals("example.com", result1.getHost());
    assertEquals("/foo", result1.getPath());
    URI expected = new URI("http://example.com/foo");
    assertEquals("Invalid result URI", expected, result1.toUri());

    assertEquals("http", result2.getScheme());
    assertEquals("example.com", result2.getHost());
    assertEquals("/foo/foo2", result2.getPath());
    assertEquals("bar", result2.getQuery());
    assertEquals("baz", result2.getFragment());
    expected = new URI("http://example.com/foo/foo2?bar#baz");
    assertEquals("Invalid result URI", expected, result2.toUri());
  }
 @Test
 public void parsesEmptyFragment() {
   UriComponents components = UriComponentsBuilder.fromUriString("/example#").build();
   assertThat(components.getFragment(), is(nullValue()));
   assertThat(components.toString(), equalTo("/example"));
 }