@Before
  public void setUp() throws Exception {
    util = new TajoTestingCluster();
    util.initTestDir();
    catalog = util.startCatalogCluster().getCatalog();
    testDir = CommonTestingUtil.getTestDir(TEST_PATH);
    catalog.createTablespace(DEFAULT_TABLESPACE_NAME, testDir.toUri().toString());
    catalog.createDatabase(DEFAULT_DATABASE_NAME, DEFAULT_TABLESPACE_NAME);
    conf = util.getConfiguration();

    // ----------------- dep3 ------------------------------
    // dep_id | dep_name  | loc_id
    // --------------------------------
    //  0     | dep_0     | 1000
    //  1     | dep_1     | 1001
    //  2     | dep_2     | 1002
    //  3     | dep_3     | 1003
    //  4     | dep_4     | 1004
    //  5     | dep_5     | 1005
    //  6     | dep_6     | 1006
    //  7     | dep_7     | 1007
    //  8     | dep_8     | 1008
    //  9     | dep_9     | 1009
    Schema dep3Schema = new Schema();
    dep3Schema.addColumn("dep_id", Type.INT4);
    dep3Schema.addColumn("dep_name", Type.TEXT);
    dep3Schema.addColumn("loc_id", Type.INT4);

    TableMeta dep3Meta = CatalogUtil.newTableMeta("CSV");
    Path dep3Path = new Path(testDir, "dep3.csv");
    Appender appender1 =
        ((FileTablespace) TablespaceManager.getLocalFs())
            .getAppender(dep3Meta, dep3Schema, dep3Path);
    appender1.init();
    VTuple tuple = new VTuple(dep3Schema.size());
    for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
      tuple.put(
          new Datum[] {
            DatumFactory.createInt4(i),
            DatumFactory.createText("dept_" + i),
            DatumFactory.createInt4(1000 + i)
          });
      appender1.addTuple(tuple);
    }

    appender1.flush();
    appender1.close();
    dep3 = CatalogUtil.newTableDesc(DEP3_NAME, dep3Schema, dep3Meta, dep3Path);
    catalog.createTable(dep3);

    // ----------------- dep4 ------------------------------
    // dep_id | dep_name  | loc_id
    // --------------------------------
    //  0     | dep_0     | 1000
    //  1     | dep_1     | 1001
    //  2     | dep_2     | 1002
    //  3     | dep_3     | 1003
    //  4     | dep_4     | 1004
    //  5     | dep_5     | 1005
    //  6     | dep_6     | 1006
    //  7     | dep_7     | 1007
    //  8     | dep_8     | 1008
    //  9     | dep_9     | 1009
    // 10     | dep_10    | 1010
    Schema dep4Schema = new Schema();
    dep4Schema.addColumn("dep_id", Type.INT4);
    dep4Schema.addColumn("dep_name", Type.TEXT);
    dep4Schema.addColumn("loc_id", Type.INT4);

    TableMeta dep4Meta = CatalogUtil.newTableMeta("CSV");
    Path dep4Path = new Path(testDir, "dep4.csv");
    Appender appender4 =
        ((FileTablespace) TablespaceManager.getLocalFs())
            .getAppender(dep4Meta, dep4Schema, dep4Path);
    appender4.init();
    VTuple tuple4 = new VTuple(dep4Schema.size());
    for (int i = 0; i < 11; i++) {
      tuple4.put(
          new Datum[] {
            DatumFactory.createInt4(i),
            DatumFactory.createText("dept_" + i),
            DatumFactory.createInt4(1000 + i)
          });
      appender4.addTuple(tuple4);
    }

    appender4.flush();
    appender4.close();
    dep4 = CatalogUtil.newTableDesc(DEP4_NAME, dep4Schema, dep4Meta, dep4Path);
    catalog.createTable(dep4);

    // ----------------- job3 ------------------------------
    //  job_id  | job_title
    // ----------------------
    //   101    |  job_101
    //   102    |  job_102
    //   103    |  job_103

    Schema job3Schema = new Schema();
    job3Schema.addColumn("job_id", Type.INT4);
    job3Schema.addColumn("job_title", Type.TEXT);

    TableMeta job3Meta = CatalogUtil.newTableMeta("CSV");
    Path job3Path = new Path(testDir, "job3.csv");
    Appender appender2 =
        ((FileTablespace) TablespaceManager.getLocalFs())
            .getAppender(job3Meta, job3Schema, job3Path);
    appender2.init();
    VTuple tuple2 = new VTuple(job3Schema.size());
    for (int i = 1; i < 4; i++) {
      int x = 100 + i;
      tuple2.put(
          new Datum[] {DatumFactory.createInt4(100 + i), DatumFactory.createText("job_" + x)});
      appender2.addTuple(tuple2);
    }

    appender2.flush();
    appender2.close();
    job3 = CatalogUtil.newTableDesc(JOB3_NAME, job3Schema, job3Meta, job3Path);
    catalog.createTable(job3);

    // ---------------------emp3 --------------------
    // emp_id  | first_name | last_name | dep_id | salary | job_id
    // ------------------------------------------------------------
    //  11     |  fn_11     |  ln_11    |  1     | 123    | 101
    //  13     |  fn_13     |  ln_13    |  3     | 369    | 103
    //  15     |  fn_15     |  ln_15    |  5     | 615    | null
    //  17     |  fn_17     |  ln_17    |  7     | 861    | null
    //  19     |  fn_19     |  ln_19    |  9     | 1107   | null
    //  21     |  fn_21     |  ln_21    |  1     | 123    | 101
    //  23     |  fn_23     |  ln_23    |  3     | 369    | 103

    Schema emp3Schema = new Schema();
    emp3Schema.addColumn("emp_id", Type.INT4);
    emp3Schema.addColumn("first_name", Type.TEXT);
    emp3Schema.addColumn("last_name", Type.TEXT);
    emp3Schema.addColumn("dep_id", Type.INT4);
    emp3Schema.addColumn("salary", Type.FLOAT4);
    emp3Schema.addColumn("job_id", Type.INT4);

    TableMeta emp3Meta = CatalogUtil.newTableMeta("CSV");
    Path emp3Path = new Path(testDir, "emp3.csv");
    Appender appender3 =
        ((FileTablespace) TablespaceManager.getLocalFs())
            .getAppender(emp3Meta, emp3Schema, emp3Path);
    appender3.init();
    VTuple tuple3 = new VTuple(emp3Schema.size());

    for (int i = 1; i < 4; i += 2) {
      int x = 10 + i;
      tuple3.put(
          new Datum[] {
            DatumFactory.createInt4(10 + i),
            DatumFactory.createText("firstname_" + x),
            DatumFactory.createText("lastname_" + x),
            DatumFactory.createInt4(i),
            DatumFactory.createFloat4(123 * i),
            DatumFactory.createInt4(100 + i)
          });
      appender3.addTuple(tuple3);

      int y = 20 + i;
      tuple3.put(
          new Datum[] {
            DatumFactory.createInt4(20 + i),
            DatumFactory.createText("firstname_" + y),
            DatumFactory.createText("lastname_" + y),
            DatumFactory.createInt4(i),
            DatumFactory.createFloat4(123 * i),
            DatumFactory.createInt4(100 + i)
          });
      appender3.addTuple(tuple3);
    }

    for (int i = 5; i < 10; i += 2) {
      int x = 10 + i;
      tuple3.put(
          new Datum[] {
            DatumFactory.createInt4(10 + i),
            DatumFactory.createText("firstname_" + x),
            DatumFactory.createText("lastname_" + x),
            DatumFactory.createInt4(i),
            DatumFactory.createFloat4(123 * i),
            DatumFactory.createNullDatum()
          });
      appender3.addTuple(tuple3);
    }

    appender3.flush();
    appender3.close();
    emp3 = CatalogUtil.newTableDesc(EMP3_NAME, emp3Schema, emp3Meta, emp3Path);
    catalog.createTable(emp3);

    // ---------------------phone3 --------------------
    // emp_id  | phone_number
    // -----------------------------------------------
    // this table is empty, no rows

    Schema phone3Schema = new Schema();
    phone3Schema.addColumn("emp_id", Type.INT4);
    phone3Schema.addColumn("phone_number", Type.TEXT);

    TableMeta phone3Meta = CatalogUtil.newTableMeta("CSV");
    Path phone3Path = new Path(testDir, "phone3.csv");
    Appender appender5 =
        ((FileTablespace) TablespaceManager.getLocalFs())
            .getAppender(phone3Meta, phone3Schema, phone3Path);
    appender5.init();

    appender5.flush();
    appender5.close();
    phone3 = CatalogUtil.newTableDesc(PHONE3_NAME, phone3Schema, phone3Meta, phone3Path);
    catalog.createTable(phone3);

    analyzer = new SQLAnalyzer();
    planner = new LogicalPlanner(catalog, TablespaceManager.getInstance());

    defaultContext = LocalTajoTestingUtility.createDummyContext(conf);
  }
  @Before
  public void setup() throws Exception {
    this.randomValues = new HashMap<Integer, Integer>();
    this.conf = new TajoConf();
    util = new TajoTestingCluster();
    util.startCatalogCluster();
    catalog = util.getMiniCatalogCluster().getCatalog();

    Path workDir = CommonTestingUtil.getTestDir();
    catalog.createTablespace(DEFAULT_TABLESPACE_NAME, workDir.toUri().toString());
    catalog.createDatabase(TajoConstants.DEFAULT_DATABASE_NAME, DEFAULT_TABLESPACE_NAME);
    sm = StorageManagerFactory.getStorageManager(conf, workDir);

    idxPath = new Path(workDir, "test.idx");

    Schema schema = new Schema();
    schema.addColumn("managerid", Type.INT4);
    schema.addColumn("empid", Type.INT4);
    schema.addColumn("deptname", Type.TEXT);

    this.idxSchema = new Schema();
    idxSchema.addColumn("managerid", Type.INT4);
    SortSpec[] sortKeys = new SortSpec[1];
    sortKeys[0] = new SortSpec(idxSchema.getColumn("managerid"), true, false);
    this.comp = new TupleComparator(idxSchema, sortKeys);

    this.writer =
        new BSTIndex(conf)
            .getIndexWriter(idxPath, BSTIndex.TWO_LEVEL_INDEX, this.idxSchema, this.comp);
    writer.setLoadNum(100);
    writer.open();
    long offset;

    meta = CatalogUtil.newTableMeta(StoreType.CSV);
    tablePath = StorageUtil.concatPath(workDir, "employee", "table.csv");
    fs = tablePath.getFileSystem(conf);
    fs.mkdirs(tablePath.getParent());

    FileAppender appender =
        (FileAppender)
            StorageManagerFactory.getStorageManager(conf).getAppender(meta, schema, tablePath);
    appender.init();
    Tuple tuple = new VTuple(schema.size());
    for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {

      Tuple key = new VTuple(this.idxSchema.size());
      int rndKey = rnd.nextInt(250);
      if (this.randomValues.containsKey(rndKey)) {
        int t = this.randomValues.remove(rndKey) + 1;
        this.randomValues.put(rndKey, t);
      } else {
        this.randomValues.put(rndKey, 1);
      }

      key.put(new Datum[] {DatumFactory.createInt4(rndKey)});
      tuple.put(
          new Datum[] {
            DatumFactory.createInt4(rndKey),
            DatumFactory.createInt4(rnd.nextInt(10)),
            DatumFactory.createText("dept_" + rnd.nextInt(10))
          });
      offset = appender.getOffset();
      appender.addTuple(tuple);
      writer.write(key, offset);
    }
    appender.flush();
    appender.close();
    writer.close();

    TableDesc desc =
        new TableDesc(
            CatalogUtil.buildFQName(TajoConstants.DEFAULT_DATABASE_NAME, "employee"),
            schema,
            meta,
            sm.getTablePath("employee"));
    catalog.createTable(desc);

    analyzer = new SQLAnalyzer();
    planner = new LogicalPlanner(catalog);
    optimizer = new LogicalOptimizer(conf);
  }