@Override
  public HttpRequest toNettyRequest(
      Message message, String uri, NettyHttpConfiguration configuration) throws Exception {
    LOG.trace("toNettyRequest: {}", message);

    // the message body may already be a Netty HTTP response
    if (message.getBody() instanceof HttpRequest) {
      return (HttpRequest) message.getBody();
    }

    // just assume GET for now, we will later change that to the actual method to use
    HttpRequest request = new DefaultHttpRequest(HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1, HttpMethod.GET, uri);

    TypeConverter tc = message.getExchange().getContext().getTypeConverter();

    // if we bridge endpoint then we need to skip matching headers with the HTTP_QUERY to avoid
    // sending
    // duplicated headers to the receiver, so use this skipRequestHeaders as the list of headers to
    // skip
    Map<String, Object> skipRequestHeaders = null;
    if (configuration.isBridgeEndpoint()) {
      String queryString = message.getHeader(Exchange.HTTP_QUERY, String.class);
      if (queryString != null) {
        skipRequestHeaders = URISupport.parseQuery(queryString, false, true);
      }
      // Need to remove the Host key as it should be not used
      message.getHeaders().remove("host");
    }

    // append headers
    // must use entrySet to ensure case of keys is preserved
    for (Map.Entry<String, Object> entry : message.getHeaders().entrySet()) {
      String key = entry.getKey();
      Object value = entry.getValue();

      // we should not add headers for the parameters in the uri if we bridge the endpoint
      // as then we would duplicate headers on both the endpoint uri, and in HTTP headers as well
      if (skipRequestHeaders != null && skipRequestHeaders.containsKey(key)) {
        continue;
      }

      // use an iterator as there can be multiple values. (must not use a delimiter)
      final Iterator<?> it = ObjectHelper.createIterator(value, null, true);
      while (it.hasNext()) {
        String headerValue = tc.convertTo(String.class, it.next());

        if (headerValue != null
            && headerFilterStrategy != null
            && !headerFilterStrategy.applyFilterToCamelHeaders(
                key, headerValue, message.getExchange())) {
          LOG.trace("HTTP-Header: {}={}", key, headerValue);
          request.headers().add(key, headerValue);
        }
      }
    }

    Object body = message.getBody();
    if (body != null) {
      // support bodies as native Netty
      ChannelBuffer buffer;
      if (body instanceof ChannelBuffer) {
        buffer = (ChannelBuffer) body;
      } else {
        // try to convert to buffer first
        buffer = message.getBody(ChannelBuffer.class);
        if (buffer == null) {
          // fallback to byte array as last resort
          byte[] data = message.getMandatoryBody(byte[].class);
          buffer = ChannelBuffers.copiedBuffer(data);
        }
      }
      if (buffer != null) {
        request.setContent(buffer);
        int len = buffer.readableBytes();
        // set content-length
        request.headers().set(HttpHeaders.Names.CONTENT_LENGTH, len);
        LOG.trace("Content-Length: {}", len);
      } else {
        // we do not support this kind of body
        throw new NoTypeConversionAvailableException(body, ChannelBuffer.class);
      }
    }

    // update HTTP method accordingly as we know if we have a body or not
    HttpMethod method = NettyHttpHelper.createMethod(message, body != null);
    request.setMethod(method);

    // set the content type in the response.
    String contentType = MessageHelper.getContentType(message);
    if (contentType != null) {
      // set content-type
      request.headers().set(HttpHeaders.Names.CONTENT_TYPE, contentType);
      LOG.trace("Content-Type: {}", contentType);
    }

    // must include HOST header as required by HTTP 1.1
    // use URI as its faster than URL (no DNS lookup)
    URI u = new URI(uri);
    String host = u.getHost();
    request.headers().set(HttpHeaders.Names.HOST, host);
    LOG.trace("Host: {}", host);

    // configure connection to accordingly to keep alive configuration
    // favor using the header from the message
    String connection = message.getHeader(HttpHeaders.Names.CONNECTION, String.class);
    if (connection == null) {
      // fallback and use the keep alive from the configuration
      if (configuration.isKeepAlive()) {
        connection = HttpHeaders.Values.KEEP_ALIVE;
      } else {
        connection = HttpHeaders.Values.CLOSE;
      }
    }
    request.headers().set(HttpHeaders.Names.CONNECTION, connection);
    LOG.trace("Connection: {}", connection);
    return request;
  }
  @Override
  public void populateCamelHeaders(
      HttpRequest request,
      Map<String, Object> headers,
      Exchange exchange,
      NettyHttpConfiguration configuration)
      throws Exception {
    LOG.trace("populateCamelHeaders: {}", request);

    // NOTE: these headers is applied using the same logic as camel-http/camel-jetty to be
    // consistent

    headers.put(Exchange.HTTP_METHOD, request.getMethod().getName());
    // strip query parameters from the uri
    String s = request.getUri();
    if (s.contains("?")) {
      s = ObjectHelper.before(s, "?");
    }

    // we want the full path for the url, as the client may provide the url in the HTTP headers as
    // absolute or relative, eg
    //   /foo
    //   http://servername/foo
    String http = configuration.isSsl() ? "https://" : "http://";
    if (!s.startsWith(http)) {
      if (configuration.getPort() != 80) {
        s = http + configuration.getHost() + ":" + configuration.getPort() + s;
      } else {
        s = http + configuration.getHost() + s;
      }
    }

    headers.put(Exchange.HTTP_URL, s);
    // uri is without the host and port
    URI uri = new URI(request.getUri());
    // uri is path and query parameters
    headers.put(Exchange.HTTP_URI, uri.getPath());
    headers.put(Exchange.HTTP_QUERY, uri.getQuery());
    headers.put(Exchange.HTTP_RAW_QUERY, uri.getRawQuery());

    // strip the starting endpoint path so the path is relative to the endpoint uri
    String path = uri.getPath();
    if (configuration.getPath() != null && path.startsWith(configuration.getPath())) {
      path = path.substring(configuration.getPath().length());
    }
    headers.put(Exchange.HTTP_PATH, path);

    if (LOG.isTraceEnabled()) {
      LOG.trace("HTTP-Method {}", request.getMethod().getName());
      LOG.trace("HTTP-Uri {}", request.getUri());
    }

    for (String name : request.headers().names()) {
      // mapping the content-type
      if (name.toLowerCase(Locale.US).equals("content-type")) {
        name = Exchange.CONTENT_TYPE;
      }

      if (name.toLowerCase(Locale.US).equals("authorization")) {
        String value = request.headers().get(name);
        // store a special header that this request was authenticated using HTTP Basic
        if (value != null && value.trim().startsWith("Basic")) {
          if (headerFilterStrategy != null
              && !headerFilterStrategy.applyFilterToExternalHeaders(
                  NettyHttpConstants.HTTP_AUTHENTICATION, "Basic", exchange)) {
            NettyHttpHelper.appendHeader(headers, NettyHttpConstants.HTTP_AUTHENTICATION, "Basic");
          }
        }
      }

      // add the headers one by one, and use the header filter strategy
      List<String> values = request.headers().getAll(name);
      Iterator<?> it = ObjectHelper.createIterator(values);
      while (it.hasNext()) {
        Object extracted = it.next();
        Object decoded = shouldUrlDecodeHeader(configuration, name, extracted, "UTF-8");
        LOG.trace("HTTP-header: {}", extracted);
        if (headerFilterStrategy != null
            && !headerFilterStrategy.applyFilterToExternalHeaders(name, decoded, exchange)) {
          NettyHttpHelper.appendHeader(headers, name, decoded);
        }
      }
    }

    // add uri parameters as headers to the Camel message
    if (request.getUri().contains("?")) {
      String query = ObjectHelper.after(request.getUri(), "?");
      Map<String, Object> uriParameters = URISupport.parseQuery(query, false, true);

      for (Map.Entry<String, Object> entry : uriParameters.entrySet()) {
        String name = entry.getKey();
        Object values = entry.getValue();
        Iterator<?> it = ObjectHelper.createIterator(values);
        while (it.hasNext()) {
          Object extracted = it.next();
          Object decoded = shouldUrlDecodeHeader(configuration, name, extracted, "UTF-8");
          LOG.trace("URI-Parameter: {}", extracted);
          if (headerFilterStrategy != null
              && !headerFilterStrategy.applyFilterToExternalHeaders(name, decoded, exchange)) {
            NettyHttpHelper.appendHeader(headers, name, decoded);
          }
        }
      }
    }

    // if body is application/x-www-form-urlencoded then extract the body as query string and append
    // as headers
    // if it is a bridgeEndpoint we need to skip this part of work
    if (request.getMethod().getName().equals("POST")
        && request.headers().get(Exchange.CONTENT_TYPE) != null
        && request
            .headers()
            .get(Exchange.CONTENT_TYPE)
            .startsWith(NettyHttpConstants.CONTENT_TYPE_WWW_FORM_URLENCODED)
        && !configuration.isBridgeEndpoint()) {

      String charset = "UTF-8";

      // Push POST form params into the headers to retain compatibility with DefaultHttpBinding
      String body = request.getContent().toString(Charset.forName(charset));
      if (ObjectHelper.isNotEmpty(body)) {
        for (String param : body.split("&")) {
          String[] pair = param.split("=", 2);
          if (pair.length == 2) {
            String name = shouldUrlDecodeHeader(configuration, "", pair[0], charset);
            String value = shouldUrlDecodeHeader(configuration, name, pair[1], charset);
            if (headerFilterStrategy != null
                && !headerFilterStrategy.applyFilterToExternalHeaders(name, value, exchange)) {
              NettyHttpHelper.appendHeader(headers, name, value);
            }
          } else {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                "Invalid parameter, expected to be a pair but was " + param);
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
  public void process(Exchange exchange) throws Exception {
    // if we bridge endpoint then we need to skip matching headers with the HTTP_QUERY to avoid
    // sending
    // duplicated headers to the receiver, so use this skipRequestHeaders as the list of headers to
    // skip
    Map<String, Object> skipRequestHeaders = null;

    if (getEndpoint().isBridgeEndpoint()) {
      exchange.setProperty(Exchange.SKIP_GZIP_ENCODING, Boolean.TRUE);
      String queryString = exchange.getIn().getHeader(Exchange.HTTP_QUERY, String.class);
      if (queryString != null) {
        skipRequestHeaders = URISupport.parseQuery(queryString);
      }
      // Need to remove the Host key as it should be not used
      exchange.getIn().getHeaders().remove("host");
    }
    HttpMethod method = createMethod(exchange);
    Message in = exchange.getIn();
    String httpProtocolVersion = in.getHeader(Exchange.HTTP_PROTOCOL_VERSION, String.class);
    if (httpProtocolVersion != null) {
      // set the HTTP protocol version
      HttpMethodParams params = method.getParams();
      params.setVersion(HttpVersion.parse(httpProtocolVersion));
    }

    HeaderFilterStrategy strategy = getEndpoint().getHeaderFilterStrategy();

    // propagate headers as HTTP headers
    for (Map.Entry<String, Object> entry : in.getHeaders().entrySet()) {
      String key = entry.getKey();
      Object headerValue = in.getHeader(key);

      if (headerValue != null) {
        // use an iterator as there can be multiple values. (must not use a delimiter, and allow
        // empty values)
        final Iterator<?> it = ObjectHelper.createIterator(headerValue, null, true);

        // the value to add as request header
        final List<String> values = new ArrayList<String>();

        // if its a multi value then check each value if we can add it and for multi values they
        // should be combined into a single value
        while (it.hasNext()) {
          String value =
              exchange.getContext().getTypeConverter().convertTo(String.class, it.next());

          // we should not add headers for the parameters in the uri if we bridge the endpoint
          // as then we would duplicate headers on both the endpoint uri, and in HTTP headers as
          // well
          if (skipRequestHeaders != null && skipRequestHeaders.containsKey(key)) {
            continue;
          }
          if (value != null
              && strategy != null
              && !strategy.applyFilterToCamelHeaders(key, value, exchange)) {
            values.add(value);
          }
        }

        // add the value(s) as a http request header
        if (values.size() > 0) {
          // use the default toString of a ArrayList to create in the form [xxx, yyy]
          // if multi valued, for a single value, then just output the value as is
          String s = values.size() > 1 ? values.toString() : values.get(0);
          method.addRequestHeader(key, s);
        }
      }
    }

    // lets store the result in the output message.
    try {
      if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
        LOG.debug("Executing http {} method: {}", method.getName(), method.getURI().toString());
      }
      int responseCode = executeMethod(method);
      LOG.debug("Http responseCode: {}", responseCode);

      if (!throwException) {
        // if we do not use failed exception then populate response for all response codes
        populateResponse(exchange, method, in, strategy, responseCode);
      } else {
        if (responseCode >= 100 && responseCode < 300) {
          // only populate response for OK response
          populateResponse(exchange, method, in, strategy, responseCode);
        } else {
          // operation failed so populate exception to throw
          throw populateHttpOperationFailedException(exchange, method, responseCode);
        }
      }
    } finally {
      method.releaseConnection();
    }
  }