public void marshal(Node parent, String dsPrefix, DOMCryptoContext context)
      throws MarshalException {
    if (log.isLoggable(Level.FINE)) {
      log.log(Level.FINE, "Marshalling Reference");
    }
    Document ownerDoc = DOMUtils.getOwnerDocument(parent);

    refElem = DOMUtils.createElement(ownerDoc, "Reference", XMLSignature.XMLNS, dsPrefix);

    // set attributes
    DOMUtils.setAttributeID(refElem, "Id", id);
    DOMUtils.setAttribute(refElem, "URI", uri);
    DOMUtils.setAttribute(refElem, "Type", type);

    // create and append Transforms element
    if (!transforms.isEmpty() || !appliedTransforms.isEmpty()) {
      Element transformsElem =
          DOMUtils.createElement(ownerDoc, "Transforms", XMLSignature.XMLNS, dsPrefix);
      refElem.appendChild(transformsElem);
      for (int i = 0, size = appliedTransforms.size(); i < size; i++) {
        DOMStructure transform = (DOMStructure) appliedTransforms.get(i);
        transform.marshal(transformsElem, dsPrefix, context);
      }
      for (int i = 0, size = transforms.size(); i < size; i++) {
        DOMStructure transform = (DOMStructure) transforms.get(i);
        transform.marshal(transformsElem, dsPrefix, context);
      }
    }

    // create and append DigestMethod element
    ((DOMDigestMethod) digestMethod).marshal(refElem, dsPrefix, context);

    // create and append DigestValue element
    if (log.isLoggable(Level.FINE)) {
      log.log(Level.FINE, "Adding digestValueElem");
    }
    Element digestValueElem =
        DOMUtils.createElement(ownerDoc, "DigestValue", XMLSignature.XMLNS, dsPrefix);
    if (digestValue != null) {
      digestValueElem.appendChild(ownerDoc.createTextNode(Base64.encode(digestValue)));
    }
    refElem.appendChild(digestValueElem);

    parent.appendChild(refElem);
    here = refElem.getAttributeNodeNS(null, "URI");
  }
  /**
   * Creates a <code>DOMReference</code> from an element.
   *
   * @param refElem a Reference element
   */
  public DOMReference(Element refElem, XMLCryptoContext context) throws MarshalException {
    // unmarshal Transforms, if specified
    Element nextSibling = DOMUtils.getFirstChildElement(refElem);
    List transforms = new ArrayList(5);
    if (nextSibling.getLocalName().equals("Transforms")) {
      Element transformElem = DOMUtils.getFirstChildElement(nextSibling);
      while (transformElem != null) {
        transforms.add(new DOMTransform(transformElem, context));
        transformElem = DOMUtils.getNextSiblingElement(transformElem);
      }
      nextSibling = DOMUtils.getNextSiblingElement(nextSibling);
    }

    // unmarshal DigestMethod
    Element dmElem = nextSibling;
    this.digestMethod = DOMDigestMethod.unmarshal(dmElem);

    // unmarshal DigestValue
    try {
      Element dvElem = DOMUtils.getNextSiblingElement(dmElem);
      this.digestValue = Base64.decode(dvElem);
    } catch (Base64DecodingException bde) {
      throw new MarshalException(bde);
    }

    // unmarshal attributes
    this.uri = DOMUtils.getAttributeValue(refElem, "URI");
    this.id = DOMUtils.getAttributeValue(refElem, "Id");

    this.type = DOMUtils.getAttributeValue(refElem, "Type");
    this.here = refElem.getAttributeNodeNS(null, "URI");
    this.refElem = refElem;

    if (transforms.isEmpty()) {
      this.transforms = Collections.EMPTY_LIST;
    } else {
      this.transforms = Collections.unmodifiableList(transforms);
    }
    this.appliedTransforms = Collections.EMPTY_LIST;
    this.allTransforms = transforms;
    this.appliedTransformData = null;
  }