public Polynomial pow(int exp) {
if (exp == 0) return valueOf(new Number[] {baseRing.getONE()});
if (exp == 1) return valueOf(this.getCoeffs());
if (exp < 0)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Tried to raise a Polynomial to a negative power");
Polynomial res = valueOf(new Number[] {baseRing.getONE()});
Polynomial currentPower = this;
int ex = exp;
while (ex != 0) {
if ((ex & 1) == 1) res = res.mul(currentPower);
ex >>= 1;
if (ex == 0) break;
currentPower = currentPower.mul(currentPower);
}
return res;
}
public String toString() {
if (degree == 0) return coeffs[0].toString();
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer("");
for (int i = degree; i >= 0; --i) {
String s = coeffs[i].toString();
// don't bother if a zero coeff
if (s.equals("0") || this.baseRing.equals(coeffs[i], baseRing.getZERO())) continue;
// apart from first add a + sign if positive
if (i != degree && !s.startsWith("-")) sb.append("+");
// always print the final coeff (if non zero)
if (i == 0) {
String s1 = coeffs[i].toString();
sb.append(s1);
// if(s1.startsWith("(") && s1.endsWith(")"))
// {
// sb.append(s1.substring(1,s1.length()-1));
// }
// else sb.append(s1);
break;
}
// if its -1 t^i just print -
if (s.equals("-1")) sb.append("-");
else if (s.equals("1") || this.baseRing.equals(coeffs[i], baseRing.getONE())) {
} // don't print 1
else {
if (needsBrackets(coeffs[i].toString())) {
sb.append("(");
sb.append(coeffs[i].toString());
sb.append(")");
} else sb.append(coeffs[i].toString());
// sb.append(stripBrackets(coeffs[i]));
sb.append(" ");
}
if (i >= 2) sb.append(symbol + "^" + i);
else if (i == 1) sb.append(symbol);
}
sb.append("");
return sb.toString();
}