@Override
    public void visitPyReferenceExpression(PyReferenceExpression node) {
      final PyExpression qualifier = node.getQualifier();
      if (qualifier == null || PyNames.CANONICAL_SELF.equals(qualifier.getText())) return;
      if (myTypeEvalContext.getType(qualifier) instanceof PyNamedTupleType) return;
      final String name = node.getName();
      final List<LocalQuickFix> quickFixes = new ArrayList<LocalQuickFix>();
      quickFixes.add(new PyRenameElementQuickFix());

      if (name != null && name.startsWith("_") && !name.startsWith("__") && !name.endsWith("__")) {
        final PsiReference reference = node.getReference(getResolveContext());
        if (reference == null) return;
        final PsiElement resolvedExpression = reference.resolve();
        final PyClass resolvedClass = getClassOwner(resolvedExpression);
        if (resolvedExpression instanceof PyTargetExpression) {
          final String newName = StringUtil.trimLeading(name, '_');
          if (resolvedClass != null) {
            final String qFixName =
                resolvedClass.getProperties().containsKey(newName)
                    ? PyBundle.message("QFIX.use.property")
                    : PyBundle.message("QFIX.add.property");
            quickFixes.add(new PyAddPropertyForFieldQuickFix(qFixName));

            final Collection<String> usedNames = PyRefactoringUtil.collectUsedNames(resolvedClass);
            if (!usedNames.contains(newName)) {
              quickFixes.add(new PyMakePublicQuickFix());
            }
          }
        }

        final PyClass parentClass = getClassOwner(node);
        if (parentClass != null) {
          if (PyTestUtil.isPyTestClass(parentClass) && ignoreTestFunctions) return;

          if (parentClass.isSubclass(resolvedClass)) return;

          PyClass outerClass = getClassOwner(parentClass);
          while (outerClass != null) {
            if (outerClass.isSubclass(resolvedClass)) return;

            outerClass = getClassOwner(outerClass);
          }
        }
        final PyType type = myTypeEvalContext.getType(qualifier);
        final String bundleKey =
            type instanceof PyModuleType
                ? "INSP.protected.member.$0.access.module"
                : "INSP.protected.member.$0.access";
        registerProblem(
            node,
            PyBundle.message(bundleKey, name),
            ProblemHighlightType.GENERIC_ERROR_OR_WARNING,
            null,
            quickFixes.toArray(new LocalQuickFix[quickFixes.size() - 1]));
      }
    }
 @NotNull
 public QualifiedResolveResult followAssignmentsChain(PyResolveContext resolveContext) {
   PyReferenceExpression seeker = this;
   QualifiedResolveResult ret = null;
   List<PyExpression> qualifiers = new ArrayList<PyExpression>();
   PyExpression qualifier = seeker.getQualifier();
   if (qualifier != null) {
     qualifiers.add(qualifier);
   }
   Set<PsiElement> visited = new HashSet<PsiElement>();
   visited.add(this);
   SEARCH:
   while (ret == null) {
     ResolveResult[] targets = seeker.getReference(resolveContext).multiResolve(false);
     for (ResolveResult target : targets) {
       PsiElement elt = target.getElement();
       if (elt instanceof PyTargetExpression) {
         PsiElement assigned_from = null;
         final PyTargetExpression expr = (PyTargetExpression) elt;
         final TypeEvalContext context = resolveContext.getTypeEvalContext();
         if (context.maySwitchToAST(expr) || expr.getStub() == null) {
           assigned_from = expr.findAssignedValue();
         }
         // TODO: Maybe findAssignedValueByStub() should become a part of the PyTargetExpression
         // interface
         else if (elt instanceof PyTargetExpressionImpl) {
           assigned_from = ((PyTargetExpressionImpl) elt).findAssignedValueByStub(context);
         }
         if (assigned_from instanceof PyReferenceExpression) {
           if (visited.contains(assigned_from)) {
             break;
           }
           visited.add(assigned_from);
           seeker = (PyReferenceExpression) assigned_from;
           if (seeker.getQualifier() != null) {
             qualifiers.add(seeker.getQualifier());
           }
           continue SEARCH;
         } else if (assigned_from != null)
           ret = new QualifiedResolveResultImpl(assigned_from, qualifiers, false);
       } else if (ret == null && elt instanceof PyElement && target.isValidResult()) {
         // remember this result, but a further reference may be the next resolve result
         ret =
             new QualifiedResolveResultImpl(
                 elt, qualifiers, target instanceof ImplicitResolveResult);
       }
     }
     // all resolve results checked, reassignment not detected, nothing more to do
     break;
   }
   if (ret == null) ret = EMPTY_RESULT;
   return ret;
 }
 @Nullable
 public static String extractDeprecationMessage(List<PyStatement> statements) {
   for (PyStatement statement : statements) {
     if (statement instanceof PyExpressionStatement) {
       PyExpressionStatement expressionStatement = (PyExpressionStatement) statement;
       if (expressionStatement.getExpression() instanceof PyCallExpression) {
         PyCallExpression callExpression = (PyCallExpression) expressionStatement.getExpression();
         if (callExpression.isCalleeText(PyNames.WARN)) {
           PyReferenceExpression warningClass =
               callExpression.getArgument(1, PyReferenceExpression.class);
           if (warningClass != null
               && (PyNames.DEPRECATION_WARNING.equals(warningClass.getReferencedName())
                   || PyNames.PENDING_DEPRECATION_WARNING.equals(
                       warningClass.getReferencedName()))) {
             return PyPsiUtils.strValue(callExpression.getArguments()[0]);
           }
         }
       }
     }
   }
   return null;
 }
 @NotNull
 private static List<PsiElement> tryResolving(
     @NotNull PyExpression expression, @NotNull TypeEvalContext context) {
   final List<PsiElement> elements = Lists.newArrayList();
   if (expression instanceof PyReferenceExpression) {
     final PyReferenceExpression referenceExpr = (PyReferenceExpression) expression;
     final PyResolveContext resolveContext =
         PyResolveContext.noImplicits().withTypeEvalContext(context);
     final PsiPolyVariantReference reference = referenceExpr.getReference(resolveContext);
     final List<PsiElement> resolved = PyUtil.multiResolveTopPriority(reference);
     for (PsiElement element : resolved) {
       if (element instanceof PyFunction) {
         final PyFunction function = (PyFunction) element;
         if (PyUtil.isInit(function)) {
           final PyClass cls = function.getContainingClass();
           if (cls != null) {
             elements.add(cls);
             continue;
           }
         }
       } else if (element instanceof PyTargetExpression) {
         final PyTargetExpression targetExpr = (PyTargetExpression) element;
         // XXX: Requires switching from stub to AST
         final PyExpression assignedValue = targetExpr.findAssignedValue();
         if (assignedValue != null) {
           elements.add(assignedValue);
           continue;
         }
       }
       if (element != null) {
         elements.add(element);
       }
     }
   }
   return !elements.isEmpty() ? elements : Collections.singletonList(expression);
 }
 @NotNull
 public String getPresentableText(@NotNull String myName) {
   final StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(getQualifiedName(myName, myPath, myImportElement));
   PsiElement parent = null;
   if (myImportElement != null) {
     parent = myImportElement.getParent();
   }
   if (myImportable instanceof PyFunction) {
     sb.append(((PyFunction) myImportable).getParameterList().getPresentableText(false));
   } else if (myImportable instanceof PyClass) {
     final List<String> supers =
         ContainerUtil.mapNotNull(
             ((PyClass) myImportable).getSuperClasses(),
             new Function<PyClass, String>() {
               @Override
               public String fun(PyClass cls) {
                 return PyUtil.isObjectClass(cls) ? null : cls.getName();
               }
             });
     if (!supers.isEmpty()) {
       sb.append("(");
       StringUtil.join(supers, ", ", sb);
       sb.append(")");
     }
   }
   if (parent instanceof PyFromImportStatement) {
     sb.append(" from ");
     final PyFromImportStatement fromImportStatement = (PyFromImportStatement) parent;
     sb.append(StringUtil.repeat(".", fromImportStatement.getRelativeLevel()));
     final PyReferenceExpression source = fromImportStatement.getImportSource();
     if (source != null) {
       sb.append(source.getReferencedName());
     }
   }
   return sb.toString();
 }
 private static boolean isFirstUnboundRead(
     @NotNull PyReferenceExpression node, @NotNull ScopeOwner owner) {
   final String nodeName = node.getReferencedName();
   final Scope scope = ControlFlowCache.getScope(owner);
   final ControlFlow flow = ControlFlowCache.getControlFlow(owner);
   final Instruction[] instructions = flow.getInstructions();
   final int num = ControlFlowUtil.findInstructionNumberByElement(instructions, node);
   if (num < 0) {
     return true;
   }
   final Ref<Boolean> first = Ref.create(true);
   ControlFlowUtil.iteratePrev(
       num,
       instructions,
       new Function<Instruction, ControlFlowUtil.Operation>() {
         @Override
         public ControlFlowUtil.Operation fun(Instruction instruction) {
           if (instruction instanceof ReadWriteInstruction) {
             final ReadWriteInstruction rwInstruction = (ReadWriteInstruction) instruction;
             final String name = rwInstruction.getName();
             final PsiElement element = rwInstruction.getElement();
             if (element != null
                 && name != null
                 && name.equals(nodeName)
                 && instruction.num() != num) {
               try {
                 if (scope.getDeclaredVariable(element, name) == null) {
                   final ReadWriteInstruction.ACCESS access = rwInstruction.getAccess();
                   if (access.isReadAccess()) {
                     first.set(false);
                     return ControlFlowUtil.Operation.BREAK;
                   }
                 }
               } catch (DFALimitExceededException e) {
                 first.set(false);
               }
               return ControlFlowUtil.Operation.CONTINUE;
             }
           }
           return ControlFlowUtil.Operation.NEXT;
         }
       });
   return first.get();
 }
 @Override
 public void visitPyReferenceExpression(PyReferenceExpression node) {
   super.visitPyReferenceExpression(node);
   final PsiElement result = node.getReference().resolve();
   if (result != null && PsiTreeUtil.getParentOfType(result, ScopeOwner.class) == myScope) {
     if (result instanceof PyParameter && myScope instanceof PyFunction) {
       final PyFunction function = (PyFunction) myScope;
       final PyParameter[] parameters = function.getParameterList().getParameters();
       if (parameters.length > 0 && result == parameters[0]) {
         final PyFunction.Modifier modifier = function.getModifier();
         if (modifier != PyFunction.Modifier.STATICMETHOD) {
           // 'self' is not a local scope dependency
           return;
         }
       }
     }
     hasLocalScopeDependencies = true;
   }
 }
 @Nullable
 public static PyType getTypeFromTarget(
     @NotNull final PsiElement target,
     final TypeEvalContext context,
     PyReferenceExpression anchor) {
   if (!(target
       instanceof PyTargetExpression)) { // PyTargetExpression will ask about its type itself
     final PyType pyType = getReferenceTypeFromProviders(target, context, anchor);
     if (pyType != null) {
       return pyType;
     }
   }
   if (target instanceof PyTargetExpression) {
     final String name = ((PyTargetExpression) target).getName();
     if (PyNames.NONE.equals(name)) {
       return PyNoneType.INSTANCE;
     }
     if (PyNames.TRUE.equals(name) || PyNames.FALSE.equals(name)) {
       return PyBuiltinCache.getInstance(target).getBoolType();
     }
   }
   if (target instanceof PyFile) {
     return new PyModuleType((PyFile) target);
   }
   if (target instanceof PyImportedModule) {
     return new PyImportedModuleType((PyImportedModule) target);
   }
   if ((target instanceof PyTargetExpression || target instanceof PyNamedParameter)
       && anchor != null
       && context.allowDataFlow(anchor)) {
     final ScopeOwner scopeOwner = PsiTreeUtil.getStubOrPsiParentOfType(anchor, ScopeOwner.class);
     if (scopeOwner != null
         && scopeOwner == PsiTreeUtil.getStubOrPsiParentOfType(target, ScopeOwner.class)) {
       final String name = ((PyElement) target).getName();
       if (name != null) {
         final PyType type = getTypeByControlFlow(name, context, anchor, scopeOwner);
         if (type != null) {
           return type;
         }
       }
     }
   }
   if (target instanceof PyFunction) {
     final PyDecoratorList decoratorList = ((PyFunction) target).getDecoratorList();
     if (decoratorList != null) {
       final PyDecorator propertyDecorator = decoratorList.findDecorator(PyNames.PROPERTY);
       if (propertyDecorator != null) {
         return PyBuiltinCache.getInstance(target).getObjectType(PyNames.PROPERTY);
       }
       for (PyDecorator decorator : decoratorList.getDecorators()) {
         final QualifiedName qName = decorator.getQualifiedName();
         if (qName != null
             && (qName.endsWith(PyNames.SETTER)
                 || qName.endsWith(PyNames.DELETER)
                 || qName.endsWith(PyNames.GETTER))) {
           return PyBuiltinCache.getInstance(target).getObjectType(PyNames.PROPERTY);
         }
       }
     }
   }
   if (target instanceof PyTypedElement) {
     return context.getType((PyTypedElement) target);
   }
   if (target instanceof PsiDirectory) {
     final PsiDirectory dir = (PsiDirectory) target;
     PsiFile file = dir.findFile(PyNames.INIT_DOT_PY);
     if (file != null) {
       return getTypeFromTarget(file, context, anchor);
     }
     if (PyUtil.isPackage(dir, anchor)) {
       final PsiFile containingFile = anchor.getContainingFile();
       if (containingFile instanceof PyFile) {
         final QualifiedName qualifiedName = QualifiedNameFinder.findShortestImportableQName(dir);
         if (qualifiedName != null) {
           final PyImportedModule module =
               new PyImportedModule(null, (PyFile) containingFile, qualifiedName);
           return new PyImportedModuleType(module);
         }
       }
     }
   }
   return null;
 }
 private static PsiElement resolveWithoutImplicits(final PyReferenceExpression element) {
   final QualifiedResolveResult resolveResult =
       element.followAssignmentsChain(PyResolveContext.noImplicits());
   return resolveResult.isImplicit() ? null : resolveResult.getElement();
 }
 @Override
 public void visitPyReferenceExpression(final PyReferenceExpression node) {
   if (node.getContainingFile() instanceof PyExpressionCodeFragment) {
     return;
   }
   // Ignore global statements arguments
   if (PyGlobalStatementNavigator.getByArgument(node) != null) {
     return;
   }
   // Ignore qualifier inspections
   if (node.getQualifier() != null) {
     return;
   }
   // Ignore import subelements
   if (PsiTreeUtil.getParentOfType(node, PyImportStatementBase.class) != null) {
     return;
   }
   final String name = node.getReferencedName();
   if (name == null) {
     return;
   }
   final ScopeOwner owner = ScopeUtil.getDeclarationScopeOwner(node, name);
   final Set<ScopeOwner> largeFunctions = getSession().getUserData(LARGE_FUNCTIONS_KEY);
   assert largeFunctions != null;
   if (owner == null || largeFunctions.contains(owner)) {
     return;
   }
   // Ignore references declared in outer scopes
   if (owner != ScopeUtil.getScopeOwner(node)) {
     return;
   }
   final Scope scope = ControlFlowCache.getScope(owner);
   // Ignore globals and if scope even doesn't contain such a declaration
   if (scope.isGlobal(name) || (!scope.containsDeclaration(name))) {
     return;
   }
   // Start DFA from the assignment statement in case of augmented assignments
   final PsiElement anchor;
   final PyAugAssignmentStatement augAssignment =
       PsiTreeUtil.getParentOfType(node, PyAugAssignmentStatement.class);
   if (augAssignment != null && name.equals(augAssignment.getTarget().getName())) {
     anchor = augAssignment;
   } else {
     anchor = node;
   }
   final ScopeVariable variable;
   try {
     variable = scope.getDeclaredVariable(anchor, name);
   } catch (DFALimitExceededException e) {
     largeFunctions.add(owner);
     registerLargeFunction(owner);
     return;
   }
   if (variable == null) {
     if (!isFirstUnboundRead(node, owner)) {
       return;
     }
     final PsiPolyVariantReference ref = node.getReference(resolveWithoutImplicits());
     if (ref == null) {
       return;
     }
     final PsiElement resolved = ref.resolve();
     final boolean isBuiltin = PyBuiltinCache.getInstance(node).hasInBuiltins(resolved);
     if (owner instanceof PyClass) {
       if (isBuiltin || ScopeUtil.getDeclarationScopeOwner(owner, name) != null) {
         return;
       }
     }
     if (PyUnreachableCodeInspection.hasAnyInterruptedControlFlowPaths(node)) {
       return;
     }
     if (owner instanceof PyFile) {
       if (isBuiltin) {
         return;
       }
       if (resolved != null && !PyUtil.inSameFile(node, resolved)) {
         return;
       }
       registerProblem(node, PyBundle.message("INSP.unbound.name.not.defined", name));
     } else {
       registerProblem(
           node,
           PyBundle.message("INSP.unbound.local.variable", node.getName()),
           ProblemHighlightType.GENERIC_ERROR_OR_WARNING,
           null,
           new AddGlobalQuickFix());
     }
   }
 }